macro- 或 macr-
pref.（前缀）
语源
pref.（前缀）
- Large:
大的：
macronucleus.
大核 - Long:
长的：
macrobiotics.
长寿饮食法 - Inclusive:
范围广的：
macroinstruction.
宏指令
语源
- Greek makro-
希腊语 makro- - from makros [large] * see māk-
源自 makros [大的] *参见 māk-
macro- or (before a vowel) macr-
combining form
large, long, or great in size or duration
⇒
macroscopic
(in pathology) indicating abnormal enlargement or overdevelopment
⇒
Compare micro- (sense 5)
macrocyte
Compare micro- (sense 5)
producing larger than life images
⇒
macrophotography
Origin
from Greek makros large; compare Latin macer meagremacro-
Word Origin
1
a combining form meaning “large,” “long,” “great,” “excessive,” used in the formation of compound words, contrasting with micro-: macrocosm; macrofossil; macrograph; macroscopic.
Also, especially before a vowel, macr-.
Origin
< Greek makro-, combining form of makrós long; cognate with Latin macer lean; see meager
Can be confused
macro-, micro-.
Related Words
- amphimacer
- macrobiosis
- macrobiotic
- macrocarpous
- macrocephalic
- macroclimate
macro-a prefix meaning 'long', 'large', 'great', 'excessive', used especially in scientific or economics terminology, contrasting with micro-, as in macrocosm, macropod.
Also, (before vowels), macr-. [Greek makro-, combining form of makros]
macro-
combining form
⇨ see macr-
combining form
⇨ see macr-
macro-
combining form
1.
- long; over a long period表示“长的”, “长期的”：
-
macroevolution.
2.
- large; large-scale表示“大的”, “大规模的”：
-
macromolecule
macronutrient.
- ■ (used in medical terms) large compared with the norm表示“异常大的”（用于医学术语）：
-
macrocephaly.
词源
from Greek makros 'long, large'.
1889 Syd. Soc. Lex. ,*Macrocephalia, Macrocephaly.
1883 Ashhurst's Internat. Encycl. Surg. III. 34*Macro⁓chilia.
1899 Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 455Macrocheilia is a similar condition to macroglossia.
1862 Syd. Soc. Yearbk. 117Case of *Macroglossia.
1870 Holmes' Syst. Surg. (ed. 2) IV. 216Macro-glossia.
1899 Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 452They..may occur on the limbs, giving rise to *macro⁓melia.
1854 Jones & Siev. Pathol. Anat. (1874) 535*Makro⁓stomia, is prolongation of the corners of the mouth.
1905,1969 *Macrochromosome . [ see microchromosomes.v. micro- 1]
1887 Garnsey & Balfour tr. De Bary's Fungi 458Cocci..are distinguished..according to their dimensions into micrococci, *macrococci, and monad-forms.
1874 Cooke Fungi 175As early as 1860 he recognized the large..vesicles which originate the fertile tissue, but did not comprehend the part which these *Macrocysts were to perform. [ Tulasne]
1884 H. M. Ward in Q.Jrnl. Microscop.Sci. XXIV. 279Each pair consists of a macrocyst and a so-called paracyst.
1967 Anglo-Amer. Catal. Rules:Brit. Text 267*Macroform, a reproduction large enough to be easily read by the unaided eye. Used in contradistinction to ‘microform’.
1937 G. D. Hanna in Camp & Hanna Methods in Paleont. ii. 79Under the term *macrofossils it will be desirable to treat together many of the larger groups of invertebrates such as the Mollusca, Brachiopoda, Echinodermata, Bryozoa, and Crustacea... All forms more than 10 mm. in diameter will be treated as macrofossils.
1969 Bennison & Wright Geol. Hist. Brit. Isles ii. 34The larger fossils (macrofossils) of the Chalk are largely neritic.
1974 A. Huxley Plant & Planet ii. 9Tertiary and Cretaceous sediments in Venezuela and Borneo..yielded a detailed pollen record but virtually no macro-fossils.
1899 Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 945The female gametocyte, consisting of a single *macrogamete.
1903 E. A. Minchin Sporozoa in Ray LankesterZool. i. Protozoa 215Since..the gametes are differentiated into male elements or microgametes, and female elements or macrogametes, their mother cells must be distinguished further into microgametocytes and *macrogametocytes.
