tropho- 或 troph-
pref.（前缀）
语源
pref.（前缀）
- Nutrition; nutritive:
营养；营养的：
trophoblast.
胚胎滋养层
语源
- Greek
希腊语 - from trophē
源自 trophē - from trephein [to nourish]
源自 trephein [滋养]
tropho- or (before a vowel) troph-
combining form
indicating nourishment or nutrition
⇒
trophozoite
Origin
from Greek trophē food, from trephein to feedtropho-
Word Origin
1
a combining form meaning “nourishment,” used in the formation of compound words:
trophosome.
Also, especially before a vowel, troph-.
Origin
combining form of Greek trophḗ nourishment, food; akin to tréphein to feed, nourish
Related Words
- atrophy
- eutrophy
- trophic
- trophoblast
- trophosome
- trophozoite
tropho-a word element referring to nourishment, as in trophoplasm.
[Greek, combining form of trophē]tropho-
combining form
⇨ see troph-
combining form
⇨ see troph-
tropho-
combining form
- relating to nourishment表示“与营养有关的”：
-
trophoblast.
词源
from Greek trophē 'nourishment'.
1932 M. T. Harman Textbk. Embryol. vii. 134Supposedly the *troph-ectoderm produces an enzyme which digests the maternal tissue until the embryo is entirely imbedded.
1980 Nature 10 Apr. 550/2 It was recently found that the inner cell mass of the early blastocyst is also totipotent and can form trophectoderm when isolated by immunosurgery.
1978 Ibid. 7 Sept. 10/3The strange distribution of this determinant does not fit in with any preconceived notions of *trophectodermal formation or differentiation.
1913 E. Wasmann in Ann. Rep. SmithsonianInst. 1912 464We distinguish..*trophobionts or food-producing animals of the ant.
1978 R. J. Elzinga Fund. Entomol. vii. 173These trophobionts are protected by their hosts and are analogous to domestic cows, for they yield food sugar solutions..upon request.
1889 Hubrecht in Q.Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. Dec. 299This striking difference between somatic mesoblast and *trophoblast becomes still more accentuated in the next developmental phases.
Ibid. 385If we agree..to designate the outer layer alone as trophoblast, the outer layer plus a thin layer of somatic mesoblast without blood-vessels as diplotrophoblast . [ etc.]
1907 Contemp. Rev. Sept. 411A cancer is ‘irresponsible trophoblast’.
1889 Hubrecht (as above) 301 Mesoblastic warts, ridges, and outgrowths being soon surrounded on three sides by the *trophoblastic proliferation.
1907 Contemp. Rev. Sept. 410The trophoblastic theory of cancer.
1889 Hubrecht (as above) 359 The *trophocalyx (as this specialized region may conveniently be called, both in the bat and the mole, per analogiam with the trophosphere of the hedgehog and the trophodisc of the rabbit).
1909 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. LIII. 282Mesnil ('05) uses a terminology which also has a physiological foundation..; trophochromidia, for chromidial structures of a vegetative function; idiochromidia, for chromidia which enter into the formation of gametes. [ Note] Cf. Lubosch's ('02) terms, ‘*trophochromatin’ and ‘idiochromatin’.
1947 Ann. Rev. Microbiol. I. 2In amœboid forms special interest attaches to the structure and division of the nucleus. A distinction may be made between the ‘trophochromatin’ which stains intensely with iron haematoxylin, but takes no part in the formation of the chromosomes, and the ‘idiochromatin’ out of which the chromosomes are formed.
1904 Jrnl. Roy. Microsc. Soc. Oct. 527Imaginal Adipose Tissue in Muscidæ.— Ch. Pérez has made a study of this tissue, which consists of two kinds of elements—*trophocytes and œnocytes.
1889 Hubrecht (as above) 323 Corresponding regions of the rabbit might be indicated by the name of *trophodisc, that of the bat and mole of trophocalyx.
1891 Cent. Dict. ,*Tropholecithal.
1879 tr. Haeckel'sEvol. Man I. viii. 216The nutritive yolk (vitellus nutritivus, or *tropholecithus)..is a mere appendage of the true egg-cell, and contains hoarded food-substance,..so that it forms a sort of storehouse for the embryo in the course of its evolution.
1890 Billings Med. Dict. ,*Trophology, science of nutrition.
1957 *Tropholytic . [ see trophogenic a. 2]
1975 G. A. Cole Textbk. Limnol. ii. 10/1Below the trophogenic layer is a darker tropholytic region..where respiration and decomposition predominate.
1891 Proc. Roy. Soc. 19 Mar. 363We propose to term the villiform structures of the uterine mucous membrane in Selachians, which essentially secrete nutriment, *trophonemata.
Ibid. 365Transverse sections of a trophonema shew . [ etc.]
1857 Dunglison Med. Lex. ,*Trophoneuroses, morbid conditions of the process of nutrition, owing to modified nervous influence.
1876 tr. Wagner'sGen. Pathol. 292Many forms of disease rarely occurring, but..highly characteristic and very evident to the senses, tropho-neuroses.
1896 Allbutt's Syst. Med. I. 179Facial hemi-atrophy and scleroderma from their distribution would suggest a trophoneurosis.
