词汇

-ary

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-ary
suff.（后缀）

Of or relating to:
…的，与…相关的：
bacillary.
杆菌状的
One that relates to or is connected with:
与…有关的，与…相联的：
boundary.
界限

语源

Middle English -arie
中古英语 -arie
from Old French
源自古法语
from Latin -ārius [adj. and n. suff]
源自拉丁语 -ārius [形容词与名词的缩写]

-ary

suffix

(forming adjectives) of; related to; belonging to

⇒ cautionary

⇒ rudimentary

(forming nouns)

a person connected with or engaged in

⇒ missionary

a thing relating to; a place for

⇒ commentary

⇒ aviary

Origin

from Latin -ārius, -āria, -ārium

-ary

Word Origin

a suffix occurring originally in loanwords from Classical and Medieval Latin, on adjectives (elementary; honorary; stationary; tributary), personal nouns (actuary; notary; secretary), or nouns denoting objects, especially receptacles or places (library; rosary; glossary). The suffix has the general sense “pertaining to, connected with” the referent named by the base; it is productive in English, sometimes with the additional senses “contributing to,” “for the purpose of,” and usually forming adjectives:

complimentary; visionary; revolutionary; inflationary.

Origin

Middle English -arie < Latin -ārius, -a, -um; E personal nouns reflect -ārius, objects and places -ārium or -āria; inherited and adopted French forms of this suffix are -er², -eer, -ier², -aire; cf. -er¹

Related Words

-arian
-arium
-eer
dromedary
scapulary
-aire

-aryI.

1. an adjective suffix meaning 'relating to', attached chiefly to nouns (honorary) and to stems appearing in other words (voluntary).

2. a suffix forming nouns from other nouns or adjectives indicating location or repository (dictionary, granary, apiary), officers (functionary, secretary), or other relations (adversary).

3. a suffix forming collective numeral nouns, especially in time units (centenary).

[Latin -ārius, neuter -ārium]

II.

variant of -ar¹, as in exemplary, military.

-ary

\\\\US usu ˌer-ē or ˌe-rē when an unstressed syllable precedes, ə-rē or rē when a stressed syllable precedes; Brit usu ə-rē or rē in all cases\\\\ noun suffix

ETYMOLOGY Middle English -arie, from Anglo-French & Latin; Anglo-French -aire, -arie, from Latin -arius, -aria, -arium, from -arius, adjective suffix

1. thing belonging to or connected with; especially : place of
ovary
2. person belonging to, connected with, or engaged in
functionary

adjective suffix

ETYMOLOGY Middle English -arie, from Anglo-French & Latin; Anglo-French -aire, from Latin -arius

: of, relating to, or connected with
budgetary

-ary²

/ərɪ/

suffix

forming adjectives such as capillary, military ［构成形容词, 如capillary, military］。

词源

from French -aire or Latin -aris 'relating to'.

-ary¹

/ərɪ/

suffix

forming adjectives such as budgetary, primary ［构成形容词, 如budgetary, primary］。

forming nouns such as dictionary, granary ［构成名词, 如dictionary, granary］。

词源

from French -aire or Latin -arius 'connected with'.

▪ I.-ary¹, suffix of adjs. and ns.,ad. L. -āri-us, -āri-um. The regular phonetic repr. of these in OF. was -air, but most of the words that actually lived on into OF. had -ier (app. by confusion with words in -iārium or -erium, of which -ier was the regular repr.), in AFr. -er, instances of which still remain in Eng. primer, danger, antiphoner, and names of trades and offices, like carpenter, usher (Fr. huissier, L. ostiārius), while others, as bursar, calendar, mortar, vicar, have recently been refashioned with -ar after Latin. But in words of later learned adaptation in Fr., -ārius, -um were represented by -aire; in AFr. and ME. -arie, later -arye, now -ary, as L. contrārius, Fr. contraire, Eng. contrarie, contrarye, now contrary; and this is the regular form in which L. words in -ārius, -arium, or their Fr. representatives in -aire are now adapted in Eng., and on which new analogical formations are modelled. More than 300 such exist in the language, comprising:—A. adjs. repr. (or on analogy of) L. -ārius ‘connected with, pertaining to’; as arbitrary, contrary, elementary, honorary, mercenary, necessary, primary, secondary, tertiary, voluntary.B. ns.1. repr. (or on analogy of) L. -ārius ‘a man (or male) belonging to or engaged in’; as actuary, adversary, antiquary, apothecary, commentary (liber), February, January (mensis), lapidary, secretary.2. repr. (or on analogy of) L. -ārium ‘a thing connected with or employed in, a place for’; as aviary, breviary, diary, dictionary, formulary, glossary, granary, ovary, piscary, reliquary, salary, sanctuary, vocabulary. See also -arium.3. repr. L. (often mediæval) -āria (Fr. -aire, -arie), forming fem. ns. with same sense; as Calvary, fritillary.Add:[A.] 2. Chiefly Math. and Logic. [f. -ary in unary, binary, ternary, etc.] Used with a preceding symbol (usu. n) to designate a function, operator, etc., having the number of arguments represented by the symbol. Cf. arity n., *-adic 2.1940E. T. Bell Devel. Math. xx. 401 An m-ary n-ic..is a homogeneous polynomial, with arbitrary constant coefficients, of degree n in m independent variables.1964J. J. Katz in Fodor & Katz Struct. of Lang. 526 The amalgam is assigned to the set of paths associated with the node (i.e., the point at which an n-ary branching occurs).1968P. M. Postal Aspects Phonol. Theory iv. 65 A priori, there are two fundamentally different types of relation which could obtain for a particular binary phonological feature F_i and its n-ary (N>2) phonetic correspondent... Suppose that the phonetic feature is 3-ary.1985Computer Jrnl. XXVIII. 105/1 The present paper also generalises the formulation of the consistent labelling problem as an N-ary constraint satisfaction problem.▪ II.-ary², suffix of adjs.;occasional ad. L. -ār-is (stem -āri) ‘of the kind of, belonging to.’ Of this the regular repr. in mod. Eng. is -ar¹, q.v. But even in Latin several of these words had forms both in -āris and -ārius; and in later Fr. words of literary introduction, both these L. endings are levelled under -aire, e.g. L. contrārius, mīlitāris, Fr. contraire, militaire. Hence, as Fr. -aire from -ārius gives -ary in Eng., Fr. -aire from -āris has occasionally also been adapted as -ary instead of the more regular -ar; e.g. capillary, exemplary, maxillary, military, salutary.

