词汇 | diversity |
词根词缀 | 词源: mid-14c., "quality of being diverse," mostly in a neutral sense, from O.Fr. diversité (12c.) "difference, diversity, unique feature, oddness:" also "wickedness, perversity," from L. diversitatem "contrariety, contradiction, disagreement;" also, as a secondary sense, "difference, diversity" from diversus "turned different ways," in L.L. "various," pp. of divertere (see divert). Negative meaning, "being contrary to what is agreeable or right; perversity, evil" existed in English from late 15c. but was obsolete from 17c. Diversity as a virtue in a nation is an idea from the rise of modern democracies in the 1790s, where it kept one faction from arrogating all power (but this was not quite the modern sense, as ethnicity, gender, sexual identity, etc. was not the matter in mind): "The dissimilarity in the ingredients which will compose the national government, and still more in the manner in which they will be brought into action in its various branches, must form a powerful obstacle to a concert of views in any partial scheme of elections. There is sufficient diversity in the state of property, in the genius, manners, and habits of the people of the different parts of the Union, to occasion a material diversity of disposition in their representatives towards the different ranks and conditions in society." ["Federalist" #60, Feb. 26, 1788 (Hamilton)] Specific focus (in a positive sense) on race, gender, etc. is from 1992. 词根记忆: n. 多样性[ver,vert=turn,表示"转"] 词根词缀: diversity diversity n 多样性ver,ert=turn,表示”转” verse n 诗歌,韵文(转着反复说的话=诗歌) versed a 熟练的(会写诗歌,表示对语言运用的熟练) version n 翻译,译文(vers+ion=从原文转出来=译文) versatile a 多功能的,多才的(玩的转=有才能的) versatility n 多才多艺vertical a 垂直(vert+ical[下垂的东西]) avert v 避开(a离开+vert=转开=避开) adertise v 做广告(at一再+vert+ise=转来转去做广告) advertisement n 广告convert v 转化,改造(con共同+vert=共同转=转化) conversion n 转化,(宗教的) 改变incconvertible a 不能转化的(in不+convert转化+ible) unconverted a 不变的,不悔改的(un不+convert转化+ed) controvert v 反驳,攻击(contro相反+vert=相反转=反驳) controversy n 争论,议论incontrovertible a 不容争论的 (in不+controvervtt反驳+ible=不容反驳的) sivert v 转向,消遣(di偏离+vert转偏离=转向) diversion n 转向,娱乐invert v 翻过来,倒转(in进+vert=转进去=倒转=倒置) pervert v 颠倒,曲解(per全部+vert=全部转=颠倒) revert v 恢复原状(re回+ert=转回来=恢复) reversion n 恢复原状averse a 反感的(a坏+vers+e=往坏转=反感的) aversion n 反感adverse a 逆反,不辛adversary n 敌手,对手(ad+ers逆反+ary人=逆反之人=对手) anniversary n 周年纪念日(fanni年+vers+ary=一年转一次=纪念日) converse v 谈话,交际(con共同+vers+e=[两个齿轮对着]一起转=相反) conversation n 谈话conversant a亲近的(con共同+vers+ant=在一起转的=亲近的) diverse a 不同的(di分开+vers+e=转开了=不同的) diiversify v 多样化(di分开+vers+ify) diversity n 多样性inverse a 翻转的(in进+vers+e=转进去=翻转的) malversation n 贪污,渎职(mal坏vers+ation=转坏了=做官做坏=贪污) peverse a 性情乖张的(per全部+vers+e=和大家[反着]转=乖张的) perversity n 性情乖张的reverse v 颠倒,逆转a.相反的(re反+verse=反着转=颠倒) irreversible a 不能改变的(ir不+re+vers+ible=不能颠倒的) transversal a 横断的(taans横+vers+al=横着转=横断的) universe n 宇宙(uni一个+vers+e=统一旋转=宇宙) university n 大学(uni+vers+ity=由宇宙引申为知识,知识之地=大学) vertigo n 眩晕(vert+igo=go around转着走=眩晕) |
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