hydro- 或 hydr-
pref.(前缀)
语源
pref.(前缀)
- Water:
水:
hydroelectric.
水电的 - Liquid:
液体:
hydrodynamics.
流体动力学 - Hydrogen:
氢:
hydrochloride.
氢氯化物
语源
- Greek hudro-, hudr-
希腊语 hudro-, hudr- - from hudōr * see wed- 1
源自 hudōr *参见 wed- 1
hydro- or (sometimes before a vowel) hydr-
combining form
indicating or denoting water, liquid, or fluid
⇒
hydrolysis
⇒
hydrodynamics
indicating the presence of hydrogen in a chemical compound
⇒
hydrochloric acid
indicating a hydroid
⇒
hydrozoan
Origin
from Greek hudōr waterhydro-1
Word Origin
1
a combining form meaning “water,” used in the formation of compound words:
hydroplane; hydrogen.
Also, especially before a vowel, hydr-1.
Origin
< Greek, combining form of hýdōr water
hydro-2
1
a combining form representing hydrogen, in compound words, denoting especially a combination of hydrogen with some negative element or radical:
hydrobromic.
Also, especially before a vowel, hydr-2.
Related Words
- hydromel
- anhydrous
- decahydronaphthalene
- dehydrofreeze
- dihydroergotamine
- dihydromorphinone
hydro-I.
a word element meaning 'water', as in hydrogen.
Also, hydr-. [Greek, combining form of hydōr water]
II.
Chemistry
a word element often indicating combination of hydrogen with a negative element or group: ◆ hydrobromic.
Also, hydr-. [combining form of hydrogen]
hydro-
combining form
⇨ see hydr-
combining form
⇨ see hydr-
hydro-
(亦作hydr-)
combining form
1.
- water; relating to water表示“水”; “液体”; “流体”:
-
hydraulic
hydrocolloid.
- ■ Medicine affected with an accumulation of serous fluid【医】表示“积水的”, “水肿的”:
-
hydrocephalus.
2.
- Chemistry combined with hydrogen【化】表示“氢化的”; “含氢的”:
-
hydrocarbon.
词源
from Greek hudōr 'water'.
1822 J. Imison Sc. & Art II. 21To distinguish the acids formed by hydrogen, from those formed by oxygen, the former are designated by the word hydro, as the hydro⁓chloric acid.
1853 W. Gregory Inorg. Chem. (ed. 3) 4If composed of oxygen united to a metalloid, such as carbon, or a metal..the acid is simply named from the metalloid or metal, as carbonic acid, chromic acid. But if the acid contains hydrogen united to a metalloid, the word ‘hydro’ is prefixed; as hydro-chloric acid (hydrogen and chlorine), hydro-sulphuric acid (hydrogen and sulphur), &c.
1886 Syd. Soc. Lex. ,*Hydroaeric sound, the percussion note produced over a cavity containing both water and air. Also, the sounds heard on auscultating a similar cavity.
1887 A. M. Brown Contrib. Animal Alkaloids 46The *hydro-alcoholic solution of the alkaloid was injected hypodermically into a dog of medium size.
1951 Hydro-alcoholic . [ see hydrastis]
1969 Biochim. & Biophys. Acta CXCIV. 265 (heading) Optical rotatory dispersion of polyglutamic and polyuridylic acids at low temperatures in fluid hydro-alcoholic solvents.
1858 Amer. Jrnl. Sc. Ser. ii. XXV. 408*Hydroapatite is a hydrous apatite.
1900 E. F. Smith tr. V. von Richter'sOrg. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 290Hexahydrobenzene is the parent hydrocarbon of the *hydroaromatic substances.
1940 Industr. &Engin. Chem. Apr. 528/2The cyclization of paraffins to hydroaromatics is preceded by dehydrogenation.
1951 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. xix. 390Many benzene derivatives may be reduced to the corresponding cyclohexane compounds, and because of this, cyclohexane and its derivatives are known as the hydroaromatic compounds. The cyclic terpenes are hydroaromatic compounds.
