arch- 1
pref.(前缀)
语源
arch- 2
pref.(前缀)
pref.(前缀)
- Chief; highest; most important:
主要的;最高的;最重要的:
archenemy.
主要敌人 - Extreme or most characteristic of its kind:
此类中最极端的或最有特征的:
archconservative.
极度保守的
语源
- Middle English arche-
中古英语 arche- - from Old English ærce-
源自 古英语 ærce- - and from Old French arche-
并源自 古法语 arche- - both from Latin archi-
都源自 拉丁语 archi- - from Greek arkhi- [archi-]
源自 希腊语 arkhi- [前缀,表“主要的”]
arch- 2
pref.(前缀)
- Variant of archi-
archi-的变体
arch- or archi-
combining form
chief; principal; of highest rank
⇒
archangel
⇒
archbishop
⇒
archduke
eminent above all others of the same kind; extreme
⇒
archenemy
⇒
archfiend
⇒
archfool
Origin
ultimately from Greek arkhi-, from arkhein to rulearch-1
Word Origin
1
a combining form that represents the outcome of archi- in words borrowed through Latin from Greek in the Old English period; it subsequently became a productive form added to nouns of any origin, which thus denote individuals or institutions directing or having authority over others of their class (archbishop; archdiocese; archpriest). More recently, arch-1, has developed the senses “principal” (archenemy; archrival) or “prototypical” and thus exemplary or extreme (archconservative); nouns so formed are almost always pejorative.
Origin
Middle English; Old English arce-, ærce-, erce- (> Old Norse erki-) < Latin archi- < Greek (see archi-); but Dutch aarts-, Middle Low German erse-, Middle High German, German Erz- < Medieval Latin arci-, and Gothic ark- directly < Greek. Cf. archangel
arch-2
1
variant of archi- before a vowel:
archangel; archenteron.
Related Words
- archi-
- archaeo-
- archangel
- archbishop
- archconfraternity
- archconservative
arch-a prefix meaning 'first', 'chief', as in archbishop, arch-priest.
[Middle English arch-, Old English arce-, erce-, from Latin arch-, arche-, archi-, from Greek, combining forms of archos chief]arch-
prefix
archfiend
2. extreme : most fully embodying the qualities of the kind
archconservative
⇨ see archi-
I |
ETYMOLOGY Middle English arche-, arch-, from Old English & Anglo-French; Old English arce-, from Late Latin arch- & Latin archi-; Anglo-French arch-, from Late Latin arch- & Latin archi-, from Greek arch-, archi-, from archein to begin, rule; akin to Greek archē beginning, rule, archos ruler
1. chief : principalarchfiend
2. extreme : most fully embodying the qualities of the kind
archconservative
II |
⇨ see archi-
arch-
combining form
- chief; principal表示“主要的”, “为首的”:
-
archbishop
archdiocese.
- ■ pre-eminent of its kind; out-and-out表示“同类中杰出的”, “极端的”:
-
arch-enemy.
词源
via Latin from Greek arkhi-, from arkhos 'chief'.
1693 Apol. ClergyScot. 20*Arch-Bedle to the Kirk.
1727–51 Chambers Cycl. s.v. ,The elector of Brandenbourg is *arch-chamberlain of the empire.
1842 Alison Hist. Eur. XIII. lxxxix. §6. 185Talleyrand in his capacity of *arch-chancellor of the empire.
1614 Selden Titles Hon. 243*Arch-Chaplains constituted, in those elder times in the Court for Ecclesiastical matters.
1753 Chambers Cycl. Supp.,*Arch-Count, a title antiently given to the Earl of Flanders.
1690 Lond. Gaz. mmdxxxiii/3The Elector of Bavaria, as *Arch⁓dapifer, rid in his Robes to the Kitchin.
1661 Morgan Sph. Gentry iv. vi. 82The *archdapifirship with all the prerogatives thereof.
1747 Carte Hist. Eng. I. 32The *Arch-Druid's mansion house.
1839 Keightley Hist. Eng. I. 2Presided over by an *arch-druid.
1599 A. M. tr. Gabelhouer'sBk. Physic 338/1The *Archearle Fredericke.
1727–51 Chambers Cycl. s.v. ,The *archeunuch was one of the principal officers in Constantinople.
1664 Floddan Field viii. 72 Th' *archgunner on th' 'English part.
1814 Sch. Good Living 26Cadmus, *archmagirist to the king of Sidon.
a1634 Chapman Alphonsus Plays 1873 III. 206Augustus Duke of Saxon, *Arch Marshall to the Emperor.