1853 Henfrey [ tr. Braun's Rejuvenesc.] Bot. &Physiol. Mem. (RaySoc. ) 137Plants with two kinds of moving germ-cells, large (*macrogonidia) and small (microgonidia).
1959 *Macroinstruction . [ see microinstruction]
1959,1961 . [ see macron. 1]
1961 Times 3 Oct. (Computer Suppl. ) p. x/5Through the use of these macro-instructions the computer can be given the semblance of being a much more powerful machine than it really is.
1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing xix. 312By introducing macro instructions in the source language, the designer can bring about the same ease of programming as could be achieved by giving the computer a more powerful operation list than it really has. But naturally, one does not get the same advantages in terms of economy of memory space and computer time as would be obtained if the more powerful instructions were really built into the machine.
1972 Macro instruction . [ see macron. 1]
1903 E. A. Minchin Sporozoa in Ray LankesterZool. i. Protozoa 256Within the cytocyst the schizont may break up into smaller micromerozoites or larger *macromerozoites.
1892 J. A. Thomson Outlines of Zoology 101In the ciliated Infusorians there are two nuclear bodies... The smaller or micro-nucleus lies by the side of the larger or *macro-nucleus.
1949 I. F. & W. D. Henderson Dict. Sci. Terms (ed. 4) 240/1*Macrophagous...Feeding on relatively large masses of food; opp. microphagous.
1951 M. Abercrombie et al.Dict. Biol. 130All land animals are macrophagous.
1964 Oceanogr. & MarineBiol. II. 396He finds both microphagous and macrophagous mechanisms are used in this species [ sc. A. R. Fontaine] . [ sc. Ophiocomina nigra]
1888 Amer. Nat. XXII. 942The head..is divided into..the primitive head-segment..and the gnathophorous *macrosomite.
Ibid. 941The..primary or *macrosomitic segmentation of the primitive body.
1934 C. H. Curran Families & Genera N.Amer. Diptera 487*Macrotrichia—The larger microscopic hairs on the surface of the wings.
1957 Richards & Davies Imms'sTextbk. Ent. (ed. 9) i. 12Setae or Macrotrichia are commonly known as hairs and each arises from a cup-like pit or alveolus.
Ibid. 38Macrotrichia or true setae..are found on the main veins and their branches,..less frequently on the wing-membrane.
1970 E. F. Riek in Insects of Australia (CommonwealthSci. &Industr. Res. Organization) xxxvii. 875/2Hooked macrotrichia may occur over most of the fore margin of the hind wing . [ in Hymenoptera]
1958 Jrnl. du ConseilInternat. Explor. de la Mer XXIV. 32Samples of *macrovegetation were collected in the spring.
1960 Oikos XI. 183 (heading) Subaquatic macrovegetation in Ösbysjön, Djursholm.
1880 Bessey Botany 223The protoplasmic contents of certain cells break up into a large number of daughter-cells (*macrozoogonidia). [ of Hydrodictyon]
1875 Q. Jrnl. Microscop.Sci. XV. 396*Macrozoospores (which germinate asexually).
1898 Dana Mineral. ,*Macro-axis.
1848 Webster, *Macro⁓diagonal.
1858 Thudichum Urine 143The planes..of the macrodiagonal prism at an angle of 85° 14′. [ are inclined]
1883 Heddle in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 360/1To the greater lateral axis the name macrodiagonal is given.
Ibid. 360/2When n = ∞ a *macrodome results.
Ibid. ,The limiting *macropinacoid.
Ibid. ,On the one side originate numerous *macroprisms.
Ibid. ,A new pyramid is produced, named a *macropyramid.
1878 Lawrence tr. Cotta's Rocks Classified 29Cleavage prismatic, very perfect, *Macro⁓domatic perfect.
1882–4 Cooke Brit. Fresh-w. Algæ I. 148Male plants, dwarf (nannandrous)..or elongated (*macrandrous).
1902 Biometrika Aug. 462 Dolichocephaly and chamaecephaly in both races are associated with *macrocranial characters.
1907 Practitioner Aug. 318 The population of the south-west of Scotland, exclusive of Glasgow, is longheaded or macrocranial.
1837 Partington Brit. Cycl. Nat. Hist. III. 73*Macrodactyles, long toes. The last of the regular families into which Cuvier divides the stilt birds or waders.