1877 Watts Fownes'Chem. (ed. 12) II. 571Benzoin..converted..by heating with alcoholic potash into *hydrobenzoïn and benzile.
1933 Geogr. Jrnl. LXXXI. 533It ..carries on geological, geomorphological, hydrological and *hydrobiological investigations. [ sc. the Arctic Institute of theU.S. S.R.]
1932 Ecology XIII. 110 The fresh water *hydrobiologists, especially the limnologists, have developed a third type of nomenclature based more upon the habitat than on the biotic communities.
1938 Hydrobiologist . [ see hydrologist]
1964 Oceanogr. & MarineBiol. II. 379The three large brackish water lagoons on the continental coast of the Baltic..have long attracted the interest of hydrobiologists.
1972 Nature 28 July 194/1 It is hoped that the committee will be able to produce a register of hydrobiologists working in Britain.
1928 K. E. Carpenter Life Inland Waters p. viii,The life of the ocean ..engrossed the energies even of followers of the new tradition in *Hydrobiology. [ has]
1941 J. G. Needham in Symposium Hydrobiol. 3Hydrobiology is an offshoot from the old maternal rootstock of natural history.
1965 Math. inBiol. &Med. (Med. Res. Council) 309His main interests are human population genetics and hydrobiology. [ sc. Antonio Moroni's]
1880 H. C. Lewis in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 319Such mica exfoliates slightly when heated, is uniaxial, fusible with difficulty, and might be called *Hydrobiotite for convenience.
1892 E. S. Dana Dana'sSyst. Min. (ed. 6) 632Hydrobiotite H. C. Lewis. A hydrated biotite. The name has been similarly but more definitely used by Schrauf.
1934 J. W. Gruner in Amer. Mineralogist XIX. 558Specimens 9 and 10 belong to a species for which the name hydrobiotite is proposed. This name was used long ago by Schrauf and others to designate biotite-like material high in water.
Ibid. 575X-ray diagrams are necessary to distinguish vermiculite from hydrobiotite.
1962 W. A. Deer et al. Rock-FormingMin. III. 251Mixed layer clays with vermiculite as a constituent are not uncommon, the most well known being ‘hydrobiotite’, a random mixture of vermiculite and biotite.
1835 C. U. Shepard Min. II. 326*Hydroboracite.
1868 Dana Min. (ed. 5) 595Hydroboracite..resembles fibrous and foliated gypsum.
1934 C. E. Tilley in Mineral. Mag. XXIII. 607In allusion to its composition as an hydrated calcium aluminate (4CaO.Al2O3.12H2O) the name *hydrocalumite is proposed.
1968 I. Kostov Mineral. 215Apart from hydrocalumite, which is rather soft.., the other minerals are hard.
1753 Chambers Cycl. Supp.,*Hydrocardia, a term invented by Hildanus to express a serous, sanious, or purulent tumour of the pericardium.
1960 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. &Technol. IX. 267/1Such a laboratory is located near the winches used for running out and retrieving a long string of water-sample bottles *(hydrocasts).
1968 D. F. Martin MarineChem. I. i. 8The vessel must be stationary for the time needed to complete the hydrocast.
1971 Nature 7 May 37/1 In 1966, one hydrocast in this narrow and steep-sided deep revealed a temperature of 29·07°C and a salinity of 74·2{pmil}. Attempts to place a hydrocast in the Chain deep on this cruise failed because of high winds and consequent ship drift.
1869 Nicholson Zool. 77The cœnosarc generally consists of a main stem—or ‘*hydro-caulus’—with many branches.
1876 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. i. 696Hydrocellulose is also formed when cellulose is impregnated with dilute acid and submitted to a temperature of about 100°.
1920 E. Sutermeister Chem. Pulp & Paper Making i. 9The formation of friable hydrocelluloses by acids is of great importance industrially for upon it is based the carbonization process for separating cotton from wool.
