spiro-
pref.（前缀）
语源
pref.（前缀）
- Respiration:
前缀，表示“呼吸”：
spirometer.
肺活量计
语源
- From Latin spīrāre [to breathe]
源自 拉丁语 spīrāre [呼吸]
spiro-1
combining form
indicating breath or respiration
⇒
spirograph
Origin
from Latin spīrāre to breathespiro-2
combining form
spiral; coil
⇒
spirochaete
Origin
from Latin spīra, from Greek speira a coilspiro-1
Word Origin
1
a combining form meaning “respiration,” used in the formation of compound words:
spirograph.
Origin
combining form of Latin spīrāre to breathe
spiro-2
1
a combining form meaning “coil,” “spiral,” used in the formation of compound words:
spirochete.
Origin
combining form of Latin spīra < Greek speîra coil
Related Words
- spirogyra
- spirochete
- spirograph
- spirometer
- spironolactone
spiro-I.
a word element referring to 'respiration', as in spirograph.
[combining form representing Latin spīrāre breathe]II.
a word element meaning 'coil', 'spiral', as in spirochaete.
[Greek speiro-, combining form of speira]spiro-1
combining form
1.
- spiral; in a spiral表示“螺旋（形的）”：
-
spirochaete.
2.
- Chemistry denoting a molecule with two rings with one atom common to both【化】表示“螺线”：
-
spironolactone.
词源
from Latin spira, Greek speira 'a coil'.
spiro-2
combining form
- relating to breathing表示“呼吸的”：
-
spirometer.
词源
formed irregularly from Latin spirare 'breathe'.
1876 tr. Wagner'sGen. Pathol. 93*Spirobacteria are distinguished from vibrio, by the closer and narrower, regular, permanent spiral of the filament.
1916 Jrnl. Exper. Med. XXIII. 377We discovered a *spirochætal microorganism which is now believed to be the cause . [ of Weil's disease]
1922 Encycl. Brit. XXXI. 906/1It is best described as spirochætal jaundice rather than by the older name of Weil's disease.
1969 Edington & Gilles Path. in Tropics vii. 298Leptospirosis is caused by infection with spirochaetal organisms.
1877 Huxley & Martin Elem. Biol. 29 *Spirochæte.Much like spirillum, but longer and with a much more closely rolled spiral.
1899 tr. Jaksch'sClin. Diagnosis vi. 206Mobile swarms are seen in the centre of the mass, while at its circumference appear the spirochæte-like bodies.
1908 Practitioner Oct. 549 The treponema, or, as they are usually designated in this country, the spirochaetes.
1919 Chambers's Jrnl. June 415/2This organism belongs to the class known as spirochaetes, of which the spirochaete of syphilis and that of relapsing fever are other members.
1939 R. Campbell Flowering Rifle ii. 47The fierce spirochete.
1973 R. G. Krueger et al.Introd. Microbiol. iii. 59/1The order is subdivided into two families: Spirochaetaceae for the larger..spirochaetes, which are free-living or parasitic in shellfish; and Treponemataceae for spirochetes that are only about 0·2–0·3 µm in diameter and do not exceed 16 µm in length.
1913 Jrnl. Exper. Med. XVIII. 435 (heading)A study of the *spirochæticidal action of the serum of patients treated with Salvarsan.
1949 M. A. Jennings in H. W. Florey et al. Antibiotics II. xxxi. 1037Penicillin possessed some spirocheticidal activity.
1920 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 25 Dec. 1768/1The efficacy of..*spirocheticides in the so-called chemical prophylaxis of syphilis is limited to a period of not more than eight hours after the spirochete has had the opportunity of invading the healthy person.
1906 Jrnl. Hygiene VI. 580 (heading)*Spirochaetosis of mice due to Spirochaeta muris n.sp. in the blood.
1951 Whitby & Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 5) xxi. 350Spirochætes and fusiform bacilli of Vincent's type may be found in large numbers in various conditions, particularly of the lung, known as spirochætosis.
1981 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 21 Nov. 1362/1A review of 100 consecutive rectal biopsy specimens obtained from patients with rectal bleeding or diarrhoea showed that 10 had spirochaetosis.
1908 Chem. Abstr. II. 75 (heading)Spirocyclane.
Ibid. ,The term ‘spiro’ is applied by the author to systems of two cycloids, having only one carbon atom in common.
1909 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XCVI. i. 652The product, decomposed by cold water, yields the spirocyclane derivative.
1915 Ibid. CVII. ii 1080 (heading)The formation and stability of spiro-compounds.
1932 Proc. R.Soc. A. CXXXIV. 359The anhydrous crystals of racemic spiro-dihydantoin have a density of 1·94.
1960 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LXXXII. 5560/1According to the number of spiro atoms present, the compounds are distinguished as monospiro, dispiro, trispiro compounds etc.
1976 A. L. Ternay Contemp. Org. Chem. vii. 185A spiro compound results when two rings share one atom.
1978 Nature 5 Jan. 44/2 During irradiation of spiropyrans, in non-polar solvents dimer and charge-transfer complexes are formed.
1978 Further Perspectives Org. Chem. (CIBA) 40Evidence for the possible spiro intermediate would give enormous support and we are seeking it.
spiro-
word-forming element meaning "twisted, spiraled, whorled," from comb. form of Latin spira "a coil, twist," from Greek speira (see spiral, adj.).
ORIGIN: from Latin spira , Greek speira spire noun -o-
spiro-
I.combining form
Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary spir- (from Latin spirare to breathe) + -o- — more at spirit
: respiration
< spirometer >
II.
— see spir-
I.
< spirometer >
II.
— see spir-
spiro-
Prefix
- Forms terms related to spirals or helices
- medicine Forms terms related to respiration
- chemistry Forms terms related to spiro compounds