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词汇 -some
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-some 1
suff.（后缀）
  1. Characterized by a specified quality, condition, or action:
    以某种特定的性质、状况或行为特征的：
    bothersome.
    带来麻烦的

语源
  1. Middle English -som
    中古英语 -som
  2. from Old English -sum [-like] * see sem- 1
    源自 古英语 -sum [后缀-like，表示“…一般的”] *参见 sem- 1
-some 2
suff.（后缀）
  1. A group of a specified number of members:
    若干人一组：以特定数量的成为一组的：
    threesome.
    三人一组

语源
  1. Middle English -sum
    中古英语 -sum
  2. from Old English sum [some] * see some
    源自 古英语 sum [些许] *参见 some
-some 3
suff.（后缀）
  1. Body:
    体：
    centrosome.
    中心体
  2. Chromosome:
    染色体：
    monosome.
    单染色体

语源
  1. From Greek sōma [body] * see teuə-
    源自 希腊语 sōma [身体] *参见 teuə-

-some1

suffix forming adjectives

characterized by; tending to
⇒ awesome
⇒ tiresome

Origin

Old English -sum; related to Gothic -sama, German -sam

-some2

suffix forming nouns

indicating a group of a specified number of members
⇒ threesome

Origin

Old English sum, special use of some (determiner)

-some3 /-səʊm/

combining form in countable noun

a body
⇒ chromosome

Origin

from Greek sōma body

-some1

Word Origin
1
a native English suffix formerly used in the formation of adjectives:
quarrelsome; burdensome.
Origin
Middle English; Old English -sum; akin to Gothic -sama, German -sam; see same

-some2

1
a collective suffix used with numerals:
twosome; threesome.
Origin
Middle English -sum, Old English sum; special use of some (pronoun)

-some3

1
a combining form meaning “body,” used in the formation of compound words:
chromosome.
Also, -soma.
Origin
< Greek sôma body; see soma1

Related Words

  • ugsome
  • -soma
  • acrosome
  • adventuresome
  • autosome
  • awesome
-someI.
suffix found in some adjectives showing especially a tendency, as in quarrelsome, burdensome.
[Middle English; Old English -sum, related to German -sam]
II.
collective suffix used with numerals, as in twosome, threesome, foursome.
[special use of some]
III.
a word element meaning 'body', as in chromosome.
[see soma]
-some
I
adjective suffix
 ETYMOLOGY  Middle English -som, from Old English -sum; akin to Old High German -sam -some, Old English sum some
: characterized by a (specified) thing, quality, state, or action
    awesome
    burdensome
    cuddlesome

II
noun suffix
 ETYMOLOGY  Middle English (northern dialect) -sum, from Middle English sum, pronoun, one, some
: group of (so many) members and especially persons
    foursome

III
noun combining form
 ETYMOLOGY  New Latin -somat-, -soma, from Greek sōmat-, sōma
1. body
    chromosome
2. chromosome
    monosome
-some1
/səm/  
suffix
forming adjectives meaning ［构成形容词］
1.
productive of
表示“产生…的”：

loathsome.

2.
characterized by being
表示“有…特征的”：

wholesome.

■  apt to
表示“有…倾向的”; “易于…的”：

tiresome.

词源
Old English -sum.
-some3
/səʊm/  
combining form
denoting a portion of a body, especially a particle of a cell
表示“体（尤指细胞的粒子）”：

chromosome.

词源
from Greek sōma 'body'.
-some2
/səm/  
suffix
(forming nouns) denoting a group of a specified number
［构成名词］ 表示“…个一组”：

foursome.