1956 Nature 18 Feb. 319/2 The hydrocelluloses produced by the action of mineral acids on cotton and wood.
1888 Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 246The hydranth resembles Hydra in all essentials... Like that organism it consists of a *hydrocephalis ( = oral and stomachal regions) and a peduncle or hydrocope which is very short.
1883 J. W. Mollett Illustr. Dict. Art & Archæol. 174/1*Hydro-ceramic (vessels), Gr. , vessels made of a porous clay, in which liquids were put for the purpose of cooling them; they were a kind of alcarazas.
1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 428/2Hydroceramic, porous unglazed pottery, used for filters and for cooling vessels.
1905 F. E. Clements Res. MethodsEcol. iv. 216*Hydrochores..comprise all plants distributed exclusively by water, whether the latter acts as ocean currents, tides, streams, or surface run-off.
Ibid. 218Most hydrophytes are hydrochorous.
1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 428/2Hydrochoric, dispersed by water.
1969 L. van der Pijl Princ. Dispersal Higher Plants v. 61It is difficult to describe concisely the structural modifications of hydrochory.
Ibid. ,Many hydrochores bend their fruit stalks down..whereas in Nuphar (not purely hydrochorous) the seeds mature above water.
1965 D. Bradley Hydrocyclone i. 1‘Hydraulic cyclone’ has been abbreviated to ‘hydrocyclone’ and even ‘*hydroclone’.
1967 Whistler & Paschall Starch II. i. 46The starch stream..must be further purified by passing..through hydroclones to reduce the protein content.
1888 Phil. Trans. R.Soc. B. CLXXIX. 266After separating from the *hydrocele the anterior body-cavity grows towards the ectoderm on the right side.
1900 E. R. Lankester Treat. Zool. III. viii. 23Whatever may be the homologies of the hydrocoel, there is..no nephridial or other excretory system in Echinoderma.
1962 D. Nichols Echinoderms x. 121This is called the left axohydrocoel, the anterior part being the axocoel..and the posterior the hydrocoel. [ sac]
1873 Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 824*Hydro⁓coumaric Acid exists in the yellow melilot.
1721 Bailey, *Hydrocriticks , critical Judgment of Distempers taken from Sweating. [ 1706 Phillips (ed. Kersey), Hydrocritica]
1893 Westm. Gaz. 5 Apr. 4/3The ‘*hydro-cycle’—hitherto regarded as more or less a mechanical monstrosity—has at length proved its speed and capabilities... The ‘*hydro⁓cyclists’ finished in good condition.
1898 River & Coast 9 July 13/1 One of the most interesting items was the Hydrocycle versus Skiff Race.
1952 Chem. Abstr. XLVI. 1668Data are presented on *hydrocyclones used as thickeners in starch processing, as classifiers for highly viscous and non-Newtonian liquids and as washers in ore prepn.
1962 Engineering 3 Aug. 146/1 The cone-shaped nozzle at the bottom of the hydrocyclones used by the National Coal Board..(for the separation and thickening of coal and shale fines from water).
1869 Nicholson Zool. 82There occur also in the Physophoridæ certain peculiar bodies, termed *hydrocysts or ‘feelers’.
1888 Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 770Hydrocysts or feelers..are polypites in which the distal or oral extremity is imperforate and usually armed with cnidoblasts.
1850 Dana Min. (ed. 3) 213*Hydrodolomite..has the composition of the magnesia alba of the shops.
1962 New Scientist 4 Oct. 31/3 They are using a specially-designed ‘*hydrodrill’ to inject relatively small amounts of water into the soil, placing it directly in the plant's root zone.
Ibid. ,The vine cuttings are simply dropped into holes which have been hydrodrilled.
1861 J. R. Greene Man. Anim. Kingd. , Cœlent. 99Praya, Hippopodius, and Vogtia have ‘incomplete’ *hydrœcia.
1869 Nicholson Zool. 80This chamber, which is present..in all the genera, is termed the ‘hydrœcium’.
1858 Huxley Oceanic Hydrozoa 39The lateral walls of the hydrœcial canal of the distal nectocalyx.
1928 C. E. Mullin Acetate Silk xxxviii. 437Yarns or loosely knit fabrics which are not liable to crease may be *hydroextracted in the ordinary rotating cage or drum machine.
