-wise
suff.（后缀）
语源
用法
suff.（后缀）
- In a specified manner, direction, or position:
在特定的方式、方向或位置上：
clockwise.
顺时针方向 - Usage Problem With reference to; in regard to:
【用法疑难】 与…有关，关于：
profitwise.
在收益方面
语源
- Middle English
中古英语 - from Old English -wīsan
源自 古英语 -wīsan - from -wīse [manner] * see wise 2
源自 -wīse [方式] *参见 wise2
用法
- The suffix-wise has a long history of use to mean “in the manner or direction of,” as in clockwise, otherwise, and slantwise. Since the 1930's, however, the suffix has been widely used in the vaguer sense of “with reference to,” as inThis has not been a good year saleswise. Taxwise, it is an unattractive arrangement. From their introduction, these usages were associated with the more informal prose of the newsmagazines,and 50 years later the usages still show no sign of achieving critical respectability.In an earlier survey the examples cited were unacceptable to the large majority of the Usage Panel.The suffix may save a few syllables,but in most writing there is no alternative to paraphrases such asThis has not been a good year with respect to sales. As far as taxes are concerned, it is an unattractive arrangement.
后缀-wise 用来表示“以…方式，以…方向”已有很长的历史，如 clockwise ，otherwise 和 slantwise 。 然而从20世纪30年代以来，这个后缀含糊地表示“关于”的意义被广泛地应用起来，如在销售方面今年不好。 在税收方面看，这不是个吸引人的安排。 从引入以来，这些用法一直与比较不正式的新闻杂志的散文体联系在一起，五十年过去了，这种用法仍未有得到批评界尊重的迹象。早些时候，上面引用的例子对于大多数用法专题使用小组成员来说是不可接受的。这个后缀可节省好几个音节，但在大多数写作中，还是要把句子写成：在销售方面今年不好。在税收方面看，这不是个吸引人的安排。
-wise
combining form in adverb
Also: -ways. indicating direction or manner
⇒
clockwise
⇒
likewise
with reference to
⇒
profitwise
⇒
businesswise
Origin
Old English -wisan; see wise2-wise
1
a suffixal use of wise2. in adverbs denoting manner, position, direction, reference, etc.:
counterclockwise; edgewise; marketwise; timewise.
Compare -ways.
Usage note
The suffix -wise is old in the language in adverbs referring to manner, direction, etc.: crosswise; lengthwise. Coinages like marketwise, saleswise, and weatherwise are often criticized, perhaps because of their association with the media: Otherwise—or moneywise, as they were already saying in the motion-picture industry—Hollywood was at the crest of its supercolossal glory. This suffix should not be confused with the adjective wise1, which appears in such compound words as streetwise and worldly-wise.
Related Words
- barwise
- clockwise
- coastwise
- contrariwise
- cornerwise
- crabwise
-wisea suffixal use of wise2 in adverbs denoting:
1. attitude or direction: ◆ lengthwise; ◆ clockwise. See -ways.
2. with reference to; in respect of: ◆ moneywise.
-wise
adverb combining form
a. in the manner of
crabwise
fanwise
b. in the position or direction of
slantwise
clockwise
2. with regard to : in respect of
dollarwise
adverb combining form
ETYMOLOGY Middle English, from Old English -wīsan, from wīse manner
1.a. in the manner of
crabwise
fanwise
b. in the position or direction of
slantwise
clockwise
2. with regard to : in respect of
dollarwise
-wise
suffix
- forming adjectives and adverbs of manner or respect such as clockwise, otherwise. Compare with
-WAYS .［构成形容词和副词的后缀, 如clockwise, otherwise 等］表示“样子”, “位置”, “方向”。比较-WAYS 。
- ■ informal with respect to; concerning〈非正式〉表示“在…方面”; “关于”：
-
security-wise, there are few problems.
关于安全, 几乎没有问题。
USAGEIn modern English the suffix -wise is attached to nouns to form a sentence adverb meaning 'concerning or with respect to'， as in confidence-wise, tax-wise, price-wise, time-wise, news-wise, and culture-wise. The suffix is very productive and widely used in modern English but most of the words so formed are considered inelegant or not good English style.
词源
from WISE 2.
-wise
[Adverb] in the manner of, with regard to:
[Adverb] in the manner of, with regard to:
timewise, clockwise, bitwise
ORIGIN: from wise noun -ways
☞ wise
-wise
\ˌwīz\ adverb combining form
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English -wīsan, from wīse manner — more at wise I
1.
a. : in the manner of
< crabwise >
< fanwise >
b. : in the position or direction of
< endwise >
< slantwise >
< clockwise >
2. : with regard to : in respect of
< stylewise >
1.
a.
< crabwise >
< fanwise >
b.
< endwise >
< slantwise >
< clockwise >
2.
< stylewise >
-wise
Suffix
- in the direction or orientation of
- The gaoler slowly turned the key clockwise.
- in the manner of
- in the matter of; with regard to
- This morning is promising weather-wise.
Etymology
From Middle English -wis, from Old English -wīs (“-wise”), related to wīs (“manner, way, fashion”). More at wise (“way, manner”).
Derived terms
English words suffixed with -wise
Usage notes
Related terms
后缀：-wise [副词后缀]有的兼作形容词后缀
1、常与-ways通用，表示方向、方式、状态
crosswise 交叉地（的）
cornerwise 对角地，斜
endwise 末端朝前地
coastwise 沿海岸
lengthwise 纵长地
sidewise 斜向一边地（的）
2、也有不与-ways通用者
clockwise 顺时针方向
sunwise 顺日转方向
moneywise 在金钱方面
dropwise 一滴一滴地
contrariwise 相反地
likewise 同样地
otherwise 要不然，否则
crabwise 似蟹横行地
pairwise 成双成对地
stepwise 逐步的