-in
suff.（后缀）
语源
suff.（后缀）
- Neutral chemical compound, especially:
中性化合物，尤指： - Neutral carbohydrate:
中性碳水化合物：
inulin.
菊粉 - Protein or protein derivative:
蛋白质或蛋白质派生物：
albumin.
白蛋白 - Lipid or lipid derivative:
脂类或脂类派生物：
lecithin.
卵磷脂 - Enzyme:
酶：
pancreatin.
胰酶制剂 - Glycoside:
葡糖苷：
chitin.
角质素 - A pharmaceutical:
药用物质：
rifampin.
利福平 - An antibiotic:
抗菌物质：
penicillin.
青霉素 - Antigen:
抗原：
tuberculin.
结核菌素 - Variant of -ine 2
-ine的变体2
语源
- Variant of -ine 2
-ine2的变体
-in
suffix forming nouns
indicating a neutral organic compound, including proteins, glucosides, and glycerides
⇒
insulin
⇒
digitoxin
⇒
tripalmitin
indicating an enzyme in certain nonsystematic names
⇒
pepsin
indicating a pharmaceutical substance
⇒
penicillin
⇒
riboflavin
⇒
aspirin
indicating a chemical substance in certain nonsystematic names
⇒
coumarin
Origin
from New Latin -ina; compare -ine2-in1
Word Origin
1
a suffix, occurring in adjectives of Greek and Latin origin, meaning “pertaining to,” and (in nouns thence derived) also imitated in English (coffin; cousin, etc.).
Origin
Middle English -in, -ine < Old French < Latin -inus, -ina, -inum < Greek -inos, -inē, -inon
-in2
1
a noun suffix used in a special manner in chemical and mineralogical nomenclature (glycerin; acetin, etc.). In spelling, usage wavers between -in and -ine. In chemistry a certain distinction of use is attempted, basic substances having the termination -ine rather than -in (aconitine; aniline, etc.), and -in being restricted to certain neutral compounds, glycerides, glucosides, and proteids (albumin; palmitin, etc.), but this distinction is not always observed.
Origin
< New Latin -ina. See -ine2
-in3
1
a suffixal use of the adverb in, extracted from sit-in, forming compound nouns, usually from verbs, referring to organized protests through or in support of the named activity (kneel-in; chain-in; be-in) or, more generally, to any organized social or cultural activity (cook-in; sing-in).
-inI.
a suffix used in adjectives of Greek or Latin origin meaning 'relating to' and (in nouns thence derived) also imitated in English, as in coffin, cousin, lupin, etc.; and occurring unfelt in abstract nouns formed as nouns in Latin, as ruin.
[Middle English -in, -ine, from Old French, from Latin -inus, -ina, -inum, from Greek -inos, -inē, -inon]II.
a noun suffix used in chemical and mineralogical nomenclature without any formal significance, though it is usually restricted to certain neutral compounds, glycerides, glucosides, and proteins as albumin, butyrin. In some compounds, as glycerine, the spelling -ine is also used, although an attempt is made to restrict -ine to basic compounds.
[New Latin -ina. See -ine2]III.
the second part of a compound, indicating a communal session of the activity named, as sit-in, sleep-in, teach-in.
-in
noun suffix
a. neutral chemical compound
insulin
b. enzyme
pancreatin
c. antibiotic
penicillin
2. -ine II,1a, b
epinephrin
3. pharmaceutical product
niacin
noun combining form
teach-in
love-in
| I |
ETYMOLOGY French -ine, from Latin -īna, feminine of -īnus of or belonging to — more at -en
1.a. neutral chemical compound
insulin
b. enzyme
pancreatin
c. antibiotic
penicillin
2. -ine II,1a, b
epinephrin
3. pharmaceutical product
niacin
| II |
ETYMOLOGY sit-in
: organized public protest by means of or in favor of : demonstrationteach-in
love-in
-in2
combining form
- denoting a gathering of people having a common purpose, typically as a form of protest表示“同一目的的集体活动”（尤指“有组织的抗议”）：
-
sitin
sleep-in
love-in.