1952 E. Kornreich Introd. Fibres & Fabrics viii. 143Fabrics can also be hydroextracted by winding them on a perforated beam which is then inserted in a suitable whizzer.
1882 Spon's Encycl. Industr. Arts v. 1839Centrifugal hydro-extracting machines..have been tried for separating beet-juice from the pulp.
1895 Trans. Soc. Engin. 1894 227 (heading)The principles and practice of hydro-extraction.
1912 H. H. Hodgson tr. Masselon's Celluloid v. 71,100 kilogrammes of bleached pulp after hydro-extraction should weigh 60 kilogrammes.
1963 A. J. Hall TextileSci. ii. 53The water in wet viscose rayon materials is best removed by hydro⁓extraction.
1851 Illustr. Catal. Gt. Exhib. 1199*Hydro-extractor..capable of revolving 2,000 times a minute... It will dress..all kinds of materials, cloths, felts . [ etc.]
1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 165The hydro⁓extractor, in which the yarn is dried like clothes in a laundry, being thrown into a horizontal drum and spun round at lightning speed.
1849 D. Campbell Inorg. Chem. Index 376*Hydroferridcyanic acid, or ferridcyanide of hydrogen. *Hydroferrocyanic acid, or ferrocyanide of hydrogen.
1868–72 Watts Dict. Chem. V. 20The *hydroferrocyanate , C20H24N2O2.H4FeCy6.2H2O, is an orange-yellow crystalline precipitate, obtained on mixing the alcoholic solutions of quinine and hydroferrocyanic acid. [ of quinine]
1949 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LXXI. 3051 (heading)*Hydroformylation of unsaturated compounds with a cobalt carbonyl catalyst.
1969 S. A. Miller Ethylene xiv. 1169The OXO reaction or ‘hydroformylation’ is now an important industrial process.
1886 Hamerton in Longm.Mag. VII. 375The efficacy of resinous solutions, as *hydrofuges.
1941 E. P. Flint et al. inJrnl. Res. Nat. Bureau of Standards (U.S. ) XXVI. 14An extension of the study revealed that silica could replace water in both 3CaO.Al2O3.6H2O and 3CaO.Fe2O3.6H2O, and that the end products of these substitutions are grossularite garnet, 3CaO.Al2O3.3SiO2, and andradite garnet, 3CaO.Fe2O3.3SiO2, respectively... The hydrous members of the series may be termed ‘*hydrogarnets’ to indicate their relationship to the naturally occurring garnets.
1966 W. A. Deer et al.Introd. Rock-FormingMin. 23In the hydrogarnets there is replacement of SiO2 by 2H2O, with vacant Si spaces in the structure.
1921 Glasgow Herald 23 July 7/2 The idea of using *hydrogliders for passengers and for mail purposes on the lochs in the outlying districts of Scotland.
1927 Ibid. 26 July 9The hydroglider which has been constructed..to accomplish the crossing of the Atlantic from Cherbourg to New York.
1961 F. H. Burgess Dict. Sailing 119Hydroglider, a type of boat that is designed with air-screws as its main means of propulsion.
1943 C. O. Hutton in Trans. &Proc. R.Soc. N.Z. LXXIII. 174 (heading)*Hydrogrossular, a new mineral of the garnet-hydrogarnet series.
Ibid. ,All of the isomorphous mixtures between plazolite and grossularite are termed by the writer, hydrogrossular.
1966 W. A. Deer et al.Introd. Rock-FormingMin. 26Hydrogrossular has been taken as the name for members of the series 3CaO.Al2O3.3SiO2—3CaO.Al2O3.6H2O with a composition between grossular and hibschite (plazolite), 3CaO.Al2O3.2SiO22H2O.
