-ine 1
suff.（后缀）

Of or relating to:
表示属于或与之有关：
Benedictine.
本笃会的
Made of; resembling:
表示由之制造；类似于：
opaline.
蛋白石似的

语源

Middle English -in, -ine
中古英语 -in, -ine
from Old French
源自古法语
from Latin -īnus, -īna [adj. suff.]
源自拉丁语 -īnus, -īna [形容词性后缀]
and from Latin -inus from Greek -inos [adj. suff.]
并源自拉丁语 -inus 源自希腊语 -inos [形容词性后缀]

-ine 2
suff.（后缀）

Also -in A chemical substance, especially:
也作 -in 构成衍生物名称的ine后缀：一种化学物质

Halogen:
卤素：
bromine.
溴
Basic compound:
基本化合物：
amine.
甘氨酸
Alkaloid:
生物碱：
quinine.
金鸡纳碱

Amino acid:
氨基酸：
glycine.
胺
A mixture of compounds:
混合物：
gasoline.
汽油
Commercial material:
商业材料：
glassine.
玻璃纸

语源

Ultimately from Latin -īnus
最终源自拉丁语 -īnus
-inus [adj. suffixes] * see -ine ¹
-inus [形容词后缀] *参见 -ine¹

-ine¹

suffix forming adjectives

of, relating to, or belonging to

⇒ saturnine

consisting of or resembling

⇒ crystalline

Origin

from Latin -īnus, from Greek -inos

-ine²

suffix forming nouns

indicating a halogen

⇒ chlorine

indicating a nitrogenous organic compound, including amino acids, alkaloids, and certain other bases

⇒ alanine

⇒ nicotine

⇒ purine

Also: -in. indicating a chemical substance in certain nonsystematic names

⇒ glycerine

indicating a mixture of hydrocarbons

⇒ benzine

indicating a feminine form

⇒ heroine

an obsolete equivalent of -yne

Origin

via French from Latin -ina (from -inus) and Greek -inē

-ine¹

Word Origin

1

a suffix of adjectives of Greek or Latin origin, meaning “of or pertaining to,” “of the nature of,” “made of,” “like”:

asinine; crystalline; equine; marine.

Compare -in¹.

Origin

< Latin -īnus, -inus < Greek -inos

-ine²

1

a suffix, of no assignable meaning, appearing in nouns of Greek, Latin, or French origin:

doctrine; famine; routine.

2

a noun suffix used particularly in chemical terms (bromine; chlorine), and especially in names of basic substances (amine; aniline; caffeine; quinine; quinoline).

Compare -in².

3

a suffix of feminine nouns (heroine), given names (Clementine), and titles (landgravine).

Compare -ina¹.

Origin

< French < Latin -ina, orig. feminine of -inus; also representing Greek -inē, feminine noun suffix

Related Words

alizarin
aventurine
barbotine
bobbin
caffeine
capsaicin

-ineI.

an adjective suffix meaning 'of or relating to', 'of the nature of', 'made of', 'like', as in asinine, crystalline, equine, marine.

[Latin -īnus; also -inus, from Greek -inos]

II.

1. a noun suffix denoting some action, procedure, art, place, etc., as in discipline, doctrine, medicine, latrine.

2. a suffix occurring in many nouns of later formation and various meanings, as in famine, routine, grenadine, vaseline.

3. a noun suffix used particularly in chemical terms, as bromine, chlorine, and especially names of basic substances, as amine, aniline, caffeine, quinine, quinoline.

