halo- 或 hal-
pref.（前缀）
语源
pref.（前缀）
- Salt:
盐：
halophyte.
盐生植物，盐土植物 - Halogen:
卤（素）：
halocarbon.
卤烃
语源
- French
法语 - from Greek
源自 希腊语 - from hals hal- [salt, sea] * see sal-
源自 hals hal- [盐，海] *参见 sal-
halo- or hali- or (before a vowel) hal-
combining form
indicating salt or the sea
⇒
halophyte
relating to or containing a halogen
⇒
halothane
Origin
from Greek hals, hal- sea, salthalo-
Word Origin
1
a combining form meaning “salt,” used in the formation of compound words (halophyte); sometimes specialized as a combining form of halogen (halothane).
Also, especially before a vowel, hal-.
Origin
< Greek, combining form of háls salt
Related Words
- hal-
- halobacteria
- halobiont
- halocarbon
- halocline
- halogen
halo-a word element meaning 'salt', as in halogen.
[Greek, combining form of hals]halo-
⇨ see hal-
⇨ see hal-
halo-
combining form
1.
- relating to salinity表示“盐的”：
-
halophile.
[ORIGIN: from Greek hals, halo- 'salt'.]
2.
- representing
HALOGEN 表示“卤”。
1928 K. E. Carpenter Life Inland Waters ix. 228Other *halobionts are: all known species of Ephydra (Diptera)..and several species of Ochthebius, Philydrus, and Paracymus (Coleoptera).
1937 Allee & Schmidt Hesse'sEcol. AnimalGeogr. xix. 370‘Halobionts’ are limited to water of rather high salt content, and are more or less salt-tolerant stenohaline forms.
1928 K. E. Carpenter Life Inland Waters ix. 228Above this concentration, species rapidly diminish in numbers, and above 10 per cent. are only found the true *‘halobiontic’ forms, which rarely, or never, occur in waters other than saline.
1909 Webster, Halobiotic.
1927 R. S. Lull Org. Evol. (rev. ed. ) v. 70*Halobiotic or Marine Realm.
1902 Rep. Brit. Assoc. 119Reference may be made to some recent work of v. Baeyer and Villiger on dibenzylidene acetone and triphenyl methane. They refer to the constitution of colourless substances which form highly coloured salts, and term the phenomenon *halochromism.
1944 Hackh's Chem. Dict. (ed. 3) 395/1Halochromism, the formation of colored salts from colorless organic bases by the addition of acids.
1952 K. Venkataraman Chem. Synthetic Dyes I. viii. 326In the phenomenon of halochromism, the neutral organic compounds, which become brilliantly colored on the addition of hydrogen ion, are colored to about the same depth and intensity by the addition of neutral substances such as boron trichloride or stannic chloride instead of hydrogen ion.
1898 J. E. S. Moore in Proc. R.Soc. LXII. 453They probably belong to the same quasi-marine, or what I shall in future call the *Halolimnic group.
1903 ― TanganyikaProbl. vii. 141The animals forming the invertebrate section of this peculiar group have an obviously marine aspect, and on that account I have spoken of them elsewhere as forming a halolimnic series in Lake Tanganyika—that is to say, they form a group of animals which, although living in a fresh⁓water lake, have at the same time the characters of animals that are typical of the sea.
1904 Westm. Gaz. 26 May 5/2The shells of the halolimnic gasteropods.
1922 Nature 5 Jan. 28/1 The halolimnic forms..exhibit a marine-like appearance.
1938 U.S. Dept. Agric. Yearbk. 1169*Halomorphic soils, a suborder of intrazonal soils, the properties of which are determined by the presence of neutral or alkali salts, or both.
1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 273/1Other desert soils are intra⁓zonal..and either contain appreciable amounts of calcium carbonate (the pedocal soils) or have relatively high concentrations of other soluble salts (the halomorphic soils).
1886 Webster Add. ,*Halophyte.
1894 F. W. Oliver et al.tr. Kerner'sNat. Hist. Plants I. 74Plants which only flourish abundantly on soils rich in alkaline salts are called halophytes. The same name has also been applied to plants which only thrive in sea-water.
1903 W. R. Fisher tr. Schimper's Plant-Geogr. 90Halophytes can thrive on ordinary soil..without any addition of common salt.
1909 Groom & Balfour tr. Warming's Oecol. Plants liv. 219A halophyte..is one form of xerophyte.
1966 New Scientist 2 June 575/1 Because of the removal of water by transpiration or in the harvested crop, the concentration of salts in the system will rise so that even halophytes will suffer.