1861 H. W. Bristow Gloss. Mineral. 185/1*Hydrohalite... A hydrous chloride of sodium.
1949 Mineral. Abstr. X. 459A drop of sea-water..evaporated at a low temperature..yields hexagonal flakes (1/4 mm.) of hydrohalite, NaCl.2H2O.
1928 C. Palache in Amer. Mineralogist XIII. 308The following data establish the characters of unaltered hetaerolite. For the partly hydrated mineral hitherto described, the name *hydrohetaerolite may well be employed.
1942 . [ see hetærolite]
1955 Amer. Mineralogist XL. 350Hydrohetaerolite has the same structure as hausmannite, except that one sixth of the trivalent manganese occupying the octahedral sites are randomly absent, and the balance of charge is supplied by hydrogen bonds.
1890 Abney Treat. Photogr. (ed. 6) 24It. .produces *hydroiodic acid (HI).
1883 A. E. Seaton Man. MarineEngin. xx. 376 (heading)Weir's *hydrokineter.
Ibid. 377There are many other ways of promoting the circulation when steam is up, but none do this so efficiently during the time of raising steam as the hydrokineter.
1951 Engineering 20 Apr. 483/3 Surplus steam from the waste-heat boiler will be used..to keep the Scotch boilers warm and ready for service, Weir hydrokineters being fitted to the Scotch boilers to maintain a circulation.
1955 M. Hollander tr. Kuenen's Realms of Water v. 220 (caption)*Hydro⁓laccolith or hummock caused when ground-water under artesian pressure is checked by formation of layers of ice.
1961 L. D. Stamp Gloss. Geogr. Terms 244/2The pingos in East Greenland but not those in the Mackenzie delta are hydrolaccoliths.
1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 845/2The genetic term hydrolaccolith, which applies to all ice-intrusions, is not just synonymous with pingo.
1970 E. Watson tr. Tricart'sGeomorphol. Cold Environments ii. i. 78These ice masses and the hills which they raise are called hydrolaccoliths.
1963 D. W. & E. E. Humphries tr. Termier's Erosion & Sedimentation 412An arctic soil phenomenon..formed in the permafrost by a hydrolaccolithic process.
1843 Portlock Geol. 221*Hydrolite occurs in abundance at Island Magee, in beautifully marked crystals.
1837 Dana Min. 199*Hydromagnesite..occurs in crusts; also as a white powder.
1888 Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 745There are two principal types of the Hydroid. One, the *Hydromedusan or Craspedote type, consists typically of an oral and stomachal region (hydrocephalis), with or without tentacles, borne upon a peduncle (hydrocope).
1890 Webster, *Hydrometallurgical.
1929 Encycl. Brit. VI. 406/1Hydro-metallurgical treatment..is eminently suited for low grade ores.
1959 J. Newton ExtractiveMetall. vii. 436Hydrometallurgical methods are widely employed today in the treatment of low-grade oxidized uranium ores.
1879 Rutley Study Rocks xii. 208To admit for granite what may be called *hydro-metamorphic origin.
Ibid. ,*Hydro-metamorphism, by which rocks, originally fused, and when in liquid fusion, poured into veins and dykes in pre-existing rocks, are subsequently altered in specific gravity and arrangement of minerals, by the action of water.
1857 J. P. Nichol Cycl. Phys. Sci. ,*Hydrometeors. The whole aqueous phenomena of the Atmosphere... The chief specific Hydrometeors, viz. Clouds, Dew, Fogs, Snow, and Rain.
1885 C. H. Hitchcock in Amer. Jrnl. Sc. Oct. 282*Hydromicaceous and argillaceous schists.
1938 M. Baldwin et al. inU.S. Dept. Agric. Yearbk. 991The terms ‘halomorphic’, ‘*hydromorphic’, and ‘calomorphic’ are not entirely satisfactory, since soil genetics rather than soil characteristics are implied.
1970 E. M. Bridges World Soils iii. 25/1These poorly drained or hydromorphic soils frequently occur in the lower parts of the landscape.
1927 Russian Pedol. Investigations v. 26 Recently a single group has been formed which is..known by the name..of ‘*hydromorphous’ soils (Neustruev).