-in1
suffix
- Chemistry forming names of organic compounds, pharmaceutical products, proteins, etc.【化】［构成有机化合物、药品、蛋白质等的名称］：
-
insulin
penicillin
dioxin
词源
alteration of -INE 4.
1881 Chemical Society, Instructions to Abstractors ⁋16 Basic substances should invariably be indicated by names ending in -ine, as aniline, instead of anilin, the termination -in being restricted to certain neutral compounds, viz. glycerides, glucosides, bitter principles, and proteids, such as palmitin, amygdalin, albumin.
1928 . [ see -ine5]
1940 in Patterson & Capell Ring Index 21. 1957 E. H. RoddChem. Carbon Compounds IVa. 4Six membered rings in their least hydrogenated forms have names ending in ‘-in’ when non-nitrogenous and ‘-ine’ when nitrogenous.
1960 Newsweek 16 May 34/1 Into the already-roiled waters of the South, Negroes will wade this summer in a campaign to break down segregation at public beaches—a wade-in counterpart to the widespread lunch-counter sit-ins of recent weeks.
1960 in Amer. Speech (1961) XXXVI. 282Negro college students have initiated a new ‘kneel-in’ campaign..by attending services at white protestant Atlanta churches.
1961 in Ibid. ,He called for walk-ins in art galleries and museums, drive-ins at segregated motels and roadside ice cream stands, sit-ins in court rooms, study-ins at segregated schools, and bury-ins to integrate cemeteries.
Ibid. ,Negro teen-aged boys in an impromptu swim-in at an undesignated beach drew a crowd of 300 shoving, shouting Memorial Day bathers and boaters yesterday.
Ibid. 284A Chattanooga, Tenn., Negro stand-in demonstrator says his son's life has been threatened.
1961 Guardian 26 May 11/1 The United Presbyterian Church of America..recommended a ‘kneel-in’ campaign as a manifestation of the belief in the right of all people to worship regardless of race.
1961 N.Y. Times 9 Nov. 37Last night, twenty-four students gathered in the campus library for an all-night ‘read-in’ demonstration.
1963 Time 30 Aug. 12 Demonstrators..prostrate themselves before bull-dozers at construction-site ‘lie-ins’.
Ibid. ,The ‘pray-in’ at churches.
1964 Economist 25 Apr. 376/1 The threatened ‘stall-in’ of thousands of motor cars . [ by Negroes]
1965 N.Y. Times 28 Mar. 2E/8There have been sit-ins, lie-ins, stand-ins, eat-ins, shop-ins, sleep-ins, swim-ins, and sing-ins.
1965 Economist 19 June 1401/2 This week Mr Johnson countered the university ‘teach-ins’, protesting against his foreign policy, with a cultural ‘play-in’ demonstrating his respect for the arts.
1966 Daily Tel. 12 Aug. 11/3William Bryden-Smith, aged 10, who wrote to us, wants to take part in the cook-in.
1967 Ibid. 3 Mar. 23/7A ‘kiss-in’ to protest against Michigan University's stern regulations on ‘public displays of affection’ was described by students last night as the most enjoyable form of demonstration yet devised.
1967 New Statesman 17 Mar. 356/3 Last week police arrested scores of teenagers at a rave-in, and left-wing Catholics staged a pray-in.
1967 Times 28 Mar. 4/7 It took the police three hours to clear a ‘mill-in’ at the intersection of Haight and Ashbury streets, celebrated as the chief resort of the bearded and sandalled ‘hippies’ who travel to San Francisco from all over the United States to signify their dissent from modern society.
1967 Observer 11 June 10 If everyone was fat there'd be no war. No one would pass the physical.—A speaker at the New York Central Park ‘Fat-in’.