Compare -in². [French, from Latin -ina, originally feminine of -inus; also used to represent Greek -inē, feminine noun suffix, as in heroine]

-ine

I

adjective suffix
1. [French -in, -ine, from Latin -īnus — more at -en] : of or relating to
estuarine
2. [French -in, -ine, from Latin -ĭnus, from Greek -inos — more at -en] : made of : like
opaline

II

noun suffix

ETYMOLOGY French -ine, from Latin -īna, from feminine of -īnus, adjective suffix

1. chemical substance: as
  a. halogen element
      chlorine
  b. basic or base-containing carbon compound that contains nitrogen
      quinine
      cystine
  c. mixture of compounds (as of hydrocarbons)
      gasoline
  d. hydride
      arsine
2. -in 1a
3. commercial product or material
    glassine

-ine³

/iːn/

suffix

forming feminine nouns such as heroine, margravine ［构成阴性名词, 如heroine, margravine］。

词源

from French, via Latin -ina from Greek -inē, or from German -in.

-ine²

/aɪn/

suffix

forming adjectives from the names of minerals, plants, etc. ［构成矿物、植物等名称的形容词, 如crystaline和hyacinthine］。

词源

from Latin -inus, from Greek -inos.

-ine⁴

/ɪn/

suffix

1.

forming chiefly abstract nouns and diminutives such as doctrine, medicine, figurine ［主要构成抽象名词和指小词, 如doctrine, medicine, figurine］。

2.

Chemistry forming names of alkaloids, halogens, amines, amino acids, and other substances 【化】构成生物碱、卤素、胺、氨基酸等物质的名称：: cocaine

chlorine

thymine.

词源

from French, from the Latin feminine form -ina.

-ine¹

/aɪn/

suffix

1.

(forming adjectives) belonging to; resembling in nature ［构成形容词］表示“（属于）…的”, “（性质）类似…的”：: Alpine

asinine

canine.

2.

forming adjectives from the names of genera (such as bovine from the genus Bos) or from the names of subfamilies (such as colubrine from the subfamily Colubrinae) ［用以构成属名的形容词, 如构成Bos的形容词bovine］表示“…属的”, ［用以构成亚科名的形容词, 如构成Colubrinae的形容词colubrine］“…亚科的”。

词源

from French -in, -ine, or from Latin -inus.