1932 G. W. Robinson Soils xv. 301Hydromorphous processes are those which take place under the influence of ground⁓water.
1886 Sci. Amer. 24 July 47/1The little vessel supplied with the *hydromotor met with a fair degree of success.
1889 A. Johnstone in Q.Jrnl. Geol. Soc. XLV. 364Margarodite, gilbertite, damourite, and sericite are mineralogists' names for varieties possessing the same composition as muscovite, differing from the latter mineral merely in containing at least about 5 per cent. of water. All of these varieties..ought to be known under one term. The common name proposed for them by the Author is *hydromuscovite.
1966 W. A. Deer et al.Introd. Rock-FormingMin. 202Hydromuscovites have high H2O and low K2O content.
1866–80 A. Flint Princ. Med. (ed. 5) 716A tumor, consisting of the serous accumulation with its enveloping membranes (*hydromyelocele), protrudes through the fissure, most frequently in the sacral or dorsal regions.
Ibid. 759Dilatation of the central canal is called *hydromyelus, and is generally congenital.
1826 Henry Elem. Chem. I. 328*Hydro-nitric acid is perfectly limpid and colourless, and emits white fumes when exposed to the air.
1872 Peaslee Ovar. Tumours 28‘Ovarian dropsy’, or ‘*hydro-ovarium’.
1826 Henry Elem. Chem. II. 25There appear to be two hydrates or *hydro-oxides.
1834 Medwin Angler in Wales I. 95Vermicular monsters exhibited in the *hydro-oxygen microscope.
1838 Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. I. 14Platinum fused by his hydro-oxygen blowpipe.
1854 J. Scoffern in Orr'sCirc. Sc. ,Chem. 298Gurney's hydro-oxygen blowpipe is made in conformity.
1730–6 Bailey (folio), *Hydroparastates, a Sect; a Branch of the Manichees, whose distinguishing Tenet was, That Water should be used in the Sacrament instead of Wine.
1853 M. Kelly tr. Gosselin's Power Pope Mid. Ages I. 79Manicheans who disguised themselves under the names of Encratides, Saccophori, and Hydroparastates.
1834 J. Forbes Laennec'sDis. Chest (ed. 4) 537The lower extremities are œdematous... The same state exists in the serous membranes, whence arise ascites, hydrothorax, and *hydropericardium.
1877 Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) II. 36Hydropericardium generally follows hydrothorax.
1866–80 A. Flint Princ. Med. (ed. 5) 596The term *hydro-peritoneum or ascites denotes peritoneal dropsy.
1864 Webster, *Hydrophid, a species of ophidian, including the water-snake.
1899 D. Sharp in Cambr. Nat. Hist. VI. v. 219The pupae of *Hydrophilides repose on the dorsal surface.
1958 F. Balfour-Browne Brit. Water Beetles III. 3The mandibles of Hydrophilus also differ from..those of all our other Hydrophilids.
1964 R. M. & J. W. Fox Introd. Compar. Ent. iii. 73The hindleg of the hydrophilid beetle is provided with a fringe of hairs.
1873 Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 826*Hydrophthalic Acid is produced by the action of nascent hydrogen on phthalic acid.
1861 J. R. Greene Man. Anim. Kingd. , Cœlent. 101Groups of organs became detached from the cœnosarc, each group consisting of a *hydrophyllium, polypites, tentacles, and gonophores.
1753 Chambers Cycl. Supp.,*Hydrophysocele, a term used by some authors for a sort of hernia, or rupture, occasioned by a mixture of water and flatulencies.
1927 J. G. Tarboux Electr. PowerEquipm. ii. 31High-voltage transmission lines must be used to connect the *hydro plant to the load center.
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. &Technol. XIV. 399/2Installed capacity of hydroplants cannot be counted upon for perpetuity because of the gradual filling of reservoirs with sediment.
1878 Lawrence tr. Cotta's RocksClass. 380Plutonic processes do not exclude the combined action of water as an auxiliary agent; and thus may deserve the name of *Hydroplutonic.
