▪ I.on-, prefix¹the prepositional adv. on (unstressed form of OE. an, ǫn) in combination with vbs. and their derivatives, and sometimes with other ns. The old nominal compounds had the stressed form, as in OE. anginn, ǫnginn, beginning, anfilt, ǫnfilti, anvil. The compounds in on- belong to the following classes:1. Old verbal compounds, as onbídan to onbide, oncnáw-an to recognize, acknow. Such of these as survived the OE. period appear in their alphabetical place under on- or a-.2. Later verbal compounds or collocations of adv. and verb. In these the union of elements is incomplete, and the adv. may be moved to another position than immediately before the vb., where however it regularly stands in the inf. and pples., so that these acquire more the character of permanent combinations. Examples are † on-become, to befall, happen; † on-cry, to cry or call upon; on-draw, to draw on; † on-lace, to lace on; † on-look, to look on; on-sweep, to sweep on; † on-take, to take on, assume, behave: see take v.c1305St. Lucy 60 in E.E.P. (1862) 103 To seinte Lucie norice he wende: and eschte hire faste ‘What Lucie were so *onbicome’.c1315Shoreham Poems (E.E.T.S.) 146/487 Hyt on-by-come ine eche place Ȝef ech [þ]yng hadde ylyche grace To ioye and blysse.1664Flodden F. iv. 40 Then each Captain he did *oncry.1898T. Hardy Wessex Poems 83 By Joidoigne, near to east, as he *ondrew, Dawn pierced the humid air.1513Douglas æneis xi. Prol. 102 Rays hie the targe of faith vp in thi hand, On hed the halsum helm of hop *onlace.a1875J. W. Miles in Schaff & Gilman Libr. Relig. Poetry (1881) 35 That all his shattered aims, his hopes bewept, Are in God's counsels deep and fathomless *onswept.1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3548 Þat hii nuste hou *on take [v.r. on to take], ne wat for honger do.c1325Spec. Gy Warw. 267 Allas! what sholen hij onne take, Þat wolden here her god forsake?3. With pr. and pa. pples. forming adjs., as ˈon-carrying (= carrying on; hence ˈoncarryingness), on-marching, on-rolling, on-running, on-surging, on-sweeping.a1834Coleridge in Literature (1897) 23 Oct. 11/2 The *oncarryingness of his [Scott's] diction.1609Daniel Civ. Wars viii. xvi, Gather'd by th' *on-marching Enemy.1863Not an Angel I. 184 To hold by his arm for some security against the onmarching multitude.1854J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon (1855) I. xx. 325 The *on-rolling billow of Austrian victory.1599Daniel Musophilus 713 To pull back th' *on-running state of things.1884Chicago Advance 31 Jan., The fury of the *onsurging barbarians.1896Ibid. 16 Apr. 553/1 The *onsweeping purposes..of God.4. a. With vbl. ns. and nouns of action, forming ns. (sometimes concrete), as on-bringing (= bringing on), on-carrying, on-leaping, Sc. on-louping (= mounting a horse), on-moving, on-putting, on-sweeping, etc. (which can be formed at pleasure); on-go, going on, progress, advance; on-roll, onward roll; onsurge, an onward surge; on-sweep, onward sweep; also with agent-nouns, as on-bearer, on-goer, on-pusher, etc. See also onlooker, etc.1898T. Hardy Wessex Poems 135 Changing anew my *onbearer I traversed the downland.1658J. Durham Exp. Revelation ii. vi. (1680) 145 This inability is of her own *onbringing.1737E. Erskine Serm. Wks. 1871 II. 452 The *oncarrying of the designs of his glory.1894Chicago Advance 11 Oct. 58/1 As viewed in the retrospect of two years absence..its ordinary *on-go is indeed extraordinary.1600Gowrie's Consp. in Select fr. Harl. Misc. (1793) 190 Maister Alexander Ruthven..haisted him fast downe to ouertake his maiestie before his *onleaping.a1670Spalding Troub. Chas. I (1792) I. 91 (Jam.) On his onlouping the earl of Argyle..and Lord Lindsay..had some private speeches with him.1900Westm. Gaz. 12 June 2/1 It is a memorable sight to witness the *on-moving of a great army.1898Congregationalist 28 Apr., The arts of diplomacy are too soon exhausted when seventy million people are the on-lookers and *on-pushers.1599Jas. I. βασιλ. Δωρον (1682) 82 To speake of rayment, the *on-putting whereof is the ordinary action that followeth next to sleepe.1883Gd. Words 462 The steady *onroll of the mighty waves of time.1960J. Fingleton Four Chukkas to Austral. 