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-ist

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-ist
suff.（后缀）

One that performs a specified action:
实施一项特殊活动的人：
lobbyist.
说客，游说者
One that produces, makes, operates, plays, or is connected with a specified thing:
…的专业人员，从事…的人：表示“生产、制造、操作、表演某一特定事情的人，或与其有关系的人”：
novelist.
小说家

A specialist in a specified art, science, or skill:
…的专家：表示“在特定的艺术、科学或技术领域的专家”：
biologist.
生物学家
An adherent or advocate of a specified doctrine, theory, or school of thought:
…主义者，…信仰者：表示“某一具体的学说、理论或学派思潮的信徒或拥护者”：
anarchist.
无政府主义者
One that is characterized by a specified trait or quality:
具有某一特点或特性的人：
romanticist.
浪漫主义者

语源

Middle English -iste
中古英语 -iste
from Old French
源自古法语
from Latin -istēs, -ista
源自拉丁语 -istēs, -ista
from Greek -istēs [agent n. suff]
源自希腊语 -istēs [行为者的名词后缀]

-ist

suffix

(forming nouns) a person who performs a certain action or is concerned with something specified

⇒ motorist

⇒ soloist

(forming nouns) a person who practises in a specific field

⇒ physicist

⇒ typist

(forming nouns and adjectives) a person who advocates a particular doctrine, system, etc, or relating to such a person or the doctrine advocated

⇒ socialist

(forming nouns and adjectives) a person characterized by a specified trait, tendency, etc, or relating to such a person or trait

⇒ purist

(forming nouns and adjectives) a person who is prejudiced on the basis specified

⇒ sexist

⇒ ageist

Origin

via Old French from Latin -ista, -istēs, from Greek -istēs

-ist

Word Origin

a suffix of nouns, often corresponding to verbs ending in -ize or nouns ending in -ism, that denote a person who practices or is concerned with something, or holds certain principles, doctrines, etc.:

apologist; dramatist; machinist; novelist; realist; socialist; Thomist.

Compare -ism, -istic, -ize.

Origin

Middle English -iste < Latin -ista < Greek -istēs; in some words, representing French -iste, German -ist, Italian -ista, etc., ≪ Latin < Greek, as above

Related Words

ecdysiast
enthusiast
lyrist
-istic
Alcoranist
Anglist

-ista suffix of nouns, often accompanying verbs ending in -ise/-ize or nouns ending in -ism, denoting someone who does, practises, or is concerned with something, or holds certain principles, doctrines, etc., as in apologist, dramatist, machinist, plagiarist, realist, socialist, theorist.

[from (often directly) Greek -istēs noun suffix. See -ise¹, -ism]

-ist

noun suffix

ETYMOLOGY French -iste, from Latin -ista, -istes, from Greek -istēs, from verbs in -izein -ize

1.
  a. one that performs a (specified) action
      cyclist
  : one that makes or produces a (specified) thing
      novelist
  b. one that plays a (specified) musical instrument
      harpist
  c. one that operates a (specified) mechanical instrument or contrivance
      automobilist
2. one that specializes in a (specified) art or science or skill
    geologist
    ventriloquist
3. one that adheres to or advocates a (specified) doctrine or system or code of behavior
    socialist
    royalist
    hedonist
or that of a (specified) individual
    Calvinist
    Darwinist

adjective suffix
: of, relating to, or characteristic of
elitist

-ist

/ɪst/

suffix

forming personal nouns and some related adjectives 构成人称名词及相关形容词：

denoting an adherent of a system of beliefs, principles, etc. expressed by nouns ending in -ism 表示“…主义者”, “…信仰者”：: hedonist

Marxist.

见-ISM.

■ denoting a person who subscribes to a prejudice or practises discrimination 表示“有偏见或有歧视的人”：: sexist.

denoting a member of a profession or business activity 表示“专业人员”, “从事…的人”：: dentist

dramatist

florist.

■ denoting a person who uses a thing 表示“使用…的人”：: flautist

motorist.

■ denoting a person who does something expressed by a verb ending in ize ［用于作出以-ize结尾动词的动作者］表示“…的实施者”：: plagiarist.

词源

from Old French -iste, Latin -ista, from Greek -istēs.