1876 Harley Mat.Med. (ed. 6) 316*Hydropotassic Oxalate is the form in which oxalic acid exists in the acid species of Oxalis, Rumex, Rheum, Geranium . [ etc.]
1866 Blackmore C. Nowell li,A sail which they wetted with a *hydro⁓pult.
1879 W. L. Lindsay Mind in LowerAnim. 462The elephant makes a similar use of his trunk as a syringe or hydropult, and of water as a projectile.
1866 Blackmore C. Nowell lxiii,He had not acquired the delightful *hydro⁓pultic art, so dear to the nation.
1866–80 A. Flint Princ. Med. (ed. 5) 716Extensive serous accumulation within the spinal canal is called *hydrorrachis.
1886 Syd. Soc. Lex. ,*Hydrorenal distension, same as Hydronephrosis.
1861 J. R. Greene Man. Anim. Kingd. , Cœlent. 29In Hydra, and a few of the simpler forms of Corynidæ, the proximal end of the polypite is closed by the *hydrorhiza.
1870 Rolleston Anim. Life 253The animal is..attached by its hydrorhiza to a piece of weed.
1887 Lancet 11 June 1200/2 Dr. Schlesinger concludes that in *hydrosalpinx, or hæmatosalpinx, laparotomy is the only..resource.
1767 Phil. Trans. LVII. 293An Account of an Hydro-enterocele, appearing like an *Hydro-sarcocele.
1854 J. Scoffern in Orr'sCirc. Sc. ,Chem. 354So does *hydroselenic acid afford parallel results.
1826 Henry Elem. Chem. I. 449A *hydro-selenuret of potassa of a deep ale colour.
1926 Tansley & Chipp Study of Vegetation ii. 19The earlier stages of a prisere are altogether different, according to whether the succession begins on a wet or a dry habitat... Such successions may be conveniently called *hydroseres and xeroseres respectively.
1952 P. W. Richards Tropical Rain Forest Xiii. 283During the course of the hydrosere there is a gradual change from open water to relatively dry conditions.
1967 C. D. Sculthorpe Biol. Aquatic Vasc. Plants xii. 417In the ultimate stages of the hydroseres plant debris is less and less completely decomposed.
1850 Daubeny Atom. The. xii. 409The silicates that contain water may be divided, into those in which the water is simply united to the silicic combination..called *hydrosilicates.
1952 Jrnl. R.Aeronaut. Soc. LVI. 334/2Somewhat allied to the hydrofoil is the *hydro-ski. These obtain their lift from the water pressure on their lower surface in a similar manner to the planing lift of the boat planing bottom. [ flying]
1954 Flight 17 Sept. 433 The Sea Dart hydro-ski fighter..which is land-based, but which uses water (or snow or ice) for take-off and landing.
1960 K. C. Barnaby Basic NavalArchit. (ed. 3) 448Modifications of the submerged type consist in replacing the forward hydrofoils by partly submerged planing surfaces or ‘hydroskis’.
1964 Adv. Hydro-science I. 2The use of acoustic energy to perform all those functions in *hydrospace for which electromagnetic energy is employed in aerospace.
1966 New Scientist 22 Dec. 691/1 Other categories of plot include a growing preoccupation with ‘inner space’ or ‘hydrospace’. [ in science fiction]
1890 H. Ellis Criminal iii. 122With the sphygmograph (or, rather the *hydrosphygmograph) he observed the degree of excitement produced on various individuals.
1869 E. Billings in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. XCVIII. 76In order to avoid the use of double terms, I propose to call them ‘*hydrospires’.
Ibid. 77In Caryocrinus ornatus there are thirty hydrospires.
1888 Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 577 (Class Blastoidea),The pores lead to a cleft (*hydrospire cleft)..and the cleft in its turn to an underlying hydrospire canal, into which open a system of interradial lamellar tubes, the hydrospires.
Ibid. 578The genital ducts probably opened into some portion of the hydrospires.
