oligo- 或 olig-
pref.(前缀)
语源
pref.(前缀)
- Few:
少的:
oligosaccharide.
低聚糖
语源
- Greek
希腊语 - from oligos [little, few]
源自 oligos [少的]
oligo- or (before a vowel) olig-
combining form
indicating a few or little
⇒
oligopoly
Origin
from Greek olígos little, fewoligo-
Word Origin
1
a combining form meaning “few,” “little,” used in the formation of compound words:
oligopoly.
Also, especially before a vowel, olig-.
Origin
< Greek, combining form of olígos little, few (in plural)
Related Words
- olig-
- Oligocene
- oligochaete
- oligoclase
- oligogene
- oligomenorrhea
oligo-a word element meaning 'few', 'little'.
Also, (before a vowel), olig-. [Greek, combining form of oligos small, (plural) few]
oligo-
combining form
⇨ see olig-
combining form
⇨ see olig-
oligo-
combining form
- having few; containing a relatively small number of units表示“少量的”, “少数的”:
-
oligopoly
oligosaccharide.
词源
from Greek oligos 'small', oligoi 'few'.
1870 Hooker Stud. Flora 36 Lepidium,Cress..Flowers..often apetalous and *oligandrous.
1857 Mayne Expos. Lex. ,Oliganthus, having but a small number of flowers, as the Psychotrea oligantha, Opilobium oliganthum: *oliganthous.
Ibid. ,*Oligocarpous.
1866 Treas. Bot. 811/1Thus oligocarpous is applied to sori in which the spore-cases are few in number.
1866 A. Flint Princ. Med. (1880) 62When the blood contains many of these pale corpuscles..the condition is called achroiocythaemia or *oligochromaemia.
1899 J. Cagney tr. Jaksch'sClin. Diagn. i. (ed. 4) 9So with oligochromæmia,—diminution of hæmoglobin.
1857 Mayne Expos. Lex. ,Oligochronometrum, term for an instrument invented by Del Negro for measuring the minute fractions of time: an *oligochronometer.
1876 Catal. Sci. App. S. Kens. 604Oligochronometer, an instrument for measuring the smallest fractions of time.—Applied to the measurement of the velocity of projectiles.
1872 Peaslee Ovar. Tumours 31,I have..adopted the term *oligocystic cystoma as more distinctive than monocystic.
1876 tr. Wagner'sGen. Pathol. (ed. 6) 524*Oligocythæmia, diminished amount of red corpuscles, is the last to remain.
1858 Thudichum Urine 138The amount of blood-corpuscles..so considerably diminished as to cause an anæmic, or better *oligocythæmic, condition.
1898 Allbutt's Syst. Med. V. 534There are two classes—the hæmolytic and the oligocythæmic.
1893 Nature 3 Aug. 331/2 By *oligodynamic phenomena Nägeli means those produced by excessively small quantities of metallic substances in solution.
1941 Jrnl. MarineRes. IV. 186Containers made of copper, zinc, tin or nickel alloys are not suitable for the collection of samples of sea water for bacteriological analysis due to the inimical oligodynamic action of the metals.
1965 B. E. Freeman tr. Vandel's Biospeleol. xix. 337The Thiobacteria can synthesise oligodynamic substances (nicotinic acid..pyridoxine, vitamin B12).
1973 Times 25 Apr. 19/5 The ability of minute amounts of these metals to exert a lethal effect upon micro-organisms is referred to as oligodynamic action.
1957 Makromolekulare Chemie XXIII. 31 Linear *oligoesters of terephthalic acid and glycol form three polymer-homologous series: ester-diols, ester-dicarboxylic acids, and ester-hydroxyacids.
1968 Encycl. PolymerSci. &Technol. IX. 491For the synthesis of oligoesters and amides, the carboxyl group is usually activated by transformation into acid chloride or azide, as well as to a mixed anhydride or active ester.
1951 Rep. Comm. Treatise MarineEcol. (National Research Council,U.S. ) xi. 50As originally proposed by Redeke, this classification was related to chlorinity rather than to the total salinity... This scheme, as set up by Redeke..is best presented in tabular form:..Cl, 0/00... Brackish water. 0·1–1·0. *Oligohaline.
1971 Nature 24 Sept. 281/1 Next, there is a conglomerate which contains brackish oligohaline facies fauna.
1925 C. Robertson in Ecology VI. 413,I have used the term *oligolectic for a bee collecting pollen from a species, genus or family, where the relationship of the flowers seems to determine the preference, and polylectic for one collecting pollen from unrelated plants.
1972 Science 12 May 601/2 There are very few oligolectic bees.
1973 Proctor & Yeo Pollination of Flowers v. 151Bees that visit only one or a few species of flowers for food are described as oligotropic, while those showing a similar restriction for pollen supplies are called oligolectic.
1842 Med. News I. 472Reasons..to justify the substitution of the term *oligomania for monomania.
1885 W. Roberts Treat. Urin. Dis. xiv. (ed. 4) 672She had suffered from anæmia and *oligo-menorrhæa, but got quite well of these.