▪ I.-ine, suffix¹forming adjs., repr. L. -īnus, -īna, -īnum, added to names of persons, animals, or material things, and to some other words, with the sense ‘of’ or ‘pertaining to’, ‘of the nature of’, represented in Fr. by -in masc., -ine fem., in Eng. now usually by -ine, formerly and still exceptionally by -in. Examples are L. adulterīnus adulterine, anserīnus anserine, asinīnus asinine, canīnus canine, dīvīnus divine, fēminīnus feminine, genuīnus genuine, lībertīnus libertine, marīnus marine, masculīnus masculine, supīnus supine; in some cases with blending of a previous suffix, as clandestīnus clandestine, intestīnus intestine, mātūtīnus matutine, vespertīnus vespertine. Also from proper names, as Alpīnus Alpine, Capitōlīnus Capitoline, Latīnus Latin (formerly Latine), Sāturnīnus Saturnine, Tarentīnus Tarentine. On the pattern of these, adjs. have continued to be freely formed in the Romanic langs. and in English, as in Algerine, Caroline, Florentine, Socotrine; and the termination is now greatly used in Natural History, in forming adjs., with or without L. type, on the names of genera, as acarine, accipitrine, bovine, caprine, equine, feline, hystricine, murine, passerine. In these Natural History adjs. the pronunciation is |-aɪn|, usually unstressed; but in other words it is very various, depending upon the length of time the word has been in English, the channel through which it came, the place of the stress, and other circumstances: cf. divine, supine |ˈ-aɪn|, marine |-ˈiːn|, feminine, genuine (-in), aquiline, bovine, leonine, alkaline |-aɪn|, and see the history of the individual words.▪ II.-ine, suffix²forming adjs., repr. L. -ĭnus, a. Gr. -ινος, from names of minerals, plants, etc., or (in a few words) of L. origin, having, in Romanic and Eng., the same sense and the same forms, as -ine¹; as adamantin-us adamantine, amethystinus amethystine, corallinus coralline, crystallinus crystalline, hyacinthinus hyacinthine, pristinus pristine. The etymological and historical pronunciation was |-ɪn|, e.g. |ˈprɪstɪn|, |ædəˈmæntɪn|; but, from the spelling -ine, and the attraction of words in -ine¹, there is now a strong tendency to lengthen the i in crystalline |-aɪn|, etc.▪ III.-ine, suffix³forming ns., repr. F. -ine, L. -īna, Gr. -ῑνη, forming feminine titles, as in Gr. ἡρωίνη, L. hērōīna, F. héroine heroine. With this the Ger. landgräfin, markgräfin, Du. landgravin, markgravin (the suffix of which is orig. the same as -en² 1), have fallen together in French and in Eng., as landgravine, margravine.▪ IV.-ine, suffix⁴forming ns., repr. F. -ine (-in), L. -īna (-īnus), in origin identical with -ine¹. In L., -īna formed feminine abstracts from verbs, as rapīna rapine, ruīna ruin, and from agent-nouns, as disciplīna discipline, doctrīna doctrine, medicīna medicine; also ns. from other sources, as fascīna fascine, resīna resin, ūrīna urine. The adjs. in -īnus, -īna were also used subst., as in concubīnus, -īna concubine, lupīnus lupine, and esp. in proper names, as Antōnīnus Antonine, Augustīnus Augustine, Constāntīnus Constantine, Crispīnus Crispin, Justīnus Justin, Agrippīna, Constāntīna, etc. The English form of those in -īna (through Fr., or on the Fr. type) is -ine, occasionally in early words reduced to -in; those in -īnus give F. and Eng. -in, but in Eng. often -ine.Formations of this type were multiplied in late L. and Romanic, e.g. famīna famine, F. routine; in Romanic this suffix (It., Sp. -ino, -ina, F. -in, -ine) is greatly used in forming names of derived substances, similative appellations, diminutives, etc. Many of these have come into English, in the F. form -ine |-ˈiːn|, which has consequently become a formative element, freely used in forming the names of derivative products, and of things supposed to be derived from, resemble, imitate, or commemorate those from which they are named, and thus in the trade-names of new varieties of fabrics, cosmetics, patent medicines, and proprietary articles generally, e.g. dentine, osseine, nectarine, brilliantine, grenadine, albertine, victorine, etc. Feminine personal names of Romanic origin in -ina sometimes retain that form, but often take -ine |-ɪn or -ˈiːn| after Fr., as Caroline (now -aɪn), Catherine, Ernestine, Josephine.▪ V.-ine, suffix⁵Chem., in origin an offshoot of -ine⁴, as occurring in the names of some derived substances: see gelatin, -ine. At first used unsystematically in forming names of extractive principles and chemical derivatives of various kinds; also, in the English names given early in the 19th century to the four elements chlorine, fluorine, iodine, bromine (in F. chlore, fluor, iode, brome). In all these, but especially in the names of extractive principles, the ending -ine was by some reduced to -in, thus gelatine or gelatin, aconitine or aconitin, chlorine or chlorin. In recent systematic nomenclature the two forms have been differentiated, -ine being now used (1) in forming names of alkaloids and basic substances, as aconitine, cocaïne, nicotine, strychnine, etc., which are thus distinguished from names of neutral substances, proteids, etc., in -in (see -in¹); and (2) in Hofmann's systematic names of hydrocarbons of the form C_nH_2n—2, as ethine or acetylene, C₂H₂, propine or allylene, C₃H₄, etc. These latter are not much used. In the names of the elements, and some other substances, not belonging to any of the classes named, -ine is retained (though chlorin, fluorin, etc., appear in some American books). In popular and commercial use, the ending -ine is still current in the names of some substances for which systematic nomenclature requires -in: see -in¹.-ine has been used by some authors to form the names of minerals; but in later systematic use, esp. by Dana, this is changed, in names of species, into -ite: thus chalcosine, erythrine, in Dana chalcocite, erythrite. -ine is also used systematically to form the names of certain six-membered monocyclic compounds having a nitrogen atom in the ring, as azine. Cf. -in¹.1928Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. L. 3078 In the field of six-membered [heterocyclic] rings are found names corresponding to the above systematic names for five-membered [heterocyclic] rings, but with the suffix -ine or -in replacing -ole (or -ol), as: triazine, oxazine, thiodiazine, dioxin (the latter being non-nitrogenous). Thus the ending -ine (or -in), although regarded as properly the ending for bases, has a specific sense in which it indicates a six-membered ring.1940in Patterson & Capell Ring Index 21. 1957 [see -in¹].