词源
Old English sum 'some'.
▪ I.-somesuffix1, representing OE. -sum, = OFris. -sum, related by ablaut to OS. and OHG. -sam (G. -sam, Du. -zaam), ON. -samr (Sw. -sam, Da. -som), Goth. -sams, used in OE. to form adjs. from nouns and adjs., as friðsum peaceful, ᵹenyhtsum abundant, ánsum whole, langsum lasting, rarely from verbs, as hýrsum, héarsum obedient. A few of the OE. formations survived in early ME., but only two or three are now in use, as longsome, lovesome, winsome. In ME. a number of new examples appear, some of which soon became obsolete, as beisome, folȝsome, friendsome, lustsome, wlatsome, while others (chiefly dating from the 14th century) have remained current, as cumbersome, fulsome, gamesome, gladsome, handsome, lightsome, loathsome, noisome, wholesome. The early ME. buhsum, buxum is now represented by buxom, in which the suffix is disguised. In the 16th century appear awesome, brightsome, darksome, healthsome, heartsome, quarrelsome, and the unusual formation timorsome. Of later date are adventuresome, bothersome, fearsome, frightsome, lonesome, plaguesome, etc., and various nonce-formations as clipsome, cuddlesome, dabblesome, divertsome, some of which have a passive, others an active, sense.▪ II.-somesuffix2, representing OE. sum after numerals in the genitive plural: see some indef. pron. 3. In ME. the inflexion disappeared, and the pronoun was finally treated as a suffix to the numeral, chiefly with the simple numbers from two to ten; for the history of these see twosome, threesome, etc. Other examples are rare, and the some may be written as a separate word.In OS. and OFris. sum was similarly used with the gen. pl., as OS. fahora sum (one of a few), OFris. twira-, thrira-, fiuwerasum, etc.; the latter are still represented by WFris. tware-, trijere-, fjouweresom, etc.a1300Cursor M. 5233 Quen þai war gedir al to-gedir, Sex and sexti sum o liues Þai war.c1400Brut 236 And also he commandede..þat þai shulde bene put in tuenty⁓some and in hundredsome.c1470Henry Wallace ix. 440 Off Scottis men thai semblyt hastely Nyne hundyr sum off worthi chewalry.▪ III.-somesuffix3, later var. of -sum suffix, occurring in a few words, as whatsome, wheresome, whosome. Cf. somever.▪ IV.-some, suffix4f. Gr. σῶµα body; (a) used with this sense, as in ectosome s.v. ecto-, trophosome s.v. tropho-; (b) used to form words denoting an intracellular particle, as in acrosome, chromosome, lysosome; (c) used to repr. chromosome, as in disome, monosome 1.1921[see hexasome s.v. hexa-].
-some
1
word-forming element used in making adjectives from nouns or adjectives (and sometimes verbs) and meaning "tending to; causing; to a considerable degree," from Old English -sum, identical with som (see some). Cognate with Old Frisian -sum, German -sam, Old Norse -samr; also related to same.
2
suffix added to numerals meaning "a group of (that number)," as in twosome, from pronoun use of Old English sum "some" (see some). Originally a separate word used with the genitive plural (as in sixa sum "six-some"); the inflection disappeared in Middle English and the pronoun was absorbed. Use of some with a number meaning "approximately" also was in Old English.
3
word-forming element meaning "the body," Modern Latin, from Greek soma "the body" (see somato-).
1. suffix1 | 2. suffix2 | 3. suffix3
 1 
-some /s(ə)m/ suffix1. OE.
ORIGIN: Old English -sum = Old Frisian -sum rel. to Old Saxon, Old High German -sam (German -sam, Dutch -zaam), Old Norse -samr (Swedish -sam, Danish -som), Gothic -sams.
Forming adjectives from nouns, adjectives, and verbs, with the senses (a) characterized by being, as fulsome, lithesome, wholesome; (b) adapted to, productive of, as cuddlesome, fearsome, handsome; (c) apt to, as cumbersome, tiresome.
 2 
-some /in sense 1 s(ə)m, in sense 2 sʌm/ suffix2. OE.
ORIGIN: Old English sum some pronoun, used after numerals in genit. pl. In sense 2 from some adjective.
1.Forming nouns from numerals, with the sense ‘a group of (so many)’, as foursome, twosome, etc.
2.Affixed to numerals with the sense ‘about, approximately, or so’ (cf. some adjective 8). US.
G. Keillor Lake Wobegon babies are born in a hospital thirty-some miles away.
 3 
-some /səʊm/ suffix3.
ORIGIN: Greek sōma body.
Used in Biology to form nouns denoting a small body, esp. an intracellular particle, as chromosome, ribosome, etc. Freq. spec. repr. chromosome, as disome, monosome.
☞ some
-some
I. \_səm; when n immediately precedes, as in “winsome”, (t)səm\ adjective suffix
Etymology: Middle English -som, from Old English -sum; akin to Old Frisian -sum -some, Old High German -sam, Old Norse -samr, Gothic -sama -some, sama same — more at same
: characterized by a (specified) thing, quality, state, or action
 < awesome >
 < burdensome >
 < cuddlesome >
 < lonesome >
II. noun suffix
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English (northern dialect) -sum, from Middle English sum, som, pron., one, a certain one, some, from Old English sum, pron., one, a certain one, some, one of a group of (so many) members (in such expressions as syxa sum one of a group of six members) — more at some
: group of (so many) members and especially persons
 < foursome >
 < twosome >
III. \ˌsōm\ noun combining form
(-s)
Etymology: New Latin -somat-, -soma -soma — more at -soma
1. : -soma 2
 < chromosome >
 < trophosome >
 < ectosome >
2. : chromosome
 < monosome >
IV. adjective combining form
Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary, from New Latin soma body, from Greek sōma — more at -soma
: having (such) a body
 < eurysome >