-ist, suffixcorresponding to F. -iste, L. -ista, Gr. -ιστής, forming agent-nouns from verbs in -ίζειν (see -ize), consisting of the agential suffix -της added to the verb-stem, as in βαπτίζ-ειν to dip, βαπτισ-τής dipper, L. baptista, F. baptiste baptist. Cognate to the suffix -ισµός, -ism.Examples of the Greek use are ἀγωνιστής combatant, competitor, λογιστής calculator, πολεµιστής warrior, σοϕιστής clever man, sophist; κιθαριστής player on the cithara, λυριστής player on the lyre, τυµπανιστής drummer; ἀττικιστής a partisan of Athens, one who Atticizes, Ἑλληνιστής a Hellenizer, one who speaks Greek; λακωνιστής one who sides with or imitates Lacedaemon, or uses laconism. A few words of this form were taken into Latin during or soon after the classical period, e.g. citharista, cymbalista, danīsta (usurer), grammatista, logista, lyrista, petaurista (rope-dancer), sophista, tympanista; the number of these was greatly increased by Christian writers, in the latinizing of scriptural and ecclesiastical terms, such as agōnista, baptista, catēchista, collybista, euangelista, exorcista, psalmista, tocista. In later use, -ista became a favourite formative of names denoting the observers of a particular rite, the holders of special religious or philosophical tenets, or the adherents of particular teachers or heresiarchs; hence such names as Catharista, Origenista, Platōnista, and in scholastic use Scotista, Thōmista, nōminālista, reālista, etc. Hence the suffix (with the needed adaptations, F. -iste, Eng. and Ger. -ist, etc.) has passed into the modern languages. In English, its use has received a wide extension, it being now used not merely as the agent-noun of verbs in -ize (beside -izer), as in plagiarize, plagiarist, and in association with nouns of action or function in -ism, as in altruism, altruist, but also, on the analogy of these, in a multitude of terms, having no corresponding words in -ize or -ism, which denominate the professed followers of some leader or school, the professional devotees of some principle, or the practisers of some art. In some cases, the form in -ist approaches closely to the native agent-noun in -er, being distinguished only by the more professional or systematic sense which it implies: cf. conformer, conformist; copier, copyist; cycler, cyclist; philologer, philologist. Many of the ns. in -ist give rise to adjs. in -istic, -istical; but words of modern formation are to a great extent used adjectively unchanged, as in the royalist party, a Bonapartist plot, nonconformist principles.The following are the chief modern English uses of the suffix:1. Forming a simple agent-noun derived from a Gr. verb in -ίζειν, and often accompanying an Eng. verb in -ize. Such are agonist, antagonist, baptist, catechist, epitomist, evangelist, exorcist; apologist, plagiarist, ostracist, syllogist.2. Designating a person who practises some art or method, or who prosecutes, studies, or devotes himself to some science, art, or branch of knowledge, originally expressed by a word of Greek formation in -ια (Eng. -y), -µα(τ) (-ma, -m), -η (-e), etc., but in later examples, also by words of Latin or other origin. Such are archæologist, chronologist, economist, etymologist, genealogist, geologist, meteorologist, mineralogist, mythologist, philologist, physiologist, zoologist; alchemist, algebr(a)ist, anatomist, botanist, chemist, metallurgist, microscopist, phlebotomist, physicist, physiognomist, theorist; academist, chirographist, monopolist, rhapsodist, symmetrist; bigamist, monogamist, polygamist; dogmatist, dramatist, epigrammatist, schematist, etc. To these may be added (from L. sources) annalist, capitalist, journalist, memorialist, mineralist, moralist, satirist, scientist (L. scientia), etc.These have a possible verb in -ize, often in use, e.g. anatomize, botanize, dogmatize, dramatize, economize, geologize, journalize, monopolize, moralize, theorize, etc.3. Designating an adherent or professor of some creed, doctrine, system, or art, which is usually denominated by a cognate -ism: e.g. altruist (a professor of altruism), animist, atheist, Chartist, deist, egoist, egotist, hedonist, monotheist, pædobaptist, polytheist, ritualist, ventriloquist, etc.; with a large number derived from personal names, as Bonapartist, Brownist, Buddhist, Calvinist, Darwinist, Hattemist, Scotist, Spinozist, Thomist, Wycliffist, and nonce-words without limit, as Lambist, Lockeist, Stuartist, Weismannist, etc.b. Formed on an adjective (usually also