-ine

1

suffix used to form adjectives from nouns, from French -ine, fem. of -in, or directly from Latin -inus "of, like" (see -en(2)).

2

chemical suffix, sometimes -in, though modern use distinguishes them; early 19c., from French -ine, from Latin -ina, fem. form of suffix used to form adjectives from nouns (identical with -ine(1)). In French, the suffix commonly was used to form words for derived substances, hence its extended use in chemistry, where it was applied unsystematically at first (as in aniline), but now has more restricted use.

1. suffix¹ | 2. suffix² | 3. suffix³ | 4. suffix⁴ | 5. suffix⁵

1
-ine /ʌɪn, ɪn, i:n/ suffix¹.

ORIGIN: Repr. French -in, -ine or Latin -inus, -ina, -inum. Cf. -ine³, -ine⁴.

Forming adjectives with the sense ‘of, pertaining to, of the nature of’. Orig. & chiefly with Latin noun stems, as Alpine, aquiline, canine, supine; freq. in Biology, forming adjectives from the names of genera, as bovine, equine, feline, or of subfamilies (in Latin -inae) or tribes (in Latin -ini).

2
-ine /ʌɪn/ suffix².

ORIGIN: Repr. Latin -inus, from Greek -inos.

Forming adjectives with the sense ‘of the nature of, resembling’, esp. from names of minerals, plants, etc., as adamantine, crystalline, hyacinthine.

3
-ine /ɪn, i:n/ suffix³.

ORIGIN: Repr. or after French -ine, Latin -ina, Greek -inē: see -ine¹.

Forming fem. nouns, as heroine, margravine, Trappistine.

4
-ine /ɪn, i:n, ʌɪn/ suffix⁴.

ORIGIN: Repr. French -ine, Latin -ina in uses as nouns of adjectives: see -ine¹.

Forming (esp. abstract) nouns, as concubine, doctrine, fascine, medicine, rapine. Now freq. forming names of derived substances, similative appellations, diminutives, etc., as brilliantine, dentine, figurine, nectarine, tambourine.

5
-ine /i:n, ɪn/ suffix⁵. See also -eine.

ORIGIN: from -ine⁴.

1.Used in Chemistry to form names of substances (orig. & chiefly with stems representing the sources of the substances), esp. alkaloids (cocaine, strychnine), amino acids (glycine, thymine), amines (aniline, hydrazine), and halogens (chlorine), and formerly also in Mineralogy (olivine).

2.Chemistry. Forming nouns denoting compounds with a single ring of six atoms, one at least of which is nitrogen, as azine.

-ine¹

suffix forming adjectives from nouns. of; like; like that of: Crystalline = of crystal. Elephantine = like an elephant.

[< Latin -īnus, sometimes < Greek -inos]

-ine²

suffix forming nouns. Chemistry. denoting names of basic substances and the halogen elements, as in aniline, chlorine, fluorine. See -in.