1836 ― Ibid. II. 886Cuvier's *Macrodactylic, or long-toed family of Echassiers, or stilt birds.
1848 Maunder Treas. Nat. Hist. Gloss. ,*Macrodactylous, furnished with long toes adapted for traversing floating leaves and aquatic herbage.
1891 Flower & Lydekker Mammals 745Thick, everted lips; prognathous jaws; large teeth (*macrodont). [ Negroid type.]
1970 F. Snowden Blacks in Antiquity 23The circumcised and *macrophallic Ethiopians.
1972 Sunday Times 23 Apr. 43 Commercial porn..with its inevitable distortions, brutalised women and macrophallic faceless men.
1871 W. A. Leighton Lichen-flora 55Thallus *macrophylline.
1856 Mayne Expos. Lex. ,Macrophyllus..*macrophyllous.
1881 in Academy 22 Oct. 315The *macropleural and brachypleural types.
1886 Ford in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. Ser. iii. XXXII. 475Reasons for believing that the Brachypleural species of the genus Paradoxides are more recent than the Macropleural.
1887 Ward tr. Sachs'Physiol. Plants 790The pollen of the *macrostylous flowers is transferred to the microstylous stigma of another plant.
1840 Smart, *Macrotous, long-eared.
1821 Jameson Man. Mineral. 55*Macro⁓typous Limestone.
1939 Geogr. Jrnl. XCIII. 463As in all local climates strong departure from the *macroclimate develops in the climates of cities in calm cloudless weather.
1967 M. J. Coe Ecol. Alpine ZoneMt. Kenya 59This remarkable contrast between the micro- and macroclimates of these areas is expressed even more clearly by Mani.
1971 J. Z. Young Introd. Study Man xxxviii. 544The British..move with less protection in their damp but equable macroclimate.
1939 Ecology XX. 30 Microclimate..makes it possible for smaller groups of preclimax vegetation to persist as relict colonies long after *macroclimatic changes have shifted formations.
1946 S. A. Wilde Forest Soils iii. 21Macro⁓climatic soil-forest zones.
1939 Ann. Reg. 1938 369The gene theory was applied increasingly to problems of *macro-evolution.
1940 R. Goldschmidt Material Basis of Evolution iii. 8Microevolution..has been used..for evolutionary processes observable within the span of a human lifetime as opposed to macroevolution, on a geological scale.
1972 Listener 3 Aug. 138/2 There may be a different mechanism for grand heroic macro-evolution and for ordinary humdrum everyday evolution at species or sub-species level.
1955 Bull. AtomicSci. Feb. 42/2There are some who profess to see in matters of culture, in matters precisely of the arts and sciences, a certain *macro-historical pattern, a grand system of laws which determines the course of civilization and gives a kind of inevitable quality to the unfolding of the future.
1902 Mann & Millikan tr. Drude's Theory of Optics p. vii,Pure electromagnetic experiments lead to conclusions in what may be called the domain of *macrophysical properties only. For the explanation of optical dispersion a hypothesis as to the microphysical properties of bodies must be made.
1956 E. H. Hutten Lang. Mod. Physics v. 179Two micro-physical events are connected in a different way from two macro-physical events.
1960 Times 15 Mar. 2/2 A study of the relationships between the macro⁓physical properties of soils and the physical chemistry of their colloidal constituents.
1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. ,*Macrophysics.
1936 Discovery Mar. 96/2 Thirteen unsolved problems are listed, ranging from those concerning the creation of the universe..to the structure of the atom, from macrophysics and astronomy via biology..back to physical science again.
1956 Nature 18 Feb. 321/1 Mr. F. H. Ludlam..pointed out that the partitioning (into micro-, macro- and synoptic-physics) of cloud studies..must not be made too rigid.
1966 Economist 11 June 1206/1 To mention only a few , largely concerned with *macro-planning: welfare-theoretical problems and planner's and consumer's sovereignty are the theme of Joan Robinson. [ contributions]
1973 Financial Times 26 Mar. 16/4 The macro-planning functions of the metropolitan county (mainly transport and town and country planning, together with fire and police, consumer protection, ). [ etc.]
1951 R. Firth Elem. Social Organiz. i. 18If the distinguishing feature of the anthropologist is micro-sociological technique, his theory is *macro-sociological.
