nor-
pref.（前缀）
语源
pref.（前缀）
- An unaltered parent compound:
去，降：
norepinephrine.
去甲肾上腺素
语源
- Short for normal
normal的简写
nor-
combining form
indicating that a chemical compound is derived from a specified compound by removal of a group or groups
⇒
noradrenaline
indicating that a chemical compound is a normal isomer of a specified compound
Origin
by shortening from normalnor-
Word Origin
1
a combining form used in the names of chemical compounds which are the normal or parent forms of the compound denoted by the base words:
l-norepinephrine.
Origin
short for normal
Related Words
- ipratropium bromide
- nalorphine
- noradrenaline
- norepinephrine
- norethynodrel
- norgestrel
nor-Chemistry
1. a word element implying that a compound is a normal isomer of another.
2. a word element implying that a compound derives from another, in particular by the removal of part of it, as in noradrenaline
[shortened form of normal]nor-
combining form
norepinephrine
combining form
ETYMOLOGY normal
: homologue containing one less methyl groupnorepinephrine
nor-
prefix
- Chemistry denoting an organic compound derived from another, in particular by the shortening of a chain or ring by the removal of one methylene group or by the replacement of one or more methyl side chains by hydrogen atoms【化】表示“正”, “降”：
-
noradrenaline.
词源
from nor（mal）.
1952 Chem. &Engin. News 3 Mar. 930/3Corresponding to these six types are the four-parent ring systems northujane.., norcarane.., norpinane..and norbornane. [ of bicyclic compounds]
1962 E. L. Eliel Stereochem. Carbon Compounds x. 302Norbornane, despite its easy accessibility, is an appreciably strained system.
1974 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. : PerkinTrans. II 322 (heading)Inhibition of ring expansion reactions in the norbornane system by neighbouring methyl groups.
[ 1919Chem. Abstr. XIII. 991Schiff's norguaiaretic acid is shown to be norhydroguaiaretic acid. ]
1944 Oil & Soap XXI. 33/1 An investigation was made of the antioxydant properties of nordihydroguaiaretic acid.
1945 Jrnl. Amer. Pharm. Assoc. (Sci. Ed. ) XXXIV. 81/1One, if not the most active, of the bactericidal agents present in Larrea divaricata Cav. has been characterized as nordihydroguaiaretic acid. [ the shrub]
1956 M. K. Schwitzer Margarine & Other Food Fats viii. 323Nordihydroguaiaretic acid..was permitted to be used in the United States in December, 1943 at the rate of 0·01 per cent. The antioxidant effect is very marked in animal fats... It is less effective in vegetable fats.
1971 P. Tooley Fats, Oils & Waxes iv. 125Oxidation can cause serious deterioration in a lipstick producing unpleasant rancid odours and taste... This can be largely prevented by the use of antioxidants such as..nordihydroguaiaretic acid.
1929 Chem. Abstr. XXIII. 2431Reduction of PhCH(OH)CH(NO2)Me with Zn dust and dil. H2SO4 gave norephedrine..and nor-ψ-ephedrine.
1943 Jrnl. Lab. &Clin. Med. XXVIII. 704Norephedrine and pseudonorephedrine together constitute propadrine, of which the commercial preparation contains also a small amount of ammonium chloride.
1973 Biochem. Jrnl. CXXXVI. 769/1Norephedrine is extensively metabolized in the rabbit but not in man.
1956 Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. &Med. XCI. 419/2,10 mg nor-ethisterone given twice daily represents a reproducibly effective dose in women for the production of marked progestational changes.
1964 Norethisterone . [ see ethinylœstradiol]
1973 Nature 10 Aug. 351/1 If inferences can be drawn from this preliminary study using mouse foetal hearts, it would seem that the concentration of norethisterone acetate in the pill should be kept to a minimum.
1927 Chem. Abstr. XXI. 3905 (heading)β-Pyridyl-α-pyrrolidine (nornicotine).
1936 Jrnl. Econ. Entomol. XXIX. 854Macht & Davis..observed that β-nornicotine was more toxic for certain vertebrates..than natural nicotine.
