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词汇 -ier
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-ier

suffix forming nouns

a variant of -eer ⇒ brigadier

Origin

from Old English -ere -er1 or (in some words) from Old French -ier, from Latin -ārius -ary

-eer or -ier

suffix

(forming nouns) indicating a person who is concerned with or who does something specified
⇒ auctioneer
⇒ engineer
⇒ profiteer
⇒ mutineer
(forming verbs) to be concerned with something specified
⇒ electioneer

Origin

from Old French -ier, from Latin -arius -ary

-ier1

Word Origin
1
variant of -er1, usually in nouns designating trades:
collier; clothier; furrier; glazier.
Origin
Middle English -ier(e), variant of -yer(e) (cf. -yer), equivalent to -i- v. stem ending + -ere -er1, probably reinforced by Old French -ier < Latin -ārius -ary (cf. soldier)

-ier2

1
a noun suffix occurring mainly in loanwords from French, often simply a spelling variant of -eer, with which it is etymologically identical (bombardier; brigadier; financier; grenadier); it is also found on an older and semantically more diverse group of loanwords that have stress on the initial syllable (barrier; courier; courtier; terrier). Recent loanwords from French may maintain the modern French pronunciation with loss of the final r sound (croupier; dossier; hotelier).
Origin
< French, Old French < Latin -ārius, -āria, -ārium -ary; cf. -aire, -eer, -er2

Related Words

  • -aire
  • -eer
  • atelier
  • butcher
  • cafeteria
  • canotier
-iervariant of -eer, as in brigadier, halberdier, etc.
[French, from Latin -ārius]
-ier
⇨ see -er
-ier
/ɪə(r)/  
suffix
forming personal nouns denoting an occupation or interest 表示“从事…职业的人”; “有…兴趣的人”：
1.
pronounced with stress on the preceding element
前一音节重读：

grazier.

[ORIGIN: Middle English: variant of -ER1.]
2.
pronounced with stress on the final element
最终音节重读：

brigadier

cashier.

[ORIGIN: from French -ier, from Latin -arius.]
-iera suffix forming nouns designating position, employment, or profession, derived from ns., rarely agent-nouns from vbs., (1) in words of ME. age, in which the suffix is unstressed, and varies (or has varied) with -yer, as collier, bowyer, (2) in words of later date (since 16th c.), in which the suffix is stressed, and varies with -eer1, as bombardier, cashier, cannoneer (-ier), financier.1. In words of ME. age, the suffix is of obscure and app. of diverse origin. Among the earliest examples are cottier (cotier), tilier, and bowyer: the first is a. OF. cotier = med.L. cotārius, and its retention of -ier is remarkable, because OF. -ier normally became -er in AFr. and Eng., as in butler, draper, farmer (see -er2 2); tiliere (1250–1400), ‘tiller, cultivator’, appears to be an analogical formation on OE. tilia, early ME. tilie, on the analogy of such pairs as OE. hunta, ME. huntere, since the etymological formation would have been tilere; for bowyer (1297 bowiare, a 1450 bowȝere, bowyere), the suggestion has been made that the i, y, represents the ȝ of ME. boȝe, bow; but this is doubtful. Other examples are collier (15th c. koliere, cholier, colyer, etc.), lawyer 1362 (but also, a 1400, lawer), lockyer (1407 lokier), brazier (1400–50 brasier, brasyere), hellier, hillyer (15th c. helier, helyer, hillyer), spurrier a 1450, halyer 1479 (haulyer 1577), grazier c 1500. Of glazier (a 1400), clothier, hosier, sawyer (a 1500), farrier, pavier, -iour (16th c.), there exist as early (in some cases earlier) forms in -er; courier, cozier, furrier, are 16th c. forms altered from ME. or OF. agent-nouns in -our; drovier, glosier, kiddier, are 16th c. variants of drover, gloser, kidder; lovier a late vulgarism for lover. In other words, as carrier, courtier, currier, soldier, the suffix is really -er (or earlier -our), the i belonging to the Eng. or F. vb. stem. (See also -iour.)2. In words of later introduction, the suffix is the F. -ier (:—L. -ārius: see -ary). The earlier of these, as bombardier, cannonier (-eer), cashier, cavalier, chevalier, halberdier, harquebusier, date from 16th c.; others, as brigadier, carabinier (-eer), cuirassier, financier, fusilier, gondolier, grenadier, from 17th or 18th c. Some, as cordelier, have taken the place of an earlier form in -er, which goes back to ME. Many of these also occur with the spelling -eer, expressing the English pronunciation; in some this spelling has been established, and from them -eer1 has become a living English suffix, as in auctioneer, charioteer, pamphleteer.
-ier
word-forming element indicating occupation, from French and Old French -ier, from Latin -arius (also see -er(1)). Nativized and used to form English words (glazier, hosier, etc.; also see -yer).
☞ -er, -ier
-ier /ɪə/ suffix. See also -yer.
ORIGIN: Of varied origin in native words; in words from French repr. French -ier from Latin -arius: see -ary1. Cf. -eer.
Forming nouns from nouns, denoting a person whose employment, profession, etc., is concerned with a thing, also (rarely) agent nouns from verbs in (i) Middle English words based chiefly on native words, in which the suffix is unstressed, as clothier, collier, furrier; (ii) later words of French origin, in which the suffix is stressed, as bombardier, cashier.
-ier
suffix. person occupied or concerned with _____: Financier = a person concerned with finance.
[< French -ier < Latin -ārius]
-ier
I.
— see -er II
II.
comparative of -y
III. \|i(ə)r, |iə\ noun suffix
(-s)
Etymology: Middle French — more at -eer
: person belonging to, connected with, or engaged in
 < cashier >
 < gondolier >

-ier

Examples

happy → happier

Suffix

  1. variant of -er for adjectives ending in y

后缀：-ier [名词后缀]

1、表示人（专做某种工作或从事某种职业的人）

cashier 出纳员

clothier 织布工人，布商

financier 财政家

hotelier 旅馆老板

haulier 拖曳者，运输工

courtier 朝臣

bombardier 炮手，投弹手

grenadier 掷手榴弹者

missilier 导弹专家

brigadier 旅长

brazier 黄铜匠

glazier 安装玻璃工人

2、表示物

barrier 障碍物，栅栏

frontier 边疆，边境

glacier 冰河，冰川

gaselier 煤气吊灯
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更新时间：2025/1/9 23:49:49