16 His presence allowed the English bowlers to recover from O'Neill's *onsurge.1963Economist 1 June 872/2 The real onsurge into the consumer durables revolution.1866Dublin Rev. Jan. 170 The rights of property alone..formed the basis of resistance to the *onsweep of revolution.1893Chicago Advance 26 Jan., All this prodigious swing and on-sweep of development.1885Homilet. Rev. 134 In the tremendous *onsweepings of society.b. With ns. used attrib. or as adj., as on-air, while broadcasting; on-axis, situated or occuring on the axis; on-course, situated or taking place at a race-course; on-demand, done or available when demanded; on-duty, engaged or occupied with one's normal work; on-farm, occurring or used at a farm; on-form, that is in good form or condition; on-street, that is on a street; esp. of parking facilities; on-track, of betting: done at the race-track.1972Guardian 11 July 14/5 Parents shared what they thought about the programmes..by responding to on-air appeals to complete a questionaire.1976Listener 25 Mar. 362/1 The on-air behaviour of certain national and local disc-jockeys.1962A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 248 Dead side (of microphone), the angle within which the response of a microphone is low compared with the on-axis response.1971R. J. Collier et al. Optical Holography ii. 54 On-axis observation of either image is disturbed by the out-of-focus light from the other.1964A. Wykes Gambling viii. 195 These offices are in fact merely extensions of the on-course totalizators.1973Times 12 Apr. 12/4 The Tote, which does most of the on-course betting, earned a meagre profit of {pstlg}100,000 last year.1962Times 9 Apr. (British Oxygen Co. Suppl.) p. v, Ready supply and on-demand delivery make sure your production goes smoothly.1971Flying (N.Y.) Apr. S5/3 Probably the most revolutionary innovation within this new system will be an on-demand capability.1970K. Platt Pushbutton Butterfly (1971) xiv. 155 The on-duty cop outside the room.1974‘S. Woods’ Done to Death 184 His voice had..that wooden, on duty tone.1969Times 20 Jan. 2/1 There must be more integration with on-farm testing to select the bulls for central testing.1970Daily Tel. 26 Oct. 8/3 The economics of on-farm compounding with a mobile mill and mixer look fairly good.1965Universe 11 June 14/5 Mick Norman..last week..hit a convincing 70 against an on-form Sussex side.1968Melody Maker 23 Nov. 22/5 An on-form Phil Seamen is still one of the most exciting things to catch in a London jazz club or pub.1959Manch. Guardian 26 May 8 There might be strict prohibition of ‘on-street parking’ but ‘not necessarily’ of loading and unloading.1973D. Westheimer Going Public iv. 64 A busy thoroughfare with no on-street parking.1964On-track [see off-track s.v. off- 4 b].Add:[4.] [b.] on-chip, designating or pertaining to circuitry included in a single integrated circuit or in the same integrated circuit as a given device.1976Aviation Week 20 Sept. 65/2 Funded industry study to determine how best to use new ‘computer-on-a-chip’ microcircuit technology to achieve on-chip fault-detection circuitry..is planned by Air Force Avionics Laboratory.1983Sci. Amer. Apr. 46/1 The smallest accelerometer fabricated up to now is an oxide-cantilever device with an on-chip amplifier.1988Computer Weekly 1 Dec. 26/5 Browne observes that the huge transistor count could be used to add all kinds of on-chip functionality, like several Mbytes of on-chip memory, local area network interfaces and maybe more than one cpu.▪ II.on-, prefix²the OE. unstressed form of and-, ǫnd-, against, opposite, in reply, in return (see and conj.), corresp. to Gothic anda-, and-, OS. and-, ant-, Du. ont-, OHG. ant-, ent-, int-; e.g. OS. antfâhan, OHG. ant-, intfâhan, MHG. entfâhen, enfâhen, enpfâhen, Ger. empfangen, Du. ontvangen, OE. onˈfón, pa. tense onˈfeng, to receive (cf. ˈand-, ˈǫndfenga receiver); OE. onˈᵹitan to understand, discern (cf. ˈand-, ˈǫndᵹit understanding, intelligence). In ME. this prefix is in form indistinguishable from on-¹: e.g. onfōn, onȝiten.▪ III.on-prefix³, the same particle originally as the prec., used with counteracting or undoing force; in early OE. on-, in late OE. very generally un- (levelled with un- = on-⁴), in ME. usually un-, but sometimes on-; in mod.Eng. always un-. Examples: Goth. andbindan, OS. antbindan, OHG. ant-, intbintan, Ger. entbinden, OE. onbindan, unbindan, ME. un-, on-binden, to unbind; OS. antduan, andôn, OHG. anttoan, intoan, MHG. entuon, OE. ondón, undón, ME. undon, ondon, to undo; OS. antwindan, OHG. intwindan, MHG. entwinden, OE. onwindan, unwindan, ME. unwinden, onwinden, to unwind. See un-².▪ IV.on-prefix⁴, frequent ME., early mod.E., and dial. variant of un-¹, before adjs., pples., advbs. and their derivatives, as ME. onclene for unclene:—OE. unclǽne; ME. onwryten:—OE. unwriten. Cf. Goth. unweis, OS., OHG., OE. unwís, Du. onwys, onwijs, ME. unwis (onwis, onwise), unwise.Formerly often written separately (see e.g. Paston Lett. No. 751); but generally hyphened by modern editors. In some mod.Sc. dialects written separately before pples. or vbl. ns. as on (or ohn) in sense ‘without’, e.g. on said, ohn said, unsaid, without there being said, without saying, on makin' without making.