1678 Marvell Corr. 361Wks. 1875 II. 631One Mr. Welch is their *arch-minister.
1683 Burnet tr. More's Utopia 76Another Magistrate..called..the *Arch-philarch.
1847 Ld. LindsayChr. Art. I.Introd. 55The *archsatrap Satan.
1622 Heylin Cosmogr. ii. (1682) 103The Office of Archidapifer, or *Arch-Sewer.
1643 Prynne PowerParl. App. 156The king verily hath his great Master or *Arch-Steward.
1661 Morgan Sph. Gentry iv. vi. 82The Count Palatine was created..*Arch Treasurer of the Empire.
a1672 Wood Life (1848) 41By the favour of the Warden Sir N. Brent the *Arch-visitor.
1726 J. Trapp Popery i. (T.)The highest titles would have been given to St. Petre, such as *arch-apostle.
1590 Barrow & Greenw. in Confer. 43Christ being..*Arch⁓cheif, high Bishop of Bishopps.
1728 Morgan Algiers II. iv. 288,I bid this *Arch-Corsair a final Adieu.
1849 Sir J. Stephen Eccl. Biog. (1850) I. 365Indolence, self-will, and selfishness..*archdæmons of the cloister.
1816 Southey in Q.Rev. XVI. 230Grand Monarque, Emperor, or *Arch⁓emperor, if it liked him better.
1835 Browning Paracelsus ii. 32The dupes of this Old *arch-genethliac.
1567 Jewel Def. Apol. (1611) 420Yee *Archgouerners of Christs Church.
1553–87 Foxe A. & M. 88/2The magicians and *archmagicians.
1579 Fulke Heskins'sParl. Title-p.,*Archpatriarches of the Popish Synagogue.
1790 Burke Fr. Rev. 16This *archpontiff of the rights of men.
1583 Stubbes Anat. Abuses 17At the command of their superintendent, or *arch⁓primate.
1649 Bp. Hall CasesConsc. vii. (1654) 47The *Arch-publican Zacheus.
1650 Don Bellianis 107 *Arch⁓ruler over so many territories.
1818 Bentham Ch. Eng. 361The Noble Reformer, in the character of *Arch-Sacrificator.
1656 Trapp Comm. Matt. ii. 6Christ is the *arch-Shepherd, that feeds his people daily.
1859 Helps Friends in C.Ser. ii. I. i. 23The *arch-vestryman, who objects to every thing proposed by everybody.
1630 J. Taylor (Water P.) Superb. Flag.Wks. i. 28/1Then did the *Archworkmaster of this All Create this Massie Vniversall Ball.
1840 Gen. P. ThompsonExerc. (1842) V. 158Thanking the *‘Arch-Agitator’ . [ O'Connell]
1611 Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. v. iii. 12Proued by our *arch-Antiquary in his famous work.
1640 Sanderson 21Serm. Ad. Aul. xii. (1673) 176The great *Arch-architect, the builder and maker of all things.
1579 J. Stubbes Gaping Gulf B vij b,That Romish *archbaalam.
a1635 Corbet To Ghost R. Wisdome (T.)*Archbotcher of a psalm or prayer.
1685 Evelyn Diary (1827) III. 164The *arch-boutefeu Ferguson, Matthews, were not yet found.
1577 Holinshed Chron. II. 26/2The *archbrochers of their brethrens bloud.
c1600 Hooker Eccl. Pol. vii. 441The very blessed Apostle..giveth unto himself the title of an *arch⁓builder . [ 1 Cor. iii. 10]
1853 Trench Proverbs 141Men fancy they can cheat the *arch-cheater.
1548 Hall Chron. Hen. IV an. 1 (1809) 24Hector Boece, the Scottish *Arche⁓chronocler.
1859 Helps Friends in C.Ser. ii. I. 8Change is the *arch-consoler.
1594 Merry Knack i. in Hazl. Dodsl. VI. 528When I came to the Exchange, I espied..An *arch⁓cosener.
1938 R. G. Collingwood Princ. Art v. 85Hair-raising fiction concerned with *arch-criminals, gunmen, and sinister foreigners.
1626 tr. Boccalina 187 (T.)Promoted..to be the *archcritick of the sacred muses.
1849 Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 520A new crime of the *archdeceiver.
1616 R. C. Times' Whis. v. 2111Drunkennesse hath got an *arch-defender.
1818 Bentham Ch. Eng. 349Wealth thus devoured by the *arch-depredator.
1649 S. Clark Lives Fathers (1654) 245Luther..called the Zinglians, *Archdevils.
1869 Freeman Norm. Conq. III. xii. 116The King of France then, is the *arch-disturber.
1551 Robinson tr. More's Utopia (1869) 39Thies wysefooles and verye *archedoltes.
1612–5 Bp. HallContempl. iii. i. 61They accuse him for an *archexorcist, for the worst kinde of magician.