-some 1

Suffix

  1. characterized by some specific condition or quality
    Example: troublesome

Etymology

From Middle English, from Old English -sum (“-some, same as”). Akin to Old Frisian -sum (“-some”), Old High German -sam (“-some”), Old Norse -samr (“-some”), Gothic -𐍃𐌰𐌼𐍃 (-sams), -𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰 (-sama). Cognate with Albanian -shëm (“-some”). More at same.

Derived terms

  • adventuresome
  • awesome
  • bendsome
  • bickersome
  • boresome
  • bothersome
  • burdensome
  • cloysome
  • cumbersome
  • darksome
  • deathsome
  • delightsome
  • devilsome
  • dolesome
  • fearsome
  • flavorsome
  • frolicsome
  • fulsome
  • gleesome
  • gruesome
  • handsome
  • irksome
  • laboursome
  • lightsome
  • likesome
  • lissome
  • lithesome
  • loathsome
  • lovesome
  • lonesome
  • meddlesome
  • mettlesome
  • nettlesome
  • noisome
  • pleasuresome
  • pranksome
  • quarrelsome
  • quietsome
  • tanglesome
  • tiresome
  • toilsome
  • troublesome
  • venturesome
  • wearisome
  • wholesome
  • winsome
  • worrisome
  • youthsome

    • -some 2

    Suffix

    1. Used to form a word indicating a group with a certain small number of members

    Etymology

    Middle English from a specialized note of Old English sum (“some, one”) coming after a genitive plural (e.g. hē wæs fēowertiga sum --"he was one of forty", literally "he was forties' some[one]"; sixa sum --"one of six, sixsome").

    Derived terms

  • eightsome
  • elevensome
  • fivesome
  • foursome
  • ninesome
  • onesome
  • sevensome
  • sixsome
  • tensome
  • threesome
  • twelvesome
  • twosome

    • -some 3

    Suffix

    1. a body

    Etymology

    From Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

    Derived terms

  • acrosome
  • azotosome
  • centrosome
  • cephalosome
  • connexosome
  • cytosome
  • endosome
  • eurysome
  • gonosome
  • hydrogenosome
  • leptosome
  • liposome
  • lysosome
  • melanosome
  • merosome
  • mesosome
  • metasome
  • mitosome
  • nucleosome
  • phagosome
  • rhabdosome
  • spliceosome
  • trypanosome
  • urosome

    • Related terms

  • prosoma
  • soma

    • See also

  • -ome

    • -some 4

    Suffix

    1. a chromosome

    Etymology

    From previous sense “body” (from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”)), by analogy with chromosome.

    Derived terms

  • allosome
  • autosome
  • hexasome
  • monosome
  • trisome

    • 后缀：-some [形容词后缀]

    表示充满...的，易于...的，产生...的，有...倾向的。具有...的，令...的

    gladsome 令人高兴的

    playsome 爱玩耍的

    laboursome 费力的

    troublesome 令人烦恼的

    toothsome 美味可口的

    venturesome 好冒险的

    awesome 可畏的

    wearisome 令人厌烦的

    darksome 阴暗的

    fearsome 可怕的

    burdensome 沉重的

    quarrelsome 好争吵的

    lonesome 孤独的

    bothersome 麻烦的

    gamesome 爱玩耍的

    tiresome 令人厌倦的
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    更新时间：2025/1/25 10:27:55