on- /ɒn/ prefix.

ORIGIN: Unstressed form of Old English an, on preposition, a preposition¹. Cf. combs. of on preposition, on adjective.

In various senses of ‘on’ forming verbs (chiefly obs.), adjectives from pples, verbal nouns & nouns of action (sometimes concrete), as oncoming, onlay, onset; also forming other types of noun, as on-drive.

on-
a-, an-

Prefix

Prefix meaning on, at, toward, upon.

oncome, onset, onfall, onlay

Etymology

From Middle English on-, from Old English on-, an-, from Proto-Germanic *an-, *ana- (“on-”), from Proto-Indo-European *ano-, *nō- (“on”). Cognate with Dutch aan-, German an-, Swedish an-.

Derived terms

English words prefixed with on-

词汇	on-
词根词缀	OED SOED Wiktionary ▪ I.on-, prefix¹the prepositional adv. on (unstressed form of OE. an, ǫn) in combination with vbs. and their derivatives, and sometimes with other ns. The old nominal compounds had the stressed form, as in OE. anginn, ǫnginn, beginning, anfilt, ǫnfilti, anvil. The compounds in on- belong to the following classes:1. Old verbal compounds, as onbídan to onbide, oncnáw-an to recognize, acknow. Such of these as survived the OE. period appear in their alphabetical place under on- or a-.2. Later verbal compounds or collocations of adv. and verb. In these the union of elements is incomplete, and the adv. may be moved to another position than immediately before the vb., where however it regularly stands in the inf. and pples., so that these acquire more the character of permanent combinations. Examples are † on-become, to befall, happen; † on-cry, to cry or call upon; on-draw, to draw on; † on-lace, to lace on; † on-look, to look on; on-sweep, to sweep on; † on-take, to take on, assume, behave: see take v.c1305St. Lucy 60 in E.E.P. (1862) 103 To seinte Lucie norice he wende: and eschte hire faste ‘What Lucie were so onbicome’.c1315Shoreham Poems* (E.E.T.S.) 146/487 Hyt on-by-come ine eche place Ȝef ech [þ]yng hadde ylyche grace To ioye and blysse.1664Flodden F. iv. 40 Then each Captain he did oncry.1898T. Hardy Wessex Poems* 83 By Joidoigne, near to east, as he ondrew, Dawn pierced the humid air.1513Douglas æneis* xi. Prol. 102 Rays hie the targe of faith vp in thi hand, On hed the halsum helm of hop onlace.a1875J. W. Miles in Schaff & Gilman Libr. Relig. Poetry* (1881) 35 That all his shattered aims, his hopes bewept, Are in God's counsels deep and fathomless onswept.1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3548 Þat hii nuste hou on take [v.r. on to take], ne wat for honger do.c1325Spec. Gy Warw. 267 Allas! what sholen hij onne take, Þat wolden here her god forsake?3. With pr. and pa. pples. forming adjs., as *ˈon-carrying* (= carrying on; hence *ˈoncarryingness), on-marching, on-rolling, on-running, on-surging, on-sweeping.a1834Coleridge in Literature* (1897) 23 Oct. 11/2 The oncarryingness of his [Scott's] diction.1609Daniel Civ. Wars* viii. xvi, Gather'd by th' on-marching Enemy.1863Not an Angel I. 184 To hold by his arm for some security against the onmarching multitude.1854J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon* (1855) I. xx. 325 The on-rolling billow of Austrian victory.1599Daniel Musophilus* 713 To pull back th' on-running state of things.1884Chicago Advance 31 Jan., The fury of the onsurging barbarians.1896Ibid. 16 Apr. 553/1 The onsweeping purposes..of God.4. a. With vbl. ns. and nouns of action, forming ns. (sometimes concrete), as on-bringing* (= bringing on), *on-carrying, on-leaping, Sc. on-louping* (= mounting a horse), *on-moving, on-putting, on-sweeping, etc. (which can be formed at pleasure); on-go, going on, progress, advance; on-roll, onward roll; onsurge, an onward surge; on-sweep, onward sweep; also with agent-nouns, as on-bearer, on-goer, on-pusher, etc. See also onlooker, etc.1898T. Hardy Wessex Poems* 135 Changing anew my onbearer I traversed the downland.1658J. Durham Exp. Revelation* ii. vi. (1680) 145 This inability is of her own onbringing.1737E. Erskine Serm.