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词汇 epi-
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epi- 或 ep-
pref.（前缀）
  1. On; upon:
    在…上面；在…之上：
    epiphyte.
    附生植物
  2. Over; above:
    在…上方；上面的：
    epicenter.
    中心
  3. Around:
    在…周围：
    epicarp.
    外果皮
  4. Close to; near:
    在…旁边；附近：
    epicalyx.
    副萼
  5. Besides:
    附带：
    epiphenomenon.
    附带现象
  6. After:
    在…之后：
    epilogue.
    尾声

语源
  1. Greek
    希腊语
  2. from epi [upon] * see epi
    源自 epi [在…之上] *参见 epi
epi- or eph- or (before a vowel) ep-

prefix

on; upon; above; over
⇒ epidermis
⇒ epicentre
in addition to
⇒ epiphenomenon
after
⇒ epigenesis
⇒ epilogue
near; close to
⇒ epicalyx

Origin

from Greek, from epi (prep)

epi-

Word Origin
1
a prefix occurring in loanwords from Greek, where it meant “upon,” “on,” “over,” “near,” “at,” “before,” “after” (epicedium; epidermis; epigene; epitome); on this model, used in the formation of new compound words (epicardium; epinephrine).
Also, ep-, eph-.
Origin
< Greek, prefixal use of epí, preposition and adv.

Related Words

  • afikomen
  • bias
  • bishop
  • epiboly
  • epicedium
  • epicene
epi-a prefix meaning 'on', 'to', 'against', 'above', 'near', 'after', 'in addition to', sometimes used as an English formative, chiefly in scientific words, as epiblast, epicalyx, epizoon.
Also, ep-, eph-. [Greek, representing epi (preposition and adverb), ep- before vowel, eph- before aspirate]
epi-
prefix
or ep-
 ETYMOLOGY  Latin, from Greek, from epi on, at, besides, after; akin to Old English eofot crime
1. upon
    epiphyte
: besides
    epiphenomenon
: attached to
    epididymis
: over
    epicenter
: outer
    epiblast
: after
    epigenesis
2.
  a. chemical entity related to (such) another
      epimer
  b. chemical entity distinguished from (such) another by having a bridge connection
      epichlorohydrin
epi-
/ˈepɪ/  
（亦作 ep-）
prefix
1.
upon
表示“在…上”：

epigraph.

2.
above
表示“在…上方”, “在…以上”：

epicotyl

epicontinental.

3.
in addition
表示“附带”, “另外”：

epiphenomenon.

词源
from Greek epi 'upon, near to, in addition'.
epi-, prefixrepr. Gr. ἐπι- (before an unaspirated vowel usually ἐπ-, before an aspirated vowel ἐϕ-, represented in Eng. by ep-, eph-), used in prepositional and advb. senses, ‘upon, at, or close upon (a point of space or time), on the ground or occasion of, in addition’.1. In words derived from compounds which either were, or might legitimately have been, formed already in Greek. Also in mod. scientific terms after the analogy of words derived from Gr.; chiefly with sense ‘placed or resting upon’, as in epicalyx, epicorolline.2. a. In mod. Chemistry employed in the names epibromhydrin, epichlorhydrin, epicyanhydrin, epiiodohydrin, denoting substances of analogous composition belonging respectively to the bromhydrin, chlorhydrin, etc. series. They contain one equivalent of a salt-radical with 3 of carbon, 5 of hydrogen, and 1 of oxygen.1857W. A. Miller Elem. Chem. III. 382 Epichlorhydrin (C6H5O2Cl)..is a limpid oil.1910Encycl. Brit. I. 532/2 It [sc. acrolein] is also produced by the action of sodium on a mixture of epichlorhydrin and methyl iodide.1956Nature 21 Jan. 122/1 A polymer of repeating unit..which may be prepared from 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenoxyethane and epichlorhydrin in the presence of sodium hydroxide.b. [a. G. epi- (E. Votoček 1911, in Ber. d. Deut. Chem. Ges. XLIV. 360).] Occas. prefixed to the name of a sugar or sugar derivative to indicate that a second compound, bearing the prefix, is an epimer of the first.1911[see epimer].1932H. Pringsheim Chem. Monosaccharides & Polysaccharides iii. 38 Mannose might be termed ‘epiglucose’.1963K. Mayer tr. Stanĕk et al. Monosaccharides xviii. 507 The term epi-glucosamine is today reserved for d-mannosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-d-mannose).3. In Mineralogy prefixed to the names of certain minerals to form names of other minerals closely resembling them in composition, as in epibouˈlangerite, a sulph-antimonide of lead resulting from the decomposition of boulangerite. epiˈchlorite, a hydrous silicate of aluminium, iron, and magnesium. epiˈdiorite, a mineral differing from diorite in that the hornblende it contains is fibrous. epiˈstilbite, a zeolitic mineral, a hydrous silicate of aluminium, calcium, and sodium.1872Dana Min., 1st App. 5 Epiboulangerite.1850Dana Min. 263 Epichlorite..fuses only in thin fibres and with difficulty.1879Rutley Study Rocks xiii. 245 The viridite (chlorite, epichlorite, or chloritic matter).1887Dana Manual Min. 482 Epidioryte consists of plagioclase with hornblende, some quartz, a little orthoclase, and some pyroxen.1826Edin. Jrnl. Sc. IV. 286 The cleavage of epistilbite is quite perfect.
epi-
before vowels reduced to ep-, before aspirated vowels eph-, word-forming element meaning "on, upon, above," also "in addition to; toward, among," from Greek epi "upon, at, close upon (in space or time), on the occasion of, in addition," from PIE *epi, *opi "near, at, against" (cognates: Sanskrit api "also, besides;" Avestan aipi "also, to, toward;" Armenian ev "also, and;" Latin ob "toward, against, in the way of;" Oscan op, Greek opi- "behind;" Hittite appizzis "younger;" Lithuanian ap- "about, near;" Old Church Slavonic ob "on"). A productive prefix in Greek; also used in modern scientific compounds (such as epicenter).
epi-