with a cognate n. in -ism and often an adj. in -istic), as devotionalist, externalist, fatalist, formalist, humanist, idealist, imperialist, loyalist, materialist, naturalist, nominalist, opportunist, pluralist, positivist, purist, rationalist, realist, royalist, socialist, universalist.4. Formed from other ns. (chiefly Latin) without accompanying words in -ize or -ism, and denoting one whose profession or business it is to have to do with the thing or subject in question, as amorist, artist, canonist, casuist, colourist, decretist, dentist, duellist, fashionist, florist, humorist, jurist, linguist, medallist, novelist, numerist, oculist, opinionist, organist, querist, statist, tobacco(n)ist. Also from names of languages, as Americanist, Anglist, Germanist, Hebraist, Hellenist, Latinist, Orientalist. Sometimes, from vbs., as conformist, computist, controvertist, favourist, impartist, separatist, speculatist.b. These lead the way to modern formations from current words of all kinds and even from phrases; as balloonist, billiardist, bimetallist, 'celloist, cocainist, cyclist, fetishist, footballist; with such nonce-formations as hammerist, selfist, truthist; great aukist, physical forcist, red tapist, second adventist, etc.Words in -ist are treated, according to their importance, in their alphabetical places, or under the Main words on which they are formed; the following are illustrations of some of those of more trivial or ephemeral character, nonce-words, and the like.1884Pall Mall G. 17 Sept. 11/1 Associations of amateur *balloonists.1897Pall Mall Mag. Feb. 196 Chalmers the *'celloist and orientalist.1897Westm. Gaz. 22 Jan. 8/1 A considerable proportion of chronic *cocainists have fallen under the dominion of the drug from a desire to stimulate their powers of imagination.1862Literary Churchman VIII. 207/2 If by any chance the Benedicite should be used, the *Consecutivist would be completely bewildered.1869Contemp. Rev. XII. 278 The obstructive Conservative in art may just as naturally be a classicist as a mediævalist or *dark-ageist.1868Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) II. App. 558 This time we for once get the *Godwinist version.1900Daily Express 20 June 5/2 The gem of the collection is a great auk's egg,..and is regarded by *great aukists as the finest specimen of its special type of marking in the world.1857Reade Course of True Love 48 The *hammerist [i.e. field geologist] can jump out of his gig at any turn of the road.1850tr. Mosheim's Eccl. Hist. (1863) III. iv. ii. ii. §36. 390 The Dutch sects of Verschorists and *Hattemists having been better known among us.1876Johnson Univ. Cycl., Hattemists, the followers of one Pontianus van Hattem, a Dutch minister of the eighteenth century who was excommunicated for Spinozism.1892Pall Mall G. 19 May 6/1 Philosopher—artist—and general *impartist Of cynical views on society.1898Daily News 3 Jan. 6/4 The Prince was not disposed to reject contemptuously those *Lamaist miracles of which he heard.1868Sala Lamb's Wks. I. p. xiv, There have not been any *Lambists; on no particular shoulders did the mantle of his idiosyncrasies descend.1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Literature Wks. (Bohn) II. 106 'Tis quite certain, that Spenser, Burns, Byron, and Wordsworth will be Platonists; and that the dull men will be *Lockeists.1848W. E. Forster 26 May in Wemyss Reid Life (1888) I. vii. 247 The *physical forcists have gained a strength in my absence which [etc.].1890J. W. Brown Ital. Campaign i. iv. 103 The Protestant movement..was prejudiced by *Plymouthists and their sectarian spirit.1842R. Ford Let. in Smiles Mem. J. Murray (1891) II. xxxvi. 491 [They] yield not in..insolence to any kind of *red-tapists.1897Westm. Gaz. 29 Dec. 2/1 The colony of German ‘*Second Adventists’, just outside the Jaffa Gate, has done far more than anything else to spoil the approach to the Holy City.1898Daily News 10 Oct. 7/4 There were six heats, and the *semi-finalists were Gandin, Deltour, Ashe, and Machenry.1889Daily News 4 Oct. 5/1 The true *Stuartists..were all for the propagation of the faith, according to the profession of the Order of the White Rose.1897Westm. Gaz. 5 Feb. 10/1 Our Stuartist and ‘White Rose’ ladies and gentlemen.1896Life A. J. Gordon 315 Not that one should be a pessimist..he should, above all else, be a *truthist.1890Times (weekly ed.) 10 Jan. 7/3 There are [in biology] pure Darwinists, Wallaceists, *Weismannists, Lamarckites, and Romanesists.

