† and-, prefix Obs.The prep. and in comb., Goth. anda-, and-, OHG. ant-, ent-, ‘against, in return, opposite, fronting, toward.’ In OE. the full form (often labialized to ǫnd-) remained only under the stress, i.e. in ns. and adjs.; as ˈand-git apprehension, ˈandsǽte opposed, hostile, ˈandswaru answer, ˈandweard present. When proclitic, as in vbs., it was weakened to ǫn- as ǫnˈgitan to apprehend. The former still remains as an- in answer (see an- prefix 2); the latter, like ǫn- for an-, afterwards fell to a-, as in along (see a- prefix 4).

and-
an-, on-

Prefix

no longer productive A prefix of Old English origin meaning "against", "back", "in return", "away", represented in Modern English by a-, an-, on-, and in altered form by the reverse-action prefix un- (e.g. unbuckle). Also as the initial letter d in dread (< Old English ondrǣdan).

along

answer

onfang

onset

Etymology

From Middle English and-, ond-, from Old English and-, ond- (“against, back”), from Proto-Germanic *and-, *anda-, *andi- (“across, opposite, against, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“across, forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“forehead, foreside, end, limit”). Cognate with Dutch ont-, German ant-, ent-, emp-, Icelandic and-, Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-), Latin ante (“before”), Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).

References

and- in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

词汇	and-
词根词缀	OED Wiktionary † and-, prefix Obs.The prep. and in comb., Goth. anda-, and-, OHG. ant-, ent-, ‘against, in return, opposite, fronting, toward.’ In OE. the full form (often labialized to ǫnd-) remained only under the stress, i.e. in ns. and adjs.; as ˈand-git apprehension, ˈandsǽte opposed, hostile, ˈandswaru answer, ˈandweard present. When proclitic, as in vbs., it was weakened to ǫn- as ǫnˈgitan to apprehend. The former still remains as an- in answer (see an- prefix 2); the latter, like ǫn- for an-, afterwards fell to a-, as in along (see a- prefix 4). and- an-, on- Prefix no longer productive A prefix of Old English origin meaning "against", "back", "in return", "away", represented in Modern English by a-, an-, on-, and in altered form by the reverse-action prefix un- (e.g. unbuckle). Also as the initial letter d in dread (< Old English ondrǣdan). along answer onfang onset Etymology From Middle English and-, ond-, from Old English and-, ond- (“against, back”), from Proto-Germanic and-, anda-, andi- (“across, opposite, against, away”), from Proto-Indo-European h₂énti (“across, forth”), from Proto-Indo-European h₂ent- (“forehead, foreside, end, limit”). Cognate with Dutch ont-, German ant-, ent-, emp-, Icelandic and-, Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳-* (and-), Latin ante (“before”), Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”). References and- in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
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and-an-, on-

Prefix

Etymology

References

and-
an-, on-