upon, close to, over, after, altered:
epicenter, epicarp, epilogue, epigone, epidiorite
epi- /ˈɛpi/ prefix. Usu. ep- /ɛp, unstressed ɪp/ before an unaspirated vowel, eph- /ɛf, unstressed ɪf/ before an aspirated one.
ORIGIN: Repr. Greek epi on, near to, above, in addition.
1.Occurring, esp. in scientific words, with the senses ‘on’, as epicycle, epigraph, ‘above, overlying’, as epicotyl, epidermis, ‘near to’, as epipubis, ‘in addition’, as epiphenomenon.
2.Chemistry, Mineralogy, & Geology. In names of substances, denoting (a) analogy or similarity of composition, (b) a bridge in a molecule.
 DERIVATIVE epiˈcalyx noun, pl. -yces /-ɪsi:z/, -yxes, Botany a whorl of small bracts like sepals surrounding the true calyx in certain plants, esp. members of the mallow family L19.
epicarp noun (Botany) the outermost layer of the pericarp in a fleshy fruit; the peel, the skin: E19.
epichile /-kʌɪl/ noun [Greek kheilos lip] Botany the flat projecting outer part of the hinged labellum found in some orchids M19.
epichlorˈhydrin noun Chemistry a cyclic epoxide, C3H5OCl, that is a toxic flammable volatile liquid used esp. in the manufacture of epoxy resins M19.
epiˈchordal adjective (Zoology) situated or occurring on the dorsal side of the notochord L19.
epiˈclastic adjective (Geology) (of rock) formed on the earth's surface by the alteration of pre-existing rocks L19.
epiˈcormic adjective (Botany) [Greek kormos trunk (of a tree)] (of a shoot or branch) growing from a previously dormant bud on the trunk or a limb of a tree E20.
epicotyl /-ˈkɒtɪl/ noun (Botany) the part of an embryo or seedling stem above the cotyledon(s) L19.
epiˈcranial adjective of or pertaining to the scalp M19.
epicuticle, -ˈticula noun (a) the thin waxy outer layer covering insects and other arthropods; (b) the thin membrane forming the outer part of the cuticle of animal hairs etc.: E20.
epicuˈticular adjective of or pertaining to the epicuticle M20.
epiˈdiorite noun (Geology) any rock formed from a basic igneous rock by metamorphism, with the original pyroxene transformed into amphibole L19.
epifluoˈrescence noun fluorescence of an object in an optical microscope when irradiated from the viewing side L20.
epiˈfocal adjective situated above the focus of an earthquake L19.
epiˈlithic adjective (Botany) growing on stone E20.
epiˈotic adjective & noun (Zoology) (a) adjective situated above the ear; spec. designating one of the five otic bones that may be present in vertebrates; (b) noun an epiotic bone: L19.
epipeˈlagic adjective of, pertaining to, or designating the upper layer of the ocean, down to 100 or 200 metres M20.
epiˈpetalous adjective (Botany) (of stamens) attached to petals M19.
epiˈpharynx noun (Zoology) any of various structures developed from the roof of the mouth cavity in some insects and arachnids E19.
epiˈplankton noun plankton in the upper layer of the sea, down to about 100 metres L19.
epiplankˈtonic adjective of, pertaining to, or designating epiplankton M20.
epiplasm noun the cytoplasm remaining in the ascus of a fungus after the dispersal of its spores L19.
epipˈteric adjective & noun (Anatomy) (designating) a small Wormian bone sometimes found between the parietal and the greater wing of the sphenoid L19.
epipˈterygoid adjective & noun (Zoology) (designating) a slender vertical bone situated above the pterygoid in the skull of some reptiles and primitive tetrapods L19.