1895 G. Henslow Orig. PlantStruct. 83*Halophytic plants, and others yielding ethereal oils.
1950 Engineering 26 Mar. 610/3 While..salt..is being washed out of the soil..the vegetation will still be halophytic.
1909 Groom & Balfour tr. Warming's Oecol. Plants xxxviii. 160The plankton of salt water may be subdivided into neritic and oceanic *halo⁓plankton.
1927 R. S. Lull Org. Evol. (rev. ed. ) iii. 43Marine or halo-plankton.
1929 Weaver & Clements PlantEcol. iv. 74Hydroseres in saline areas are distinguished as (salt) *haloseres.
1930 Jrnl. Ecol. XVIII. 201Halosere, the sere commencing in saline water or upon saline soil.
Ibid. 229 (heading)Communities developing within the halosere.
1964 K. A. Kershaw Quantitative & DynamicEcol. iii. 39Clements similarly termed the stages of salt marsh succession a halosere.
1922 Halowax (Condensite Co. of America) 3 *Halowax for impregnating paper round electrical condensers.
Ibid. 4Halowax is a trade name for chloro-naphthalene substitution products, i.e. , products in which chlorine atoms are substituted for those of hydrogen in the naphthalene.
1928 Daily Express 10 Jan. 3/7 The..Anti-Knock Compound..is a liquid consisting of tetra-ethyl lead, ethylene dibromide, halowax oil and red aniline dye.
1947 J. C. Rich Materials & Methods of Sculpture vi. 157Halowax is a synthetic wax with a high melting point. It is a strong and hard material and imparts a milky opaqueness to a cool wax formula.
1963 R. F. Webb Motorist'sDict. 121Halowax, a type of oil, blended with a tetra-ethyl lead compound used to lubricate the working parts of some mechanical superchargers.
1951 Chem. Abstr. XLV. 1951/2The C-halogen bonds in *halomethane.
1955 Jrnl. Chem. Physics XXIII. 1960/2The collision lifetimes of molecular vibrations for fourteen halo-methanes at 300°K.
1966 Jrnl. Org. Chem. XXXI. 908The behaviors of trialkylaluminums, alkyl Grignards, and alkyllithiums toward *halohydrocarbons are compared.
1970 Proc. Nat. Sci. Acad. LXVII. 1688,X is a chemically reactive group, such as diazonium or *haloacyl.
1975 Nature 17 July 193/1 Measurements of methyl chloride and other halomethanes in the air and coastal waters of southern England between December 1974 and April 1975.
1984 Greenwood & Earnshaw Chem. of Elements (1986) xvii. 959Such nucleophilic reagents may replace other halogens in halohydrocarbons by F but rarely substitute F for H.
1953 F. J. Honn in Kirk & Othmer Encycl. Chem. Technol. XI. 691The oils are also available..under the name *Halocarbon.
1958 W. A. Pennington in Clark & Hawley Encycl. Chem. Suppl. 148/1Strictly speaking, the term halocarbon applies to compounds containing only halogen and carbon atoms.
1986 Age (Melbourne) 6 Sept. 1/8 Dr Forgan said the Cape Grim station had monitored marked increases in the incidence of halocarbons and carbon dioxide levels over the past few years.
1991 Barnes & Mann Fund. AquaticEcol. (ed. 2) vi. 112/2Other synthetic halocarbons show similar properties.., including carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform and various exotic solvents.
1931 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LIII. 3494 (title)The *haloform reaction.
1934 Chem. Rev. XV. 275The haloform reaction comprises those processes whereby the haloforms are derived from organic compounds by the action of hypohalites.
1972 R. A. Jackson Mechanism iv. 67Carbenes can be generated in several ways, for example by photolysis of diazo-alkanes, or by treatment of haloforms with strong base.
1946 Brit. Patent 578,192 1/1The term *halophosphate will be used to denote any compound of the form 3M3(PO4)2.1M1L2, where M and M1 are bivalent metals, which may be the same, and L is a halogen ( F, Cl, Br, I ).
1966 P. Johnson in P. Goldberg Luminescence ofInorg. Solids v. 288The halophosphates, which have the chemical composition M5(PO4)3X and the structure of the mineral apatite.
1972 Physics Bull. Mar. 151/3The most important advance in the phosphor field was the application of halophosphate phosphors to the fluorescent lamp around 1946.
halo-
before vowels hal-, word-forming element meaning "salt, sea," from Greek hals (genitive halos) "a lump of salt, salt generally," in Homer, "the sea," from PIE *sal- "salt" (see salt, n.).
halo-
— see hal-
— see hal-
halo- 1
Prefix
- Forming compound words with the sense of ‘sea, salt, salt water’.
Etymology
Combining form of Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls, “sea, salt”).
halo- 2
Prefix
- chemistry Forming names of chemical compounds which contain one or more halogen atoms.
Etymology
From halogen.
Derived terms
English words prefixed with halo-