英语词汇-t的发音释义、词根词缀、结构分析、同源词、词频及词根记忆法-英语词根词缀词典

　

词汇	-t
词根词缀	Dictionary.com Macquarie NewOxfordEC OED SOED WBD Wiktionary -t 1 variant of -ed^1. used in forming the past tense or past participle of certain verbs, usually occurring when the final consonant of the stem is voiceless, a lateral, or a nasal and there is internal vowel change in the root: slept; felt; dreamt. -t1. a suffix forming the regular past tense or past participle of certain verbs, as in built, spent. 2. a suffix which alternates with -ed¹ in forming the past tense or past participle of certain verbs such as dreamt, spelt, and is regularly used for the participial adjective, as in burnt toast, spilt milk. [past tense: Middle English and Old English -te, -(e)de, Old English -ode; past participle: Middle English and Old English -t, -(e)d, Old English -od] -t¹ /t/ suffix equivalent to -ED² (as in crept, sent, spoilt). 相当于-ED² （如crept, sent, spoilt）。 -t² /t/ suffix equivalent to -EST² (as in shalt). 同-EST² （如shalt）。 ▪ I.-t, suffix¹formative of the pa. pple. in some weak verbs, for earlier -d and -ed (see -ed¹), due usually to the devocalization of d after a breath consonant, as in nipped, nip'd, nipt. In some verbs the use of t for -ed goes back to OTeut., esp. in app. contracted or irregular verbs, as bought, brought, might, thought, wrought (Goth. bauht, brâht, maht, þâht, waurht); in others it appears in WGer., as sought (Goth. sôkid, OS. and OE. sôht); in others only in OE. as laught (læht), taught (tæht, taht). But in the majority of cases the t is of later appearance, arising from the reduction of -ed to -'d, -d in Middle or Mod. Engl., with consequent devocalization of d, not only after breath consonants, as in dropt, nipt, crept, slept, swept, left, lost, tost, past, but, in certain cases, after liquids and nasals, as in felt, spelt, spilt, dreamt, burnt, meant, pent; also in contracted formations, such as built, bent, lent, sent, spent, girt, cast. But in many words where the pronunciation has t, the current spelling is -ed, e.g. blessed, dropped, hushed, passed for blest, dropt, husht, past. See the article -ed suffix¹.▪ II.-t, suffix²formative of the pa. tense of some weak verbs, for earlier -te, -de, -ede (:—da, -ida, -eda). Parallel in formation to the prec., and generally going along with it in ME., and identical in form in mod.E.; but in OE. a pa. tense in -te was sometimes used where the pa. pple. retained the fuller -ed, as in cyssan to kiss, cyste, cyssed, settan to set, sette, seted (and sett). In mod.Eng. on the contrary the spelling in t is more frequent in the pa. pple., esp. when used adjectivally, than in the pa. tense: cf. tempest-tost, the wind tossed the ship; in time past, he passed his time. In some cases even the form in -ed is a mere modern fashion of spelling, at variance with both the pronunciation and the history; thus, kissed was in OS. kusta, OE. cyste, ME. kist, as actually pronounced; it has come to be spelt kissed, because in other verbs -ed is pronounced -t.▪ III.-t, suffix³A formative of ns.a. from verbs, going back to OTeut., and answering variously to the Indo-Eur. suffixes -tos, -tā, -tis, -tus, the t of which remained in Teutonic, when preceded by a guttural, labial, or s; e.g. draught, drift, flight, frost, gift, heft, might, plight, shaft, shrift, slaught, thirst, thought, thrift, weft, etc. (in some of which the formation is later and imitative). In a few cases the t is a later Eng. change of -þ after h, ȝ, as in sight (OE. siehþ), in which þ normally represented Indo-Eur. t. See -th¹.b. from adjs. (or ns.), changed from earlier -þ, -th (in length, etc.) after h, ȝ, as height (Goth. hauhiþa, OE. híehþo, ME. heiȝþe, highth); sleight (ON. slægþ, ME. sleiȝþe); theft (OE. þiefþ, ME. þiefþe); dreight (for dreighth, from dreiȝ, dree): here the suffix was OTeut. -iþô: -iðô: Indo-Eur. -tā. See -th¹. Also dought (OE. duᵹuþ:—dugunþ), drought* (OE. drûᵹuþ, Sc. drouth), where the OE. suffix -uþ was for -unþ:—Indo-Eur. -ntis. 1. suffix¹ \| 2. suffix² \| 3. suffix³ 1 -t /t/ suffix¹ (not productive). OE. ORIGIN: Old English from Germanic, ult. of same origin as -th¹. Forming abstract nouns from verbs after (orig.) velar, labial, or sibilant consonants, as draught, drift, haft, might, thirst. 