| 词汇 | abstract |
| 词根词缀 | 词源： abstract (adj.) late 14c., from L. abstractus "drawn away," pp. of abstrahere, from ab(s)- "away" + trahere "draw" (see tract (1)). Meaning "withdrawn or separated from material objects or practical matters" is from 1550s; specifically in ref. to the fine arts, it dates from 1915; abstract expressionism from 1952. The general noun sense of "a smaller quantity containing the virtue or power of a greater" [Johnson] is recorded from 1560s; meaning "summary of a document" is from 1520s. The verb is first recorded 1540s. 词根记忆： a. 抽象的n.摘要,梗概vt.提取;摘录要点The distracted reader can't be absorbed in the abstract extract.心神纷乱的读者无法专心于抽象的节录. 抽象的;心不在焉的(abs+tract拉→被拉开→心不在焉)[ab-,abs-加在词根前,表示"相反,变坏,离去"等] v. 抽出a.抽象的(abs离开+tract→拉出,抽出)[tract=draw,表示"拉,拖"] 词根词缀： abstract abstract 抽象的,心不在焉的(abs+tract拉=被拉开=心不在焉) ab-,abs-加在词根前,表示”相反,变坏,离去”等abnormal 反常的(ab+normal正常的) abuse 滥用(ab+use用=用坏=滥用) absorb 吸收(ab+sorb吸收=吸收掉) absent 缺席的(ab+sent出现=没有出现=缺席的) abduct 诱拐(ab+duct引导=引走=诱拐) abject 可怜的(ab+ject抛=抛掉=可怜的) abstract 抽象的,心不在焉的(abs+tract拉=被拉开=心不在焉) abstain 戒绝(abs+tain拿住=不再拿住=戒绝) abscond 潜逃(abs+cond藏=藏起来=潜逃) abscind 废除(abs+cind剪切=切掉=废除) abscise 切除(abs+cise剪=剪掉=切除) abstinence 节制,禁欲(abs+tin拿住+ense=不在拿住=戒除,禁欲) |
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