1879 Rutley Study Rocks xiii. 270To them..may be added chromic iron. .*hydrotalcite, native copper, copper pyrites.
1893 Times 6 Oct., The most famous *hydrotechnic authorities of our time have found no other method of overcoming the obstruction to navigation caused by the Iron Gate than the identical one adopted by the Romans.
1847 Craig, *Hydrotellurates, a genus of salts.
1864 Webster, *Hydrotelluric.
1873 Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 215Hydrotelluric acid is a gas, resembling sulphuretted and selenietted hydrogen.
1872 Nicholson Palæont. 77Polypites are also protected within ‘*hydrothecæ’, or little cup-like expansions derived from the polypary.
1877 Huxley Anat. Inv. Anim. iii. 129A hard, chitinous, cuticular skeleton..which frequently gives rise to hydrothecae, into which the hydranths can be retracted.
1876 tr. Wagner'sGen. Pathol. 576*Hydrothionæmia..consists in the entrance into the blood of sulphuretted hydrogen.
1807 T. Thomson Chem. (ed. 3) II. 328The Germans have given it the name of *hydrothionic acid. [ sulphuretted hydrogen]
1913 Mineral. Mag. XVI. 362*Hydro⁓troilite.
1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. xi. 723The rather poorly characterized ferrous sulfide of lake sediments, supposedly FeS, has received the name hydro⁓troilite.
1940 Kerr & Young in Program &Abstr. 21stAnn. MeetingMin. Soc. Amer. 9Since this mineral appears to be an intermediate product in the alteration of ferberite to tungstite and since it resembles tungstite in many of its physical properties, the name *hydrotungstite is suggested.
1963 Amer. Mineralogist XLVIII. 935A similarity between the x-ray patterns for hydrotungstite (tungstic acid, H2WO4.H2O) and molybdic acid (H2MoO4.H2O).
1955 Deep-Sea Research III. ( Suppl. ) 170A jelly bottle..will remain uncongealed long enough to permit slope determinations to be made of *hydrowires.
1969 R. Lange Chem. Oceanogr. v. 80The sampler is attached to the hydrowire with a screw clamp and a snap clamp.
1971 N. Smith Hist. Dams i. 7The ‘two rivers’ of Mesopotamia were harnessed for dam-based irrigation at a very early date. Little or nothing has survived of these pioneer schemes in their original form, but traces are believed to exist as part of the *hydro-engineering of later societies.
1987 Nature 26 Mar. 325/2 Tadjikstan is a highly seismic area, and the construction of major hydroengineering works requires special consideration.
1940 N.Y. Times 17 Mar. 12/4Dr. William Behnam Snow, consulting director of the physical therapy department, is the designer of the new tank, which has *hydro-massage turbines to churn the water.
2000 Times 6 Oct. (Ski 2001 Suppl. ) 15/4At the Grand-Hotel Hof Ragaz's spa guests can receive a seaweed-and-sand body rub to aid circulation followed by a toxin-loosing algae wrap and a hydromassage.
hydro-
before vowels hydr-, word-forming element meaning "water," from Greek hydro-, comb. form of hydor "water" (see water, n.1). Also sometimes a comb. form of hydrogen.
ORIGIN: Greek hudro- combining form of hudōr water: see -o- . In senses 3 & 4 partly from the definientia, which are themselves from Greek hudro- .
hydro- ⇒ Main Entry: -o-
☞ hydro
hydro-
\in pronunciations below | ̷ ̷ ̷ ̷.|hī(ˌ)drō or -_drə\
— see hydr-
— see hydr-
hydro-hydr- (before a vowel)
Prefix
- water
- chemistry hydrogen
- mineralogy a hydrous compound
- zoology Hydrozoa
Etymology
From Ancient Greek ὑδρο- (hudro-), from ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”)
Derived terms
English words prefixed with hydro-
terms derived from hydro- relating to water
terms derived from hydro- and hydr- in chemistry
terms derived from hydro- and hydr- in mineralogy
terms derived from hydro- and hydr- in zoology