-ary

adjective and noun word-forming element, in most cases from Latin -arius, -aria, -arium "connected with, pertaining to; the man engaged in," from PIE relational adjective suffix *-yo- "of or belonging to." It appears in words borrowed from Latin in Middle English. In later borrowings from Latin to French, it became -aire and passed into Middle English as -arie, subsequently -ary.

☞ -ar, -ary

1. suffix¹ | 2. suffix²

1
-ary /əri/ suffix¹.

ORIGIN: from Latin -arius, (fem.) -aria, (neut.) -arium connected with, or French -aire: see -y³.

Forming adjectives, as arbitrary, budgetary, contrary, primary, etc., and nouns, as adversary, dictionary, fritillary, January, etc.

2
-ary /əri/ suffix².

ORIGIN: from Latin -aris -ar¹1 or French -aire: see -y³.

Forming adjectives, as capillary, military, etc., and occas. nouns, as preliminary.

☞ ary

-ary
I. \US: ˌerē, ˌeri, infrequently _ər- or r-, S also ˌār-, when an unstressed syllable precedes; _ər- also r-, in a few words ˌer- S also ˌār-, when a stressed syllable precedes. Brit: whatever the preceding stress, usually _əri, alternatively often ri when a vowel or semivowel does not immediately precede\ noun suffix
(-es)
Etymology: Middle English -arie, from Old French & Latin; Old French -arie, -aire, from Latin -arius, -aria, -arium, from -arius, adjective suffix
: one that belongs to or is connected with:
a. : thing belonging to or connected with; especially : place of
  < aviary >
  < bestiary >
  < herbary >
  < seminary >
  < termitary >
b. : person belonging to, connected with, or engaged in
  < functionary >
  < seditionary >
II. adjective suffix
Etymology: Middle English -arie, from Middle French & Latin; Middle French -aire, from Latin -arius
: of or belonging to or connected with
< budgetary >
< discretionary >
< parliamentary >
< unitary >

-ary

Suffix

of or pertaining to; adjective suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also.

order, ordinary
mathematics having the specified arity.
1927, A. D. Campbell, “The discriminant of the m-ary quadratic in the Galois fields of order 2ⁿ”, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series 29:1-4.
2007, Philippe Leroux, “A simple symmetry generating operads related to rooted planar m-ary trees and polygonal numbers”, Journal of Integer Sequences 10:4.

Etymology

Back-formation from unary and similar, from Latin adjective suffixes -aris and -arius; compare related -arian, and -adic.

Synonyms

(pertaining to): -al, -ar, -ese, -ic, -id, -ish, -like, -oid, -ory, -ous, -y

(arity): -adic

Derived terms

English words suffixed with -ary

(math operation of given arity):

nullary

unary

binary

ternary

quaternary

quinary

后缀：-ary ①[形容词后缀]

表示有...性质的，属于...的，关于...的

secondary 第二的

honorary 荣誉的

questionary 询问的

unitary 单元的

elementary 基本的

planetary 行星的

limitary 限制的

imaginary 想象中的

expansionary 扩张性的

customary 习惯的

disciplinary 纪律的

revolutionary 革命的

parliamentary 议会的

revisionary 修订的

monentary 片刻的

exemplary 模范的

后缀：-ary ②[名词后缀]

1、表示场所、地点

rosary 玫瑰园

dispensary 药房

infirmary 医院，医务室

library 图书馆

depositary 存放处

aviary 养鸟室

granary 谷仓（gran=grain）

apiary 养蜂所

2、表示人

secretary 书记，秘书

missionary 传教士

adversary 对手

revolutionary 革命者

notary 公证人

functionary 职官，官员

dignitary 居高位者

plenipotentiary 全权代表

3、表示抽象及抽象名词

dictionary 字典，词典

luminary 发光体

glossary 词汇表

formulary 公式汇编

salary 薪金

distributary 江河的支流

diary 日记本

anniversary 周年纪念

piscary 捕鱼权

vocabulary 词汇

词根词缀：-ary

【来源及含义】Latin: a suffix; a person who, a place where, a thing which, or pertaining to; connected with; having the character of; apparatus

【相关描述】The following examples of this suffix represent a very small number of those that exist in other parts of this lexicon.

【同源单词】ablephary, ablutionary, aboriginary, admaxillary, adversary, agynary

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