2 -t /t/ suffix² (not productive).Later var. of -th¹ after a fricative as in drought, height, sleight, theft. 3 -t /t/ suffix³. ORIGIN: Var. of -ed¹. Forming the pa. t. & pple of some weak verbs, esp. after a voiceless consonant other than /t/ (see -ed¹), or as a contr. of -ded, -ed after l, m, n, r (as in girt, sent, spilt). In some verbs existing as a parallel form to -ed, sometimes with difference of use, as leaned and leant, roasted and roast, spoiled and spoilt. ☞ t -t¹ Suffix Forms the past tense and/or past participle of some verbs (leapt, kept, dreamt, etc) Etymology From Middle English -te (“preterite ending”), -t (“past participle ending”), from Old English -de (“first and third person preterite ending”), -d (“past participle ending”), from Proto-Germanic -id- (“preterite stem ending of class 1 weak verbs”) and Proto-Germanic -idaz (“past participle ending of class 1 weak verbs”). Usage notes Some verbs have both an -ed and a -t form. The -t form has become obsolete for many verbs, e.g. toucht. Derived terms abasht abolisht absorpt accomplisht accurst admonisht addrest advanc’t ambusht anguisht annext approacht askt astonisht attacht attackt avoucht banisht bent begat begot belcht bereft beset besought besprent bethought bit bleacht blemisht blent blest blockt blusht bornt bought brandisht brought brusht built burnisht burnt bynempt caught ceast checkt cherisht clasht cleft chirpt clapt clept clipt comprest condenst confest contradistinguisht crasht crept cropt crusht curst danc’t daunc’t dealt deckt deduc’t demolisht denounc’t deprest developt deduc’t demolisht denounc’t deprest developt digrest diminisht dipt disestablisht dislik’t dismist dispenst dispossest disrelisht distinguisht dreamt drest drencht dript dropt dwelt eclipst embellisht embost empoverisht encampt encreast encroacht enforc’t enravisht equipt escapt escap’t experienc’t exprest extinguisht felt finisht fixt flapt flasht flipt flourisht flusht frusht forc’t forwent furbisht furnisht gallopt garnisht gaspt gilt glanc’t gnasht grac’t gript gusht hackt hatcht heapt heft helpt hitcht hoist husht immesht imprest impresst increast infixt inforc’t intermixt intrencht invok’t jilt kept kickt kilt kist knockt languisht lasht lavisht leant learnt left lent leapt lickt lik’t lost markt maskt matcht meant misspelt misst minisht mixt mockt nourisht opprest outstretcht parcht pent perisht perplext pierc’t pisst pitcht plac’t pluckt polisht possest preacht prefixt prest produc’t progrest provok’t publisht pult puncht punisht pusht quencht rankt rapt raught reacht rebuilt reduc’t reestablisht refresht reft regrest releast relisht rent replenisht represt repulst revok’t ript rusht scorcht searcht seduc’t sent skirmisht slapt slasht slept slipt slit smasht smelt snapt snatcht soakt sought spelt spent spilt splasht spoilt stablisht stept stopt stoopt strest stretcht suckt supprest swept talkt tapt tarnisht taught thought tipt toucht transfixt transgrest turnt unblest unbuilt unburnt uncropt uncurst undevelopt undipt undreamt undrest unexprest unimprest unlearnt unmaskt unmixt unopprest unpunisht unreprest unspilt unspoilt unstopt unstrest unsupprest unvanquisht unworshipt unwrapt vanisht vanquisht varnisht vext voucht walkt washt watcht weft went wept wisht wist wistest worshipt wrapt wrought yclept yelpt Related terms -ed -t² Suffix An excrescent ending appended to words suffixed with -s. against, amidst, amongst, betwixt, whilst Etymology Probably resulting from -s + the, or various other words beginning with th-, t-. Usage notes As with -st, when there is a shorter synonymous word (as in between/betwixt), the form with -t is generally considered more formal, old-fashioned, affected, and British. Derived terms -st
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更新时间：2025/3/14 10:19:20