1970 New Society 5 Feb. 232/3 The approach, the initiated will recognise, is essentially macrosociological.
1941 G. Gurvitch in Jrnl. Philos. XXXVIII. 486*Macrosociology is the study of the world of groups and of global societies, each of which are microcosms of the forms of sociality.
1958 W. Stark Sociol. ofKnowl. i. 20It might be useful..to call the one the macrosociology of knowledge, because it fixes its attention on the inclusive society.
1934 Webster, Macro adj. = macro-.
1937 Mind XLVI. 327 Quantum mechanics, moreover, claims applicability not only to micro-processes; it also contains laws of mechanics which are applicable to macro-processes.
1954 Gloss. Terms Iron & Steel (B.S.I.) i. 19Macro etch test, etching with acids or other reagents to reveal the macro structure, flow lines and/or defects.
1957 C. Day Lewis Poet's Way ofKnowl. 14Until recently the scientist has sought for general laws governing macro-events, and has drawn from them inferences about individual events.
1959 K. R. Popper LogicSci. Discovery ii. viii. 196Observable physical effects are interpreted as ‘macro laws’.
1961 G. H. Orcutt et al. Microanalysis Socioecon.Syst. p. xv,Given the possibility of experimentation at both micro- and macrolevels, it has been possible for the physical sciences to achieve great successes at both levels without the necessity of predicting aggregate behavior on the basis of knowledge about microbehavior.
1962 J. T. Marsh Self-Smoothing Fabrics xv. 263This type of staining test..does, however, demonstrate irregularity of distribution on a macro-basis as distinct from a micro-basis, and provide useful evidence of uneven impregnation during padding, or of resin migration during drying.
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. &Technol. XI. 143/2The instruments and apparatus used in microanalytical work are to some extent miniature replicas of macro instruments and apparatus.
1967 Cox & Grose Organiz.Bibliogr. Rec. by Computer v. 107Before I move from the macro-level of the overall design of a MARC service to the minutiae of record data content and file organization.
1967 D. Wilson in Wills & Yearsley Handbk. Managem. Technol. iii. 47The logic for the individual programs is expressed in terms of macro and micro block-diagrams. The macro block-diagrams show the main logic for a particular program and may be prepared by the systems analyst; the micro block-diagrams show the detailed logic for program coding and will be prepared by the programmer.
1970 Guardian Weekly 18 Apr. 15 Revolutions, including the Russian one, made the mistake of insisting that the macro-change, of the whole system, should come before micro-change, of the life style.
1971 New Scientist 21 Jan. 100/1 Undoubtedly a number of serious macro-problems face the Ulster community.
Ibid. 100/2In the absence of a knowledge of these macro-changes, systems will continue to evolve on the basis of year-to-year crisis decisions.
1971 Good Motoring Sept. 9/2 As vehicle speeds rise from 25–30 mph to 60–70 mph, however, tyre grip in wet weather diminishes unless there is also ‘macro’ or large-scale roughness of the surface.
1973 A. E. Wilkerson Rights of Children 307These issues..reflect the necessity for a macro-approach to child welfare.
1974 Times Lit. Suppl. 8 Mar. 242/5The forms and methods of economic management, both micro and macro.
1933 Biochem. Jrnl. XXVII. 434The present micro-method for urea in 0·2 cc of blood compares very favourably with the comparatively macro-method of Van Slyke and Cullen.
1938 Arthur & Smith Semi-Micro Qualitative Analysis i. 3Dealing with samples of only 3 to 5 mg. (compared with the usual 0·5 to 1·0 g. macro sample), the micro method consumes much less time for reactions..and in many other ways proves superior to the macro methods.
1946 Meldrum & Daggett Textbk. Qualitative Analysis i. 2The two..generally applicable methods of qualitative analysis of inorganic materials are the macro and the semimicro methods.
1974 . [ see micro- 8 b]
1956 Focal Encycl. Photogr. 688/1A camera with back focusing is a great advantage in macro work.
1961 L. A. Mannheim tr. Croy's Camera Close Up 85The maximum aperture of a macro-lens depends..on its design.
Ibid. 88Macro-exposures. Exposures in close-up work have to allow for..the subject and its lighting..and the scale of reproduction.