* Wks. 1871 II. 452 The oncarrying of the designs of his glory.1894Chicago Advance 11 Oct. 58/1 As viewed in the retrospect of two years absence..its ordinary on-go is indeed extraordinary.1600Gowrie's Consp. in Select fr. Harl. Misc. (1793) 190 Maister Alexander Ruthven..haisted him fast downe to ouertake his maiestie before his onleaping.a1670Spalding Troub. Chas. I* (1792) I. 91 (Jam.) On his onlouping the earl of Argyle..and Lord Lindsay..had some private speeches with him.1900Westm. Gaz. 12 June 2/1 It is a memorable sight to witness the on-moving of a great army.1898Congregationalist 28 Apr., The arts of diplomacy are too soon exhausted when seventy million people are the on-lookers and on-pushers.1599Jas. I. βασιλ. Δωρον (1682) 82 To speake of rayment, the on-putting whereof is the ordinary action that followeth next to sleepe.1883Gd. Words 462 The steady onroll of the mighty waves of time.1960J. Fingleton Four Chukkas to Austral. 16 His presence allowed the English bowlers to recover from O'Neill's onsurge.1963Economist 1 June 872/2 The real onsurge into the consumer durables revolution.1866Dublin Rev. Jan. 170 The rights of property alone..formed the basis of resistance to the onsweep of revolution.1893Chicago Advance 26 Jan., All this prodigious swing and on-sweep of development.1885Homilet. Rev. 134 In the tremendous onsweepings of society.b. With ns. used attrib.* or as adj., as on-air, while broadcasting; on-axis, situated or occuring on the axis; on-course, situated or taking place at a race-course; on-demand, done or available when demanded; on-duty, engaged or occupied with one's normal work; on-farm, occurring or used at a farm; on-form, that is in good form or condition; on-street, that is on a street; esp. of parking facilities; on-track, of betting: done at the race-track.1972Guardian 11 July 14/5 Parents shared what they thought about the programmes..by responding to on-air appeals to complete a questionaire.1976Listener 25 Mar. 362/1 The on-air behaviour of certain national and local disc-jockeys.1962A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 248 Dead side (of microphone), the angle within which the response of a microphone is low compared with the on-axis response.1971R. J. Collier et al. Optical Holography ii. 54 On-axis observation of either image is disturbed by the out-of-focus light from the other.1964A. Wykes Gambling viii. 195 These offices are in fact merely extensions of the on-course totalizators.1973Times 12 Apr. 12/4 The Tote, which does most of the on-course betting, earned a meagre profit of {pstlg}100,000 last year.1962Times 9 Apr. (British Oxygen Co. Suppl.) p. v, Ready supply and on-demand delivery make sure your production goes smoothly.1971Flying (N.Y.) Apr. S5/3 Probably the most revolutionary innovation within this new system will be an on-demand capability.1970K. Platt Pushbutton Butterfly (1971) xiv. 155 The on-duty cop outside the room.1974‘S. Woods’ Done to Death 184 His voice had..that wooden, on duty tone.1969Times 20 Jan. 2/1 There must be more integration with on-farm testing to select the bulls for central testing.1970Daily Tel. 26 Oct. 8/3 The economics of on-farm compounding with a mobile mill and mixer look fairly good.1965Universe 11 June 14/5 Mick Norman..last week..hit a convincing 70 against an on-form