1967 Listener 10 Aug. 188/3 This is a very exciting inversion of psychedelic soulfulness, a hate-in.
1967 World Study Dec. 7/1 Chain-in, demonstrators locking themselves to a city hall pillar,..until the mayor listened to their grievances.
Ibid. 7/2Stand-in, demonstrators lining up at a theater ticket booth until given admission to the theater, not simply to a segregated section in the rear of the house but to any area where a white patron— or a member of any race—may sit.
1968 Lebende Sprachen XIII. 68/1 Their action fits into a wave of unofficial, unconnected nude-ins so far this year in Golden Gate Park, starting with freebeachers dancing nude at the great be-in.
1968 Listener 26 Dec. 849/1 Charge of the Light Brigade, 20th-century style: a lie-in at Porton Microbiological Research Establishment.
1969 New Yorker 3 May 31/1 Another rally was held at the Campus Center, followed by what was termed a ‘mill-in’ at the Army, Air Force, and Marine recruiting site.
1969 Daily Tel. 29 Jan. 1/6About 20 of the militants..ended their vigil yesterday with a 3 a.m. ‘swim-in’ in the basement pool.
Ibid. 2 July 18/3Practical tests in revolutionary rhetoric (‘shout-ins’), wall-defacement and anti-Establishment violence.
1970 Ibid. 2 Mar. 16To teach-in..and sit-in..have now been added walk-in and work-in. The first means the occupation of premises outside undergraduates' recognised territory, the second a teach-in during vacation.
1971 Guardian 28 Sept. 15/3 A student sleep-in began last night.
1973 Daily Tel. 3 Dec. 13/8College catering would be disrupted by students alternately boycotting canteens and then holding mass eat-ins.
-in
1
suffix attached to a verb, first attested 1960 with sit-in (which probably was influenced by sit-down strike); used first of protests, extended c.1965 to any gathering.
2
chemical suffix, usually indicating a neutral substance, antibiotic, vitamin, or hormone; see -ine(2).
1
ORIGIN: Alt. of -ine 5
2
ORIGIN: from in adverb .
☞ in
-in
I.\ə̇n, ən, ˌin\ noun suffix
(-s)
Etymology: French -ine, from Latin -ina (with long ī), feminine of -inus (with long ī) of or belonging to — more at -ine
1.
a. : neutral chemical compound or compound not distinctly basic or acidic
< picrotoxin >
< hematoporphyrin >
— especially in names of glycerides
< acetin >
< stearin >
glycosides
< amygdalin >
< quercitrin >
proteins
< gelatin >
< insulin >
and 6-membered heterocyclic compounds
< dioxin >
— usually distinguished from -ine
b. : enzyme
< emulsin >
< myrosin >
— compare -ase
c. : antibiotic
< penicillin >
< streptomycin >
2. : -ine II 2a, 2b — not used systematically
3. : pharmaceutical product
< niacin >
< aspirin >
II.\ˌin\ noun combining form
(-s)
Etymology: in (II) (as in sit-in)
1. : organized public protest by means of or in favor of : demonstration
< teach-in >
< love-in >
2. : public group activity
< swim-in >
I.
1.
a.
< picrotoxin >
< hematoporphyrin >
— especially in names of glycerides
< acetin >
< stearin >
glycosides
< amygdalin >
< quercitrin >
proteins
< gelatin >
< insulin >
and 6-membered heterocyclic compounds
< dioxin >
— usually distinguished from -ine
b.
< emulsin >
< myrosin >
— compare -ase
c.
< penicillin >
< streptomycin >
2.
3.
< niacin >
< aspirin >
II.
1.
< teach-in >
< love-in >
2.
< swim-in >
-in-in’
Suffix
- proscribed, dialect or eye dialect Alternative form of -ing
- biochemistry Used, as a modification of -ine, to form the names of a variety of types of compound; examples include proteins (globulin), carbohydrates (dextrin), dyes (alizarin) and others (vanillin).
Derived terms
English words suffixed with -in