-ist

word-forming element meaning "one who does or makes," also used to indicate adherence to a certain doctrine or custom, from French -iste and directly from Latin -ista, from Greek -istes, from -is-, ending of the stem of verbs in -izein, + agential suffix -tes. Variant -ister (as in chorister, barrister) is from Old French -istre, on false analogy of ministre. Variant -ista is from Spanish, popularized in American English 1970s by names of Latin-American revolutionary movements.

-ist

[Noun] person or member:

podiatrist

-ist /ɪst/ suffix.

ORIGIN: French -iste, Latin -ista, Greek -istēs forming agent nouns from verbs in -izein: see -ize.

Forming personal nouns, sometimes agent nouns corresp. to verbs in -ize, as antagonist; more freq. denoting (a) a person who makes a systematic study of a particular art or science or who is occupied with something professionally or on a large scale: orig. corresp. to Greek abstract nouns in -ia, -mat-, etc., as chemist, dramatist, economist, geologist; later formed from nouns of other origins, as dentist, pianist, tobacconist; (b) an adherent of a particular system of beliefs, principles, discrimination, etc., corresp. to nouns in -ism, and often used also as adjectives, as Buddhist, Darwinist, idealist, Marxist, positivist, racist.

-ist

suffix forming nouns chiefly from other nouns.

a person who does or makes: Tourist = a person who tours.

an expert in an art or science: Botanist = an expert in botany.

a person who plays a musical instrument: Organist = a person who plays the organ.

a person engaged in or working with: Journalist = a person engaged in journalism. Machinist = a person working with machines.

a person who believes in: Socialist = a person who believes in socialism.

[< Greek (directly or through Latin -ista) -istė̄s, a noun suffix]

-ist
I. \ə̇st sometimes ˌist\ noun suffix
(plural -ists \-s(t)s\)
Etymology: Middle English -iste, from Old French & Latin; Old French -iste, from Latin -ista, from Greek -istēs, from -is- (from verb stems in -izein -ize) + -tēs (suffix forming agent nouns)
1.
a. : one that does : one that performs a (specified) action
  < cyclist >
  < balloonist >
  < duellist >
: one that makes or produces
  < novelist >
  < syllogist >
b. : one that plays a (specified) musical instrument
  < organist >
  < violinist >
c. : one that operates a (specified) mechanical instrument or contrivance
  < telegraphist >
2.
a. : one that practices or studies or specializes in a (specified) art or science or particular field of knowledge or particular skill
  < geologist >
  < mythologist >
  < algebraist >
  < ventriloquist >
b.
  (1) : one that is usually professionally occupied with or interested in
   < fashionist >
   < colorist >
  (2) : one that toys with or dabbles in
   < controvertist >
   < speculatist >
3. : one that professes or adheres to or advocates a (specified) doctrine or theory or system or policy or code of behavior or procedure
< deist >
< socialist >
< royalist >
< hedonist >
< purist >
or that supports the doctrine or theory or system or policy or code of behavior or procedure of a (specified) individual
< Calvinist >
< Darwinist >
< Hitlerist >
— especially in nouns corresponding to nouns in -ism
4. : one that is marked by
< pessimist >
< fatalist >
— especially in nouns corresponding to nouns in -ism
II. adjective suffix
: of, relating to, or characteristic of (something indicated)
< dilettantist >

-ist

IPA: /-ɪst/

Suffix

Added to words to form nouns denoting:
1. a person with a particular creative or academic role;
  
  artist, one who makes art
  
  violinist, one who plays a violin
  
  botanist, one who studies plants
  
  psychiatrist, one who practices psychiatry
2. one who subscribes to a particular theological doctrine or religious denomination;
  
  Calvinist, Baptist, deist
  
  Note, these are related to -isms: Calvinism, deism
3. one who owns or manages something;
  
  capitalist; industrialist
  
  Note, these are related to -isms: capitalism; industrialism
4. one who has a certain political tendency;
  
  Marxist, fascist, pacifist, activist, environmentalist,
  
  Note, these are related to -isms: Marxism, fascism, pacifism
5. a person who holds bigoted, partial views.
  
  sexist, racist: Note, these are related to -isms: sexism, racism

Etymology

From Old French -iste and Latin -ista, from Ancient Greek -ιστής (-istḗs), from -τής (-tḗs).

Derived terms

English words suffixed with -ist

后缀：-ist ①[名词后缀]

1、表示某种主义或某种信仰者

communist 共产主义者

socialist 社会主义者

nationalist 民族主义者

collectivist 集体主义者

materialism 唯物主义者

maturalist 自然主义者

imperialist 帝国主义者

extremist 极端主义者

2、表示从事某种职业的人、从事某种研究的人、与某事物有关的人

aritist 艺术家

scientist 科学家

typist 打字员

novelist 小说家

violinist 小提琴手

physicist 物理学家

dentist 牙科医生

tobacconist 烟草商人

chemist 化学家

copyist 抄写员

motorist 驾驶汽车者

druggist 药商，药剂师

moralist 道德家

progressist 进步分子

②[形容词后缀]

表示...主义的

communist 共产主义的

socialist 社会主义的

Marxist 马克思主义的

materialist 唯物主义的

nationalist 民族主义的

capitalist 资本主义的

词根词缀：-ist

【来源及含义】Greek > Latin: a suffix; one who believes in; one who is engaged in; someone who does something

【同源单词】abiogenist, abolitionist, abortionist, abrakophile, absolutist, absurdist

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suffix

Origin

-ist

Related Words

-ist

Suffix

Etymology

Derived terms

See also

后缀：-ist ①[名词后缀]

词根词缀：-ist