Sussex side.1968Melody Maker 23 Nov. 22/5 An on-form Phil Seamen is still one of the most exciting things to catch in a London jazz club or pub.1959Manch. Guardian 26 May 8 There might be strict prohibition of ‘on-street parking’ but ‘not necessarily’ of loading and unloading.1973D. Westheimer Going Public iv. 64 A busy thoroughfare with no on-street parking.1964On-track [see off-track s.v. off- 4 b].Add:[4.] [b.] on-chip, designating or pertaining to circuitry included in a single integrated circuit or in the same integrated circuit as a given device.1976Aviation Week 20 Sept. 65/2 Funded industry study to determine how best to use new ‘computer-on-a-chip’ microcircuit technology to achieve on-chip fault-detection circuitry..is planned by Air Force Avionics Laboratory.1983Sci. Amer. Apr. 46/1 The smallest accelerometer fabricated up to now is an oxide-cantilever device with an on-chip amplifier.1988Computer Weekly 1 Dec. 26/5 Browne observes that the huge transistor count could be used to add all kinds of on-chip functionality, like several Mbytes of on-chip memory, local area network interfaces and maybe more than one cpu.▪ II.on-, prefix²the OE. unstressed form of and-, ǫnd-, against, opposite, in reply, in return (see and conj.), corresp. to Gothic anda-, and-, OS. and-, ant-, Du. ont-, OHG. ant-, ent-, int-; e.g. OS. antfâhan, OHG. ant-, intfâhan, MHG. entfâhen, enfâhen, enpfâhen, Ger. empfangen, Du. ontvangen, OE. onˈfón, pa. tense onˈfeng, to receive (cf. ˈand-, ˈǫndfenga receiver); OE. onˈᵹitan to understand, discern (cf. ˈand-, ˈǫndᵹit understanding, intelligence). In ME. this prefix is in form indistinguishable from on-¹: e.g. onfōn, onȝiten.▪ III.on-prefix³, the same particle originally as the prec., used with counteracting or undoing force; in early OE. on-, in late OE. very generally un- (levelled with un- = on-⁴), in ME. usually un-, but sometimes on-; in mod.Eng. always un-. Examples: Goth. andbindan, OS. antbindan, OHG. ant-, intbintan, Ger. entbinden, OE. onbindan, unbindan, ME. un-, on-binden, to unbind; OS. antduan, andôn, OHG. anttoan, intoan, MHG. entuon, OE. ondón, undón, ME. undon, ondon, to undo; OS. antwindan, OHG. intwindan, MHG. entwinden, OE. onwindan, unwindan, ME. unwinden, onwinden, to unwind. See un-².▪ IV.on-prefix⁴, frequent ME., early mod.E., and dial. variant of un-¹, before adjs., pples., advbs. and their derivatives, as ME. onclene for unclene:—OE. unclǽne; ME. onwryten:—OE. unwriten. Cf. Goth. unweis, OS., OHG., OE. unwís, Du. onwys, onwijs, ME. unwis (onwis, onwise), unwise.Formerly often written separately (see e.g. Paston Lett. No. 751); but generally hyphened by modern editors. In some mod.Sc. dialects written separately before pples. or vbl. ns. as on (or ohn) in sense ‘without’, e.g. *on said, ohn said, unsaid, without there being said, without saying, on makin'* without making. on- /ɒn/ prefix. ORIGIN: Unstressed form of Old English an, on preposition, a preposition¹. Cf. combs. of on preposition, on adjective. In various senses of ‘on’ forming verbs (chiefly obs.), adjectives from pples, verbal nouns & nouns of action (sometimes concrete), as oncoming, onlay, onset; also forming other types of noun, as on-drive. on- a-, an- Prefix Prefix meaning on, at, toward, upon. oncome, onset, onfall, onlay Etymology From Middle English on-, from Old English on-, an-, from Proto-Germanic an-, ana- (“on-”), from Proto-Indo-European ano-, nō- (“on”). Cognate with Dutch aan-, German an-, Swedish an-. Derived terms ► English words prefixed with on-
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on-a-, an-

Prefix

Etymology

Derived terms

on-
a-, an-