-ium
suff.（后缀）
语源
suff.（后缀）
- Chemical element or group:
化学元素或化学基因：
californium.
锎
语源
- Alteration of -um [neuter suff]
-um的变化 [中性名词后缀]
-ium or (sometimes) -um
suffix forming nouns
indicating a metallic element
⇒
platinum
⇒
barium
(in chemistry) indicating groups forming positive ions
⇒
ammonium chloride
⇒
hydroxonium ion
indicating a biological structure
⇒
syncytium
Origin
New Latin, from Latin, from Greek -ion, diminutive suffix-ium
Word Origin
1
a suffix found on nouns borrowed from Latin, especially derivatives of verbs (odium; tedium; colloquium; delirium), deverbal compounds with the initial element denoting the object of the verb (nasturtium), other types of compounds (equilibrium; millennium), and derivatives of personal nouns, often denoting the associated status or office (collegium; consortium; magisterium); -ium, also occurs in scientific coinages on a Latin model, as in names of metallic elements (barium; titanium) and as a Latinization of Gk -ion (pericardium).
Origin
< New Latin, Latin, neuter suffix
Related Words
- -mony
- achene
- adage
- adverb
- aethalium
- allodium
-iuma suffix representing Latin neuter suffix, used especially to form names of metallic elements.
-ium
noun suffix
1. [New Latin, from Latin, ending of some neuter nouns]
a. a chemical element
sodium
b. cation
tetrazolium
2. plural -iums or -ia [New Latin, from Latin, from Greek -ion] : small one : mass — especially in botanical terms
pollinium
noun suffix
1. [New Latin, from Latin, ending of some neuter nouns]
a. a chemical element
sodium
b. cation
tetrazolium
2. plural -iums or -ia [New Latin, from Latin, from Greek -ion] : small one : mass — especially in botanical terms
pollinium
-ium
suffix
1.
- forming nouns adopted unchanged from Latin (such as alluvium) or based on Latin or Greek words (such as euphonium)［构成直接引自拉丁语（如alluvium）或基于拉丁语或希腊语的名词（如euphonium）］ 。
2.
- （亦作-um）forming names of metallic elements［构成金属元素的名称］：
-
cadmium
magnesium.
3.
- denoting a region of the body表示“身体的某部位”：
-
pericardium.
4.
- denoting a biological structure表示“生物结构”：
-
mycelium.
词源
modern Latin in senses 2, 3, and 4, via Latin from Greek -ion.
ORIGIN: Modern Latin from Latin , repr. Greek -ion .
-ium
suffix. chemical element or radical, as in curium, sodium, ammonium.
[< New Latin -ium < Latin -ium, a neuter suffix]
-ium
noun suffix
1. -s[New Latin, perhaps after such words as Latin medium]
a.
(1) : chemical element
< sodium >
< uranium >
(2) : chemical radical
< ammonium >
b. : an ion having a positive charge — in names of complex cations (as those derived from an organic base)
< imidazolium [C3H4N2H]+ >
< pyridinium >
< nitrosylium NO+ >
— compare -onium
2. plural -iums also -ia[New Latin, from Latin, from Greek -ion (n. suffix, often of diminutive force)] : small one : mass — especially in biological terms
< onchium >
< pollinium >
1. -s
a.
(1)
< sodium >
< uranium >
(2)
< ammonium >
b.
< imidazolium [C3H4N2H]+ >
< pyridinium >
< nitrosylium NO+ >
— compare -onium
2. plural -iums also -ia
< onchium >
< pollinium >
-ium
Suffix
- chemistry Used to form the names of metal elements, after the style of early-named elements, as well as the isotopes of hydrogen.
- chemistry Used to form the temporary systematic element name of a metallic or nonmetallic element which is postulated to exist, or which has been newly synthesized and has not yet been assigned a permanent name.
- by extension, humorous Appended to common words to create scientific-sounding or humorous-sounding fictional substance names. 1997, Bryan Pfaffenberger, Official Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 book, page 34:
- According to the FAQ, a site's coolness can be attributed to a trace element called coolium.
2007, Jason Lethcoe, Wishing Well, appendix, page ii:- Stupidium: Exposure to this Element can cause very silly behavior.
2009, Selena Kitt, Quickies, page 91:- We're at the North Pole, aren't we? Let's just call the new element Santa Clausium!
- Used to form the name of an aggregation or mass of something, such as biological tissue: for example, epithelium, pollinium. Words so formed often take -a for the plural.
- Used to indicate the setting where a given activity is carried out: for example, auditorium, colloquium, gymnasium, natatorium, planetarium, podium, sanatorium, stadium. Words so formed often take -a for the plural.
Etymology
From Latin -um (“neuter singular morphological suffix”), based on Latin terms for metals such as ferrum (“iron”).
Derived terms
English words suffixed with -ium
See also
词根词缀：-ium
【来源及含义】Greek: a suffix; scientific names; names of metallic elements; a part, lining, or enveloping tissue, region; little; representing a diminutive force
【相关描述】A suffix found on nouns borrowed from Latin; especially, derivatives of verbs (odium; tedium; colloquium; delirium); deverbal compounds with the initial element denoting the object of the verb (nasturtium); other types of compounds (equilibrium; millennium); and derivatives of personal nouns, often denoting the associated status or office (collegium; consortium; magisterium).
This ending of -ium also occurs in scientific terms on a Latin model; such as, in names of metallic elements (barium; titanium) and as a Latinization of Greek -ion (pericardium).
【同源单词】acute delirium, agrobacterium, aigialium, alluvium, andrium, anthium