1951 A. Grollman Pharmacol. & Therapeutics xv. 281Nornicotine, which has similar actions to nicotine, lacks only the CH3 group in the pyrrolidine nucleus.
1968 Larson & Silvette TobaccoSuppl. I. 682/1Nornicotine inhibited development of the chick-embryo, and was even more potent than nicotine in causing hydrops.
1952 Norsynephrine . [ see octopamine]
1952 Ricerca Sci. XXII. 1576Sympatho⁓mimetic amines (tyramine, norsynephrine, adrenaline, noradrenaline).
1960 Biochim. & Biophys. Acta XLIII. 568 The enzyme responsible for norsynephrin formation is dopamine β-oxidase.
1950 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 367This βγ-unsaturated ketone has now been isomerised..to the αβ-unsaturated ketone.., which is a 10-nortestosterone.
1955 H. Hirschmann Hormones III. xi. 54419-Nortestosterone on the other hand, is inferior to testosterone as an androgen but equal to it in its myotrophic..effect.
1973 Jrnl. Appl. Physiol. XXXV. 378/2Nortestosterone esters are more potent than testosterone in their capacity to stimulate erythropoietic activity in mice.
1927 Chem. Abstr. XXI. 590Oxidation of I by CrO3 in AcOH yielded the next lower homolog, norcholanic acid. [ sc. cholanic acid]
1958 C. W. Shoppee Chem. Steroids iv. 192Similar reactions have been carried out in the norcholanic acid..series.
1909 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XCV. 1170Our experiments have, however, shown that this ring, in norpinic acid, exhibits quite unusual stability.
1932 J. L. Simonsen Terpenes II. iii. 129By the action of dilute hydrochloric acid at 180° , an equilibrium mixture of cis- and trans-norpinic acids is obtained. [ on the cis-isomer]
1960 A. R. Pinder Chem. of Terpenes v. 91The molecular formula and properties of norpinic acid suggested it was derived from cyclobutane.
1913 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. CIV. i. 1049The acid, for which the name norleucine is proposed, has been combined with glycine and leucylglycine to form polypeptides.
1932 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. XCVII. 342Norleucine has been isolated from spinal cord protein.
1961 D. M. Greenberg Metabolic Pathways II. xiv. 111Norleucine is readily oxidized to CO2 in the intact animal.
1971 Nomencl. Org. Chem. (I.U.P.A.C.) (ed. 2) C. 42 193 (table)Norleucine..Norvaline. Use of ‘nor’ in these names to denote a ‘normal’ (unbranched) chain conflicts with more recent usage. [ Note]
1921 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. CXX. i. 547dl-α-Amino-n-valeric acid,..to which the name norvaline is given, is prepared by the usual methods from n-valeric acid.
1933 Ann. Rev. Biochem. II. 73Further evidence of the occurrence of norvaline in proteins has been furnished by Abderhalden & Heyns..who report its occurrence in steer horn.
1969 Biochem. Jrnl. CXV. 621Kinetic studies of glutamate dehydrogenase were made with wide concentration ranges of the coenzymes NAD+ and NADP+ and the substrates glutamate and norvaline.
ORIGIN: from nor(mal
nor-
combining form
Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary, from normal (I)
1. : parent compound from which (a specified compound) may be regarded as derived (as by removal of side chains from a ring system) — especially in names of terpenes
< norbornane >
2. : compound of normal structure isomeric with the one to the name of which it is prefixed
< norleucine >
3. : homologue lower by one methylene group — especially in names of steroids and alkaloids
< norcholane >
< nornicotine >
1.
< norbornane >
2.
< norleucine >
3.
< norcholane >
< nornicotine >
nor-
Prefix
- organic chemistry a compound derived from another by removal of a radical, especially by removal of methyl or methylene
Etymology
An abbreviation of normal.[1]
Derived terms
English words prefixed with nor-
See also
References
- ^ J. H. Gaddum (2 June 1956), “The Prefix ‘Nor’ in Chemical Nomenclature”, in Nature, volume 177, issue 1046, DOI:10.1038/1771046b0.