independent
adj.
1610s, from in-(1) "not, opposite of" + dependent. French independant is attested from c.1600; Italian independente from 1590s. Noun meaning "person not acting as part of a political party" is from 1808. Related: Independently.
〔李〕[in-=not 不；dependent a.依赖的→] a. not dependent on；self-governing 独立的；自主的
〔蒋〕[in-不，depend依靠，-ent形容词后缀，…的] 独立的，自主的