[< French -ine (< Latin -īna), or directly < Latin -īna]

-ine
I. \ˌīn, _ən, (ˌ)in, ˌēn\ adjective suffix
Etymology: Middle English -ine, -in, from Middle French -in & Latin -inus (with long ī), -inus (with short ĭ); Middle French -in partly from Latin -inus (with long ī) of or belonging to; Middle French -in partly from Latin -inus (with short ĭ) made of, of or belonging to, from Greek -inos — more at -en
1. : of, belonging to, or relating to
< estuarine >
2. : made of : like
< opaline >
II. \|ēn, _ə̇n\ noun suffix
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English -ine, -in, from Middle French & Latin; Middle French -ine, from Latin -ina (with long ī), feminine of -inus (with long ī) of or belonging to
1. : -ite I 4
< hatchettine >
2. : chemical substance: as
a. : chemical element — in names of the halogens
  < astatine >
  < chlorine >
b.
  (1) : basic carbon compound — in names of alkaloids
   < quinine >
   or other organic nitrogenous bases
   < aniline >
   < guanidine >
   including six-membered ring compounds
   < pyridine >
   and intermediate hydrogenated forms of cyclic compounds
   < pyrroline >
   < thiazoline >
   — usually distinguished from -in
  (2) : carbon compound containing a basic group — in names of amino acids
   < glycine >
   < cystine >
c. : mixture of chemical compounds — especially in commercial names (as of mixtures of hydrocarbons)
  < gasoline >
  < kerosine >
d. : -yne
e. : hydride
  < arsine >
3. : -in 1a — not used systematically
4. : commercial product or material
< glassine >
III.
— see -ina II
IV. \|ēn\ noun suffix
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English -ina, -ine, -in (in feminine given names), from Old English -ina (in feminine given names), from Latin -ina (with long ī, in feminine names such as Agrippina), from feminine of -inus (with long ī) of or belonging to
: female person
< chorine >
< dudine >

-ine¹

Suffix

chiefly non-productive Of or pertaining to.

asinine, marine, bovine, cervine
chemistry Used to form names of chemical substances, especially basic (alkaline) substances, alkaloidal substances, or halogens.

amine, aniline, caffeine, iodine
non-productive Used to form feminine nouns.

heroine, speakerine
non-productive Used to form female given names or names of titles.

Clementine, landgravine
commercial material

glassine

Etymology

From Middle English -ine, a borrowing from Old French -ine, from Latin -īnus, from Ancient Greek -ινος (-inos). More at -en.

Derived terms

English words suffixed with -ine

Related terms

-in

-ine²

Suffix

Plural: cow -> kine; sow -> swine;

Etymology

Variant of -en.

References

“-ine” in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000.

“-ine” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, v1.0.1, Lexico Publishing Group, 2006.

后缀：-ine ①[形容词后缀]

表示属于...的、具有...的、如...的、有...性质的

elephantine 如象的

crystalline 结晶体的

infantine 幼儿（期）的

serpentine 蜿蜒如蛇的

adamantine 坚硬的

feminine 女性的

reverine 河流的，河边的

metalline 金属（性）的

nervine 神经的

asbestine 如石棉的

zebrine 班马的

saline 含盐的

②[名词后缀]

1、表示抽象名词

doctrine 教义，主义

discipline 纪律

famine 饥荒

rapine 抢劫，掠夺

medicine 医学，内科学

routine 程序，常规

cholerine 轻霍乱

2、表示人（多数表示女性）

heroine 女英雄

landgravine 伯爵夫人

libertine 放荡的人

concubine 妾，姘妇

3、表示药物名称及化学名词

tetracycline 四环素

caffeine 咖啡因

iodine 碘

vaseline 凡士林

antifebrine 退烧药

chlorine 氯

词根词缀：-ine

【来源及含义】Greek > Latin: a suffix that is used to form hundreds of words that mean: similar to, resembling, like, characterized by, or of the nature of

【相关描述】This element is also utilized to form abstract nouns; feminine common nouns; and it is used in chemistry to form names of alkaloids and bases or names of elements.

【同源单词】absinthine, acanthine, acarine, accipitrine, acephaline, acervuline

-ine1

suffix forming adjectives

Origin

-ine2

suffix forming nouns

Origin

-ine1

-ine2

Related Words

-ine 1

Suffix

Etymology

Derived terms

Related terms

-ine 2

Suffix

Etymology

References

后缀：-ine ①[形容词后缀]

词根词缀：-ine

-ine¹

-ine²

-ine¹

-ine²

-ine¹

-ine²