epiˈpubic adjective (Zoology) situated on the pubis; of the nature of an epipubis: L19.
epiˈpubis noun (Zoology) a cartilage or bone in front of the pubis in amphibians, reptiles, and marsupials L19.
epiˈscleral adjective (Anatomy) of, pertaining to, or overlying the surface of the sclera of the eye M19.
epispore noun (Botany) the outer covering of a spore of a lichen or fern M19.
epiˈstoma, epistome noun (Zoology) a structure or region above or over the mouth in some invertebrates M19.
epiˈtheca noun (a) a calcareous layer surrounding part of the theca of some corals; (b) the outer of the two overlapping halves of the cell wall of a diatom: M19.
epiˈthecium noun, pl. -ia /-ɪə/, Botany the surface layer of the fruiting body in certain lichens and fungi L19.
epitope noun [Greek topos place] Medicine the part of an antigen molecule to which an antibody molecule attaches itself M20.
epiˈtopic adjective (Medicine) of or pertaining to an epitope M20.
epiˈtrochlear adjective (Anatomy) situated above or near the trochlea of the elbow joint M20.
epizone noun (Geology) a metamorphic zone characterized by moderate temperature, low pressure, and high stress M20.
epi-
prefix. on; upon; above; in addition; toward; among: Epicalyx = on the calyx. Epidermis = upon or above the dermis. Also, ep- before vowels and h.
[< Greek epi-, related to epí on, upon, besides, toward]
epi-
prefix
or ep- also eph-
Etymology: epi- from Middle English, upon, from Middle French & Medieval Latin; Middle French, from Medieval Latin, from Latin, from Greek, from epi on, upon, to; ep- from Middle French, from Latin, from Greek, from epi; eph- from Latin, from Greek, from epi; akin to Old English eofot crime, Gothic iftuma next, following, Latin ob to, before, on account of, Sanskrit api besides
1. : upon
 < epiphyte >
: besides
 < epenthesis >
: near to
 < epencephalon >
: over
 < epicenter >
: outer
 < epidermis >
: anterior
 < epicnemial >
: prior to
 < epacme >
: after
 < epembryonic >
— epi- before consonants other than h, and sometimes ep- before vowels and eph- before h (which is not repeated), but sometimes epi- even before h or a vowel
2. : chemical compound or group related in some manner to a (specified) chemical compound or group: as
 a. : epimer of a (specified) chemical compound
  < epicholesterol >
  < epirhamnose >
 b. : chemical compound or group distinguished from a (specified) chemical compound or group by having a bridge connection
  < epichlorohydrin >
  < 9,10-epidioxyanthracene >
3. : altered — in petrographic terms
 < epidiorite >
4. : resting on as a geological stratum : following in time — in names of geological eras, periods, systems, series, or formations
 < Eparchean >

epi-

Prefix

  1. Above, over, on, in addition to.

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, “on top of”).

Derived terms

  • epicenter
  • epidermis
  • epidemic
  • epidural
  • epigenetics
  • epiglottis
  • epigraph
  • epilogue
  • epiphenomenon
  • epistellar
  • epitome
  • epiblast
  • epidermic

    • 前缀：epi- 表示"在….上, 在….周围, 在….后面"

    epidemic 流行性的（epi+dem人民＋ic→在人民周围→流行的）

    epigram 警句，格言（epi+gram写→写在上面的话→格言）

    epilogue 后记，结尾部分（epi+lougue说→在后面说的话→后记）

    episode 一段经历，片段（epi+sode路→在路上→一段经历；片段）

    epitome 梗概，缩影（epi+tome卷册→〔一卷书后的〕梗概）
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    更新时间：2025/2/13 19:12:18