1667 Milton P.L. iv. 179Which when th' arch-fellon saw, Due entrance he disdained.
1866 Carlyle Remin. (1881) I. 132Robert Owen, the then incipient *arch-gomeril.
1826 Southey Lett. (1856) IV. 40The ‘Life of an *Arch-humbug.’
1685 Baxter Paraphr. Matt. xxvii. 6Thus *Arch-hypocrites make conscience of Ceremony, and make no conscience of Perjury.
1761 Sterne Tr. Shandy (1802) IV. xx. 93As if the *arch-jockey of jockeys had got behind me.
1866 Spectator 6 Jan., Calling you or your friend ‘an *arch⁓knave.’
1827 Hare Guesses i. (1873) 82Vice is the greatest of all Jacobins, the *arch-leveler.
1905 W. James Let. 24 Aug. (1920) II. 232When you write your treatise against philosophy, you will be classed as the *arch-metaphysician.
1930 R. Campbell Poems 18Your muse..*Arch-mistress of the slowly crawling theme.
a1711 Ken Poet. Wks. 1721 IV. 76A Legion led, With the *Arch-Murderer at Head.
1856 R. Vaughan Mystics (1860) I. 231Following Dionysius, that *arch-mystagogue.
1610 Healey St. Aug., City of God 254One old *arch-plaier plaid the Mimike.
1625 tr. Camden'sHist. Eliz. iii. (1688) 344The *Arch-plotter..of this Treason.
1665 Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xiii. (1675) 250The Old Serpent himself, that *Arch-politician.
1677 Gilpin Dæmonol. Sac. (1867) 169Arch-heretics have been *arch⁓pretenders to sanctity.
a1910 W. James SomeProbl. Philos. (1911) ii. 35Plato, the *arch-rationalist, explained the details of nature by their participation in ‘ideas’.
1873 J. Morley Rousseau I. ix. 309Voltaire was the *Arch-representative of all these elements.
a1650 May Satyr. Puppy 46Some *Arch-Rogue..hath done her wrong.
1920 D. H. Lawrence Let. 4 Jan. (1962) I. 606She is staying with an *arch-scandalmonger.
1936 Mind XLV. 336 Their specific intellectual relationship to the *arch-sceptic himself . [ sc. Hume]
1896 Westm. Gaz. 21 May 2/1There is no knowing how many gullible young women this *arch-scoundrel might not have married and fleeced.
1674 Hickman Hist. Quinquart. (ed. 2) 38Forged by Faustus that *Arch-Semipelagian.
1881 G. M. Hopkins Sermons & Dev.Wr. (1959) 199So that if the Devil is symbolised as a snake he must be an *archsnake and a dragon.
1630 Wadsworth Sp. Pilgr. viii. 89,I was an *Arch-spye against their State.
1916 Joyce Portr. Artist Young Man iii. 135Eve yielded to the wiles of the *arch tempter.
1654 Gataker Disc. Apol. 64As did that *Arch⁓turncoat of Spalata.
1862 Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) VII. lv. 2This *arch-tyrant..most detestable of the Cæsarean family.
1656 tr. B. Valentine's Twelve Keyes 6That *arch⁓wench Venus.
1877 E. Conder Bas. Faith iv. 189The materials with which Reason, the *arch-worker, toils to construct her fabric.
1541 Coverdale Old Faith v.Wks. 1844 I. 29the *archfather of all murderers. [ Cain]
1641 Milton Ch. Govt. ii. (1851) 106Him whom they fain to be the *archfounder of Prelaty, S. Peter.
1846 Grote Greece (1869) I. 12Homer knows nothing of Uranus, in the sense of an *arch-God, anterior to Kronos.
1835 Lytton Rienzi vii. vi. 334The *arch-messenger to smooth the way and prepare the welcome.
1659 Gell Amendm. Bible 787Adam the *arch⁓plagiary, who hath brought us all into bondage.
1602 Carew Cornwall (1723) 138 b,The top of the Cornish *Archbeacon Hainborough.
c1630 Risdon Surv. Devon. §314Their order..was..utterly abolished in *Arch⁓christendom.