1891 Cent. Dict. ,*Trophoneurotic.
1897 Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 47The so-called ‘varieties’ or ‘forms’ of leprosy..(2) the smooth (also called ‘anæsthetic’, ‘non-tuberculated’, ‘tropho-neurotic’, etc.).
1906 H. M. Woodcock in Q.Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. L. 182This is revealed..in the sharp resolution of the nuclear material into trophic and kinetic constituents, which are practically separate and independent, at any rate, during the trypanosome phase... The fertilisation spindle or definitive nucleus is to be regarded as representing the trophic portion, and it will be convenient, therefore, to distinguish it as the *trophonucleus.
1964 M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 8) xxviii. 436Stained preparations show two nuclear structures; the one, larger and centrally placed, is known as the macronucleus or trophonucleus and the other, smaller, placed at the posterior end, is known as the micronucleus or kinetoplast. [ of Trypanosoma gambiense]
1890 Lancet 8 Mar. 535 The belief of the writers that *trophopathy..has more to do with the cause of the so-called incurable diseases than the profession gives credit to.
1890 Billings Med. Dict. ,Trophopathies, disorders of nutrition.
1891 Cent. Dict. ,*Trophophore, *Trophophorous.
1892 Ld. Lytton King Poppy i. 67 note,Official ranks, civil, military, and *trophophoric.
1893 tr. Weismann's Germ-Plasm i. i. 38,I shall..call the vital substance of the cell the ‘formative plasm’ or morphoplasm (Nägeli's ‘*trophoplasm’), in contrast to the idioplasm.
[ 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 718is a prolongation of the achromatic amorphous substance, called also trophoplasma. [ The axis cylinder]
1903 Bot. Gaz. May 340Everything seems to point to the ooplasm as *trophoplasmic in character.
1885 G. L. Goodale Physiol. Bot. (1892) 287General Term..*Trophoplast. Special Terms..anaplast, autoplast, chromoplast.
1889 Science 22 Nov. 355/1 The nucleus and other granules (the trophoplasts) within the cell... Each protoplast possesses the organs necessary for continuous transmission; the nucleus for new nuclei, the trophoplasts for new granules of all kinds.
1832 Lindley Introd. Bot. i. ii. 126That part of the anther..which is called..the *trophopollen by Turpin.
1870 Nicholson Man. Zool. 26The individual Campanularia consists of a series of nutritive zooids, collectively called the ‘*trophosome’.
1888 Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 245The Sea-fir..forms a fixed colony or hydrosoma... The hydrosome consists of a number of hydranths or nutritive zooids collectively forming the trophosome and connected to one another by a branching cœnosarc.
1819 Lindley tr. Richard'sObserv. Fruits & Seeds 6,I substitute the name of *Trophosperm for that of Placenta, which botanists have given to the internal part of the pericarp, on which the seeds are immediately attached.
1889 Hubrecht (as above) 322 These two together , forming in Erinaceus a sphere which is shut off from the uterus lumen by the fusion of the lips of the decidua reflexa, should be indicated by the name of *trophosphere. [ the trophoblast and the trophospongia]
Ibid. ,It is to this cell-mass of which we have just traced the maternal origin, that I propose to give the name of *trophospongia.
Ibid. 326The topography of the *trophospongian region.
1897 C. B. Davenport Exper. Morphol. i. §3. 39Chemotaxis is, therefore, in some cases, a response to the stimulus afforded by substances which can be employed by the organism as food; under which circumstances it can be called ‘*Trophotaxis’.
1920 Wheeler & Bailey in Trans. Philos. Soc. XXII. 258The sternal portion of the first abdominal segment is transversely elliptical..and furnished with a food-pouch, the *trophothylax.
1971 E. O. Wilson Insect Societies iv. 55/1The nurse worker first pushes the fragment deep within the trophothylax, the special food pouch located on the lower surface of the thorax just behind the head (and found only in pseudomyrmecine larvae). [ ant]
1891 Cent. Dict. ,*Trophotropic.
1887 Garnsey & Balfour tr. De Bary's Fungi, etc. ix. 449*Trophotropism.—Vegetating plasmodia spread out on surfaces which yield little or no nutriment move towards bodies which contain nutrient substances as soon as they are offered to them.
1906 Lancet 27 Oct. 1161/2 The problem of digestion is intimately related to..‘trophotropism’, both positive and negative.
1900–13 Dorland Med. Dict. (ed. 7),*Trophozoïte.
1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. ,Trophozoite.
1888 W. A. Herdman in Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 615/2Nutritive forms (*trophozooids) which remain permanently attached to the nurse, and serve to provide it with food.
tropho-
before vowels, troph-, word-forming element meaning "nourishment, food," from comb. form of Greek trophe "nourishment" (see -trophy).
tropho-
combining form
see troph-
see troph-
tropho-
Prefix
- biology, medicine, zoology Forming compound words with the sense of "nourish", "nourishment".
Etymology
From Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).
Usage notes
Not to be confused with tropo-, which is instead from Ancient Greek τροπικός (tropikós, “of or pertaining to a turn or change; or the solstice; or a trope or figure; tropic; tropical; etc.”), from τροπή (tropḗ, “turn; solstice; trope”). Compare -trophic/-tropic.
Derived terms
English words prefixed with tropho-