1974 Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. III. xxviii. 6/1Although there are important exceptions, in general those conditions which cause primary amenorrhoea are congenital, while those causing secondary amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea are acquired.
1963 *Oligomenorrheal . [ see polymenorrhœal a.]
1955 Obstetr. & Gynecol. V. 661Five of the 7 patients were amenorrheic at the time of the first visit, while 2 were *oligomenorrheic with menses occurring once to three times a year.
1977 Lancet 15 Oct. 805/1 Bromocriptine restores normal gonadal function in some amenorrhœic or oligomenorrhœic patients who have normal serum-prolactin levels.
1897 Willis Man. Fl. Plants & Ferns I. 74The gynoeceum,..in most cases has fewer members than the outer whorls or is *oligomerous.
Ibid. ,*Oligomery of the gynoeceum.
1888 Gildersleeve in Amer. Jrnl. Philol. IX. 144If then..the rhetoricians do consider the participle as an element of style, and if they are right in so considering it, *oligometochia and polymetochia cannot be neglected by us.
1954 R. M. Smith et al. in Antibiotics & Chemotherapy IV. 962The purpose of this paper is to report a presumably new antifungal antibiotic, *oligomycin.
1958 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LXXX. 6093/1The oligomycins are active against the fungi producing oak-wilt and Dutch elm diseases.
1964 Ann. Rev. Biochem. XXXIII. 737In loosely coupled mitochondria, oligomycin abolishes phosphorylation, and the available evidence is consistent with the conclusion that oligomycin inhibits ATP formation from all three coupling sites of the respiratory chain.
1969 J. Dekker in D. C. Torgeson Fungicides II. xiii. 621Oligomycin..is an antifungal antibiotic active against various fungal plant pathogens. The results, however, have not been good enough to warrant practical applications.
1942 Chem. Abstr. XXXVI. 785From a study of dialysis coeffs., the *oligonucleotide has a mol. wt. 3·5–5·3 times that of a mononucleotide.
1961 Lancet 12 Aug. 377/2 Many oligonucleotides and polynucleotides stimulate the growth of protozoans.
1971 Nature 28 May 217/2 There were several oligonucleotides missing from the former RNA.
1941 Chem. Abstr. XXXV. 78 (heading)N-methanesulfonyl derivatives of amino acids and *oligopeptides.
1955 Nature 9 July 72/2 The importance of the amino-acids and oligopeptides and the complexity of their mixtures often encountered stimulate a demand for more powerful analytical tools.
1968 New Scientist 22 Aug. 402/2 The first section, that on the posterior pituitary hormones, is mainly concerned with the fact that these oligopeptides do not occur free in the nerve cells.
1920 C. T. Brues in Amer. Naturalist LIV. 317A distinction is made between vegetarian species with a single food-plant (Monophagous), those with several definitely fixed ones (*Oligophagous) and those with quite indiscriminate food habits (Polyphagous).
1946 ― Insect Dietary iii. 145 (heading)Polyphagy, oligophagy and monophagy.
1969 R. F. Chapman Insects ii. 27Other insects..feed on only a limited range of plants. They are called oligophagous.
Ibid. 28Oligophagy may also arise in this way . [ sc. the presence of particular chemical stimulants in certain plants]
1600 Surflet Countrie Farme vi. xxii. 802The wines of high Normandie..be not strong or mightie, but *oligophorous.
1657 Tomlinson Renou's Disp. 220.
1899 Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 196*Oligophrenia, enfeeblements of cerebral (psychical) development, with a parallel enfeeblement in the evolution of personality.
1932 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. XXIII. 21The oligophrenia, or ‘small wittedness’ as Continental writers call the condition, is due to an insufficiently developed brain.
1972 Encycl. Psychol. II. 345/2Oligophrenia, synonymous with the term amentia..mental subnormality.
[ 1925A. D. Imms Gen. Textbk. Entomol. ii. 179In the *oligopod phase the embryo has reached an advanced condition. ]
1934 R. A. Wardle Folsom'sEntomol. (ed. 4) iii. 173A less active type of oligopod larva..has a cylindrical fleshy body.
1957 T. W. Kirkpatrick Insect Life in Tropics iv. 64Oligopod larvae usually have well-developed thoracic legs but no abdominal feet and are typical of most beetles and Neuroptera.
1969 R. F. Chapman Insects xx. 399The least modified with respect to the adult is the oligopod larva. [ larval form]
1896 J. Donovan in ClassicalRev. Feb. 63/1The inquiry leads to the general law that prose is polyprothetic and poetry *oligoprothetic. The gradual development from extreme *oligoprothesy to considerable polyprothesy, in the Tragic writers, is especially dwelt on and fully demonstrated.
1930 Chem. Abstr. XXIV. 3762The name *oligosaccharides is suggested for the simpler cryst. sugars (intermediate between the monoses and the polysaccharides) which form 2 or more monoses on hydrolysis.
