indicating state, condition, action, process, or result
⇒election
⇒prohibition Compare-ation, -ion
Origin
from Old French, from Latin -tiō, -tiōn-
-tion
Word Origin
1
a suffix occurring in words of Latin origin, used to form abstract nouns from verbs or stems not identical with verbs, whether as expressing action (revolution; commendation), or a state (contrition; starvation), or associated meanings (relation; temptation).
Also, -ation, -cion, -ion, -sion, -xion.
Origin
< Latin-tiōn- (stem of -tiō), equivalent to -t(us) past participle suffix + -iōn- -ion
Related Words
-ation
-cion
-fication
-ion
-ition
-sion
-tiona composite suffix used to form abstract nouns consisting of the final consonant of participial and other stems, plus -ion, used to express an action (revolution, commendation), or a state (contrition, volition), or associated meanings (relation, temptation).
Also, -ation, -cion, -sion, -ion, -xion. [Latin -tio (from -t, past participle stem ending, + -io, noun suffix); also representing French -tion, German -tion, etc., from Latin]
-tion
/ʃən/
suffix
forming nouns of action, condition, etc. such as
［构成表动作或状况的名词, 如completion, relation］。
词源
from Latin participial stems ending in -t + -ION.
-tiona compound suffix, representing, often through Fr.-tion, OF.-cion, ME.-cio(u)n, L. -tio, -tiōn-em, consisting of -io, -ion-em added to the -t of a L. participial stem, as in rela-t-ion, comple-t-ion, frui-t-ion, muni-t-ion, protec-t-ion, deten-t-ion, op-t-ion: see -ation and -ion1. Rarer forms are -sion, -xion, as suspen-s-ion, infle-x-ion. The etymological meaning was primarily ‘the state or condition of being (what the pa.pple. imports)’, e.g. the condition of being related, completed, protected, detained, suspended, inflected, etc. But already in L. -tio was used for the action or process of relating, completing, suspending, etc., and also concretely or quasi-concretely, as in dictio, the condition of being said, the saying of something, a saying, a word; so nātio birth, a brood, a nation; ōrātio mode of speaking, an oration. In Eng. the most usual sense is that of a noun of action, equivalent to the native ending -ing1, and having also the kindred uses mentioned under the suffix.
-tion
syllable formed when the word-forming element -ion (from Latin -io) is fixed to a base or to another suffix ending in -t or -te.
-tion/ʃ(ə)n/suffix.
ORIGIN: Repr. (French-tion from) Old French-cion from Latin-tio(n-), combining with verb stems in -t: see -ation, -ion.
Forming nouns denoting (an instance of) action, or a resulting state or condition, as completion, protection, relation, etc.-tion ⇒ Main Entry: sh
-tion
suffix added to verbs to make nouns.
the act or process of _____ing: Addition = the act or process of adding.
the condition of being _____ed: Exhaustion = the condition of being exhausted.
the result of _____ing; thing that was _____ed: Reflection = the result of reflecting.
thing or process that is _____ing, as in affliction, attraction.
[< Latin -tiō,-ōnis < -t-, stem ending of past participle + -iō, a noun suffix; or alteration of Old French -cion < Latin -tiō]
-tion
-ion (as in complexion)
-sion
⠰⠝
IPA: /ʃən/
IPA: /tʃən/
Suffix
non-productive Used to form nouns meaning "the action of (a verb)" or "the result of (a verb)". Words ending in this suffix are almost always derived from a similar Latin word; a few (eg gumption) are not derived from Latin and are unrelated to any verb.
termination (terminate)
deletion (delete)
ignition (ignite)
motion (move)
resolution (resolve)
derivation (derive)
action (act)
justification (justify)
junction (join)
connection (connect); also, especially formerly, connexion
gumption (no related verb)
communication (communicate)
Etymology
From Middle English-cioun, Borrowing from Old French-tion, -cion, borrowed from the stem of Latin-tiō. The Middle English-cioun became -tion in Modern English under the influence of the Middle French -tion and original Latin spellings.
Derived terms
► English words suffixed with -tion
Related terms
-ation
-isation/-ization
See also
-al
-ing
-ure
后缀：-tion [名词后缀]
构成抽象名词，表示行为、行为的过程或结果、状态、情况，与-ion同
intervention 干涉，干预
attention 注意
convention 集会，会议
introduction 介绍，引进
production 生产
description 描写，描述
contention 竞争，斗争
reduction 减少，缩减
词根词缀：-tion
【来源及含义】Latin: a suffix forming nouns from verbs of condition and action; an act or process: resumption, absorption; state or condition, redemption, exhaustion; something resulting from or otherwise related to an act or process, assumption, friction
【相关描述】This unit is presenting a small fraction of the hundreds of words ending with the suffix of -tion; however, there is a significant number of words which may help everyone have a better understanding and appreciation of the use of this element.