1633 Fletcher Purple Isl. ii. xliv,That *arch⁓city of this government.
1652 Benlowes Theoph. viii. x,*Archessence! Thou, self full! self infinite! Residing in approachlesse light.
1654 Goddard in Burton's Diary (1828) I. 171A piece of that *archfire, that hath been in this your time.
1873 M. Blind Strauss's Old Faith li. 208The two *arch-forms of organic life.
1685 tr. Gracian's Courtier'sMan. 122The Heart of Alexander was an *Arch⁓heart, seeing a whole world lodged easily in a corner of it.
1834 Bancroft Hist. U.S. VI. Index 497Decadence of the *arch-house.
1871 Browning Pr. Hohenst. 1529That lie of lies, *arch-infamy.
1861 Emerson Cond. Life i. 14Man is the *arch-machine.
1844 Disraeli Coningsby I. ii. i. 155The *Arch-Mediocrity who presided, rather than ruled, over this Cabinet of Mediocrities.
1604 Shakes. Oth. iv. i. 71O, 'tis the spight of hell, the Fiend's *Arch-mock.
1826 E. Irving Babylon II. vi. 85Its *arch-mockery, and master-piece of wickedness.
1866 Jrnl. Sacr.Lit. No. 19. 187Little less than an *arch⁓mystery.
1848 Petrie tr. O.E. Chron. (1853) 79went to Rome after his *arch-pall. [ He]
1630 Naunton Fragm. Reg. (Arb. ) 38Sir Nicholas Bacon, An *arch-piece of Wit and Wisdom.
1553–87 Foxe A. & M. 209/1*Archpillers of all papistrie.
1586 Bright Melanch. xxxv. 193That *archpiller of faith and assurance in Christ Jesus our hope.
1628 Earle Microcosm. liii. 115It may be an *Arch-practice of State.
1613 R. Zouche Dove 25The *Arch-Sea rowling from th' unruly North.
1612 Drayton Polyolb. xxiv. (1748) 360Next these *arch-sees of ours now London place doth take.
1865 Morn. Star 16 Feb., The *arch see of Canterbury.
1598 J. Dickenson Arisbas (1878) 55The Seede of all mischiefe, that *Arch⁓sinne usurie.
1655 Fuller Ch. Hist. iii. vi. §33They had their *Arch-Synagogue at the North corner of the Old-Jury.
1667 Milton P.L. iii. 609Th' *Arch-chimic Sun so farr from us remote.
1761 Smollett Gil Blas iii. ix. I. 301The ladies of the stage are not only noble, but *arch-noble.
1901 P. V. Mighels Crystal Sceptre xliii. 371The wild brutes,..crazy to beat me to a pulp, as their *arch-nemesis.
1928 Daily Kennebec Jrnl. (Augusta, Maine) 28 July 5/1Big Bill Tilden called forth a burst of the furious tennis of his younger years today to defeat his arch nemesis.
2005 D. Mansour From Abba to Zoom xiii. 470His arch-nemesis is the evil Lex Luthor, who diminishes Superman's power with Kryptonite.
arch-
also archi-, word-forming element meaning "chief, principal; extreme, ultra; early, primitive," from Latinized form of Greek arkh-, arkhi- "first, chief, primeval," comb. form of arkhos "chief" (see archon).
ORIGIN: Latin from Greek arkhi- etc., from arkhos chief, or Old French arche- from Latin arch- . Cf. archi- .
☞ arch
arch-
I.\|ärch, |ȧch, but |ärk or |ȧk in “archangel” and derivatives\ prefix
Etymology: Middle English arche-, arch-, from Old English & Old French; Old English arce-, erce-, from Late Latin arch- & Latin archi-, from Greek arch-, archi-; Old French arch-, arche-, from Late Latin arch- & Latin archi- — more at archi-
1. : chief : principal
< archangel >
< archbishop >
< archdiocese >
< archduke >
< archpillar >
2. : preeminent : extreme : most fully embodying the qualities of his or its kind
< archantiquary >
< archcapitalist >
< archfool >
< archinfamy >
< archphilosopher >
< archpuritan >
< archrogue >
3. : first in time
< archfather >
: primitive
< archform >
II.
— see archi-
I.
1.
< archangel >
< archbishop >
< archdiocese >
< archduke >
< archpillar >
2.
< archantiquary >
< archcapitalist >
< archfool >
< archinfamy >
< archphilosopher >
< archpuritan >
< archrogue >
3.
< archfather >
: primitive
< archform >
II.
— see archi-
arch-
Prefix
- chief, highest, most extreme
Etymology
From Latin archi- (English archi-), from Ancient Greek ἀρχι- (arkhi-), from ἄρχω (árkhō, “to begin, to lead, to rule, to govern”) (whence also English -arch), from Proto-Indo-European *arkhein (“to begin, rule, command”).
Derived terms
English words prefixed with arch-