1968 Gaunt & Petzold Pict. Cycl. Photogr. 425/2The main requirement for a macro-camera is adequate lens extension.
1971 Amat. Photographer 13 Jan. 80/1 ( Advt. ),50 mm f/3·5 Macro.
1974 Ibid. 29 May 8/1The picture on the left could only have been taken with a macro lens.
Ibid. ,It's impossible to combine macro and telephoto in one lens.
1967 Jrnl. Clin. Path. XX. 748/1In some livers..there was indeed a superficial resemblance to *macronodular cirrhosis of the incomplete septal type.
1976 Edington & Gilles Path. in Tropics (ed. 2) xi. 542The terms portal and postnecrotic would probably be better expressed morphologically as micronodular and macronodular respectively.
1984 Tighe & Davies Pathology (ed. 4) xvii. 163In macronodular cirrhosis it is usually small and coarsely scarred. [ sc. the liver]
1987 Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. x. 22/1The rare syndrome of macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia must be distinguished from adrenal adenomas.
1964 New Scientist 12 Mar. 685/1 The real cause of our attachment to *macroengineering is at once more subtle and more profound.
1978 N.Y. Times 19 Feb. iv. 7/1A one-day discussion was held on ‘macro-engineering’ projects—the construction of things so big size alone makes them different from all other things.
1983 Space Solar Power Rev. iv. 65Macro-engineering is nothing more than the study, preparation, and execution of the largest engineering works which mankind can accomplish at any particular period of time.
1940 R. Goldschmidt Material Basis of Evolution v. 396Species and the higher categories originate in single *macroevolutionary steps as completely new genetic systems.
1987 Economist 23 May 95/1 This notion is part of ‘macro-evolution’. Here is another macro-evolutionary idea: if creatures get better adapted to their environments, they should..get better at avoiding extinction.
1966 F. Schurmann Ideol. & Organization in Communist ChinaIntrod. 3Every civilized society has complex organizations, ranging from *macrosocietal political networks down to the smallest human groupings.
1977 Language LIII. 180 He misses the interplay between macro-societal factors and language choice in the individual interaction.
1992 Guardian 30 May 23/8 It was the Tories, though initially beleaguered by the new spirit, who learnt how to master it in its macro-societal form.
1958 Henderson & Quandt Microeconomic Theory i. ii. 3Prices are relevant in macro theories, but macro theorists usually..deal with aggregate price indices.
1961 G. Ackley Macroecon. Theory (1965) xx. 572We can derive no..meaningful macro-functions.
1974 Times Lit. Suppl. 8 Mar. 242/5The forms and methods of economic management, both micro and macro.
1979 E. Newman Sunday Punch iii. 24,I had recently written a stirring editorial coming down on the macro side and thought it only a matter of time before microeconomics gave up the unequal struggle.
1985 Investors Chron. 8 Nov. 20/2The other important ‘macro’ influence is of course the growth of disposable income.
1991 Financial Times 20 Mar. 34/6 On the macro side, the action fortunately rests now far more with the Bank of England..than with the British Budget.
macro-
word-forming element meaning "long, abnormally large, on a large scale," taken into English via Middle French and Medieval Latin from Greek makros "long, large," from PIE root *mak- "long, thin" (cognates: Latin macer "lean, thin;" Old Norse magr, Old English mæger "lean, thin;" Greek mekos "length").
ORIGIN: Greek makro- , from makros long, large: see -o-
☞ macro
macro-
combining form
see macr-
see macr-
macro-
Prefix
- large
- macronucleus
- long
- macrobiotics
- inclusive
- macroinstruction
Etymology
From French, from Latin, from Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”).
Usage notes
Derived terms
English words prefixed with macro-
Related terms
前缀：macro- 表示“宏伟, 大”
macroworld 宏观世界（macro+world世界）
macrostructure 宏观结构（macro+structure结构）
macroscale 大规模的（macro+scale规模）
macrobian 长寿的（macro+bi生命＋an→大生命→长寿）
macroclimate 大气候（macro+climate气候）
前缀：macro- 大、宏、长
macroclimate 大气候
macroworld 宏观世界
macroeconomics 大经济学
macrocosm 宏观世界
macrochange 大变动
macrostructure 宏观结构
macroplan 庞大的计划
macrophysics 宏观物理学
macroscale 大规模
macrobian 长寿的（人）
macrosociology 大社会学
macropod 长足的（动物）