1957 Sci. News XLV. 87Human breast milk..contains a number of oligosaccharides.
1968 Oligosaccharide . [ see monosaccharide]
1925 Bull. IllinoisNat. Hist. Survey XV. 441The part of a stream lying between the mesosaprobic lower limit and that of the cleanest zone normal to rivers has been called by Kolkwitz and Marsson *oligosaprobic.
1933 Water Pollution Res. Technical Paper (D.S.I.R.)No. 3. 134The classification of the organisms into poly-, meso-, and oligo-saprobic..is now generally in use in defining the ecological status of aquatic organisms. It is based on the conditions which result when sewage or similar polluting liquids flow into small streams or into series of lagoons; in such cases a characteristic succession of biological associations is found, beginning with the poly-saprobes living in the crude liquid and ending with the oligo-saprobes in the region where self-purification is complete.
1950 Folia Limnologica Scand. V. 77The oligosaprobic zone is regarded chemically as the zone in which oxidation (mineralisation) is nearly completed.
1970 Oligo-saprobic . [ see mesosaprobicadj. s.v. meso-]
1881 Nature 17 Nov. 72 Bodies closely resembling some *oligosideric meteorites.
1848 Dunglison Dict. Med. Sci. (ed. 7) 599/2*Oligospermia, paucity of spermatic secretion.
1897 White & Martin Genito-UrinarySurg. xxviii. 1027Oligospermia, or a diminution in the quantity of semen ejaculated, may be due to deficiency in quantity or absence of any of the constituent parts of this fluid.
1936 H. Bailey Dis. Testicle xviii. 148The causes of male sterility are:{ddd}2. Oligospermia; spermatozoa are few and inactive.
1944 R. S. Hotchkiss Fertility in Men ix. 185Defective spermatogenesis results in the failure to supply the full complement of spermatozoa to the ejaculate. This varies in degree from complete atrophy of the seminiferous tubule to a reduced number of spermatozoa in the seminal discharge. The former condition produces azoospermia, while the latter causes oligospermia.
1974 Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. III. xxviii. 21/1A diminution of fertility can be demonstrated when sperm density falls below 20 m/ml, and values below this level on repeated counts constitute oligospermia.
1892 Syd. Soc. Lex. ,*Oligospermic.
1971 Nature 19 Feb. 534/2 In veterinary and medical practice artificial insemination facilitates the use of incapacitated or oligospermic males.
1830 Coleridge Table-t. 30 Apr.,As long a sentence made up of as few words, and those as *oligosyllabic, as any I remember.
1706 Phillips, *Oligotrophy, a Decrease of Nourishment, or a very small one.
1730 in Bailey.
1899 C. Robertson in Bot. Gaz. XXVIII. 29The difference between a monotropic and an *oligotropic bee may depend merely upon the accident that only one species occurs in the neighbourhood.
1919 J. H. Lovell Flower & Bee 106When a species of bee restricts its visits..to a few allied kinds of flowers an oligotropic bee. [ it is termed]
1946 C. T. Brues Insect Dietary iii. 107Some more specialized bees and other insects restrict their visits to a much more circumscribed assortment of plant species. With these oligotropic kinds the advantages to the plant are obviously greater.
1892 F. P. Foster Med. Dict. IV. 2447/1*Oligozoospermia, of De Sinety, a variety of sterility in the male in which the spermatozooids are diminished in number and activity.
1897 White & Martin Genito-UrinarySurg. xxviii. 1027Oligozoöspermia indicates a condition in which the semen ejaculated contains few spermatozoa.
1962 Lancet 27 Jan. 218/1 There was nothing to suggest oligozoospermia due to external causes.
1876 Dunglison Dict. Med. Sci. (rev. ed. ) 721/2*Oliguria.
1899 J. Cagney tr. Jaksch'sClin. Diagn. vii. (ed. 4) 252The oliguria and suppression which herald an attack of uræmia.
1961 Lancet 22 July 187/2 The œdema, oliguria, albuminuria, and absence of an impressive cardiac murmur may result in the condition being mistaken for acute nephritis.
1907 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. CXXXIV. 77The *oliguric urine..is of higher specific gravity and contains less indican.
1918 Endocrinology II. 95 In man it is common to observe diuresis, especially in oligurics.
1961 Lancet 16 Sept. 632/1 In mushroom poisoning hæmodialysis is obviously essential where..severe oliguric renal failure occurs.
oligo-
before vowels olig-, word-forming element meaning "few, the few," from comb. form of Greek oligos "few, scanty, small, little," in plural, "the few;" of uncertain origin.
ORIGIN: from Greek oligos small, little, (pl.) few: see -o- .
oligo-
combining form. small; little; few: Oligochrome = a design in few colors. Also, olig- before vowels.
[< Greek olígos few]
oligo-
combining form
see olig-
see olig-
oligo-olig- (before a vowel)
Prefix
- few
Etymology
Ancient Greek ὀλίγοι (olígoi, “few”), from Proto-Indo-European *(o)leyg/k- (“poor, miserable”).
Synonyms
Antonyms
Derived terms
English words prefixed with oligo-