-i
suffix forming adjectives
of or relating to a region or people, esp of the Middle East
⇒
Iraqi
⇒
Bangladeshi
Origin
from an adjectival suffix in Semitic and in Indo-Iranian languages-ia suffix meaning 'belonging to' or 'relating to', commonly expressing connection with a place, people, or the like, serving to form adjectives, many of which are also used as nouns, as in Punjabi, Iraqi, Hindustani, etc.
[adjectival suffix of Indo-Iranian and Semitic languages]-i1
suffix
forming the plural ［构成复数］
1.
- of nouns adopted from Latin ending in -us［构成来自拉丁语、结尾为-us的名词的复数］：
-
foci
timpani.
2.
- of nouns adopted from Italian ending in -e or -o［构成来自意大利语、结尾为-e 或-o的名词的复数］：
-
dilettanti.
USAGEMany nouns derived from a foreign language retain their foreign plural, at least when they first enter English and particularly if they belong to a specialist field. Over time, though, it is quite normal for a word in general use to acquire a regular English plural. This may coexist with the foreign plural （e.g. cactus, plural cacti or cactuses） or it may actually oust a foreign plural. Note that not all Latin words ending in -us have a plural that ends in -i： for example, the Latin word apparatus is unchanged in the plural.
-i2
suffix
- forming adjectives from names of countries or regions in the Near or Middle East［构成近东或中东地区、国家名称的形容词］：
-
Azerbaijani
Pakistani.
词源
from Semitic and Indo-Iranian adjectival endings.
1
2
-i 1
Suffix
- used to indicate a plural form of some words of Latin or Italian origin, such as fungi, virtuosi or concerti
Etymology
From Latin -ī, the plural ending of the Latin second declension, whence the plural of Italian nouns in -o and -e.
References
-i 2
Suffix
- Used to form adjectives and nouns describing people of a particular city, region, or country, and the language spoken by these people.
- Iraq → Iraqi, Israel → Israeli, Pakistan → Pakistani, Bengal → Bengali, Nepal → Nepali, Desh → Desi, Hyderabad → Hyderabadi
Etymology
From the Arabic nisba suffix ـِيّ (-iyy). In English productive from the 19th century.
See also
References
后缀：-i [形容词兼名词后缀]
表示属于某国的或某地区的，兼表某国的或某地区性的人或语言
Israeli 以色列的（人）
Iraqi 伊拉克的（人）
Yemeni 也门的（人）
Zanzibare 桑给巴尔的（人）
Hindustani 印度斯坦的（人、语）
Pakistani 巴基斯坦的（人）
Punjabi 旁遮普的（人、语）
-ia [名词后缀]
表示情况、状态、总称及其他
differentia 差异
intelligentsia 知识界，知识分子（总称）
suburbia 郊区居民（总称）
battalia 战斗的陈列
juvenilia 少年文艺读物
fantasia 幻想曲
militia 民兵组织，民兵（总称）
utopia 乌托邦
adynamia 无力，衰弱，体力缺乏
ataxia 混乱，无秩序
regalia 王权，王位