for-
pref.（前缀）

Completely; excessively, especially with destructive or detrimental effect:
极度，过分地：完全地；过分地，尤其指具有破坏或损害作用：
forworn.
破旧的

语源

Middle English
中古英语
from Old English * see per ¹
源自古英语 *参见 per ¹

for-

prefix

indicating rejection or prohibition

⇒ forbear

⇒ forbid

indicating falsity or wrongness

⇒ forswear

used to give intensive force

⇒ forgive

⇒ forlorn

Origin

Old English for-; related to German ver-, Latin per-, Greek peri-

Example Sentences

`Miss Annersley, thanks a lot for- for saying all that to me - about bringing children up, I mean.

Brent-Dyer, Elinor Adrienne and the Chalet School

for-

prefix usually meaning "away, opposite, completely," from Old English for-, indicating loss or destruction, but in other cases completion, and used as well with intensive or pejorative force, from Proto-Germanic *fur "before, in" (cognates: Old Norse for-, Swedish för-, Dutch ver-, Old High German fir-, German ver-); from PIE *pr-, from root *per- (1) "forward, through" (see per).

In verbs the prefix denotes (a) intensive or completive action or process, or (b) action that miscarries, turns out for the worse, results in failure, or produces adverse or opposite results. In many verbs the prefix exhibits both meanings, and the verbs frequently have secondary and figurative meanings or are synonymous with the simplex. [Middle English Dictionary]

Probably originally in Germanic with a sense of "forward, forth," but it spun out complex sense developments in the historical languages. Disused in Modern English. Ultimately from the same root as fore, adv.. From its use in participles it came to be an intensive prefix of adjectives in Middle English (for example Chaucer's forblak "exceedingly black"), but all these now seem to be obsolete.

1. prefix¹ | 2. prefix² | 3. prefix³

1
for- /fɔ:, unstressed fə/ prefix¹ (no longer productive). OE.

ORIGIN: Old English for-, fær- = Old Frisian for-, fir-, Old Saxon for-, Old High German fir-, far- (Dutch, German ver-), Gothic fair-, faur-, corresp. to Greek peri-, para-, Latin per-, por-, Sanskrit pari, parā, from Indo-European prefix with variation of form and meaning esp. (i) rejection, exclusion, prohibition, (ii) destruction, (iii) exhaustion.

I Forming verbs.

1.Forming verbs from verbs, with intensive privative sense ‘away, off’, as forthrow^†.

2.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘prohibit or exclude by —’, as forbid.

3.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘abstain, neglect, renounce’, as forbear, forgo, forgive, forget, forsake, forswear.

4.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘— wrongly or pervertedly’, as forworship^†.

5.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘with destructive or painful effect’, as fordo, forhunger, or ‘asunder, in pieces’, as forburst^†.b. Forming verbs from nouns, used only in pa. pple, with the sense ‘overpowered or troubled by’, as forstormed^†.

6.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘excessively, so as to overwhelm’, chiefly in pa. pple as forfrighted^†, forpampered^†, or ‘so as to exhaust (oneself) by —’, as forwander.

7.Forming trans. verbs from intrans. or trans. verbs, with the sense ‘all over, extensively, thoroughly’, as forbruise^†.

8.Forming verbs from verbs, with intensive force, as fordread^†.

9.Forming trans. verbs from adjectives or nouns, with the sense ‘make or give —’, as forfeeble^†, forlength^†.

II Forming adjectives.

10.Forming adjectives from adjectives with intensive force, as forblack^†, forlorn, forweary^†.

2
for- /fɔ:, unstressed fə/ prefix² (not productive).

ORIGIN: Repr. Old French for-, fors-, identical with fors adverb (mod. hors) from Latin foris, foras outside.

In words adopted from French, as forfeit etc.

3
for- prefix³ see fore-.

☞ for

for-
prefix
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English; akin to Old High German fir-, far-, fur- for-, Old Saxon for-, Gothic fra-, fair- for-, faur- for-, fore-, Old English for
1. : so as to involve prohibition, exclusion, omission, failure, or refusal — almost exclusively in words coined before 1600
< forsay >
< forheed >
2. : destructively or detrimentally — almost exclusively in words coined before 1600
< forhang >
< forstorm >
3. : completely : excessively : to exhaustion : to pieces — almost exclusively in words coined before 1600
< forbruise >
< forweary >
< forspent >

for-

(stressed) IPA: /fɔː/

(unstressed) IPA: /fə/

Prefix

no longer productive Meaning "far", "away"; "from", "out" e.g. forbid, forget, forsay; forbear, fordeem.
no longer productive Meaning "completely", "to the fullest extent" e.g. forbreak; superseded by combinations with "up" in senses where no upward movement is involved, e.g. forgive = give up (one's offenses), forgather = "gather up", forbeat = "beat up", etc.
dialectal Very; excessively.

forolded (“very old”)

fornigh (“very near”)

Etymology

From Middle English for-, vor-, from Old English for-, fer-, fær-, fyr- (“far, away, completely”, prefix), from the merger of Proto-Germanic *fra- ("away, away from"; see fro, from) and *fur-, *far- (“through, completely, fully”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-, *per-, *pr-. Cognate with Scots for-, West Frisian fer-, for-, Dutch ver-, German ver-, Swedish för-, Danish for-, Norwegian for-, Latin per-. More at for.

Derived terms

English words prefixed with for-

词汇	for-
词根词缀	AHD Collins Dictionary.com Macquarie MWCD NewOxfordEC OED Online Etymology Dictionary SOED WBD Webster Wiktionary for- pref.（前缀） Completely; excessively, especially with destructive or detrimental effect: 极度，过分地：完全地；过分地，尤其指具有破坏或损害作用： forworn. 破旧的语源 Middle English 中古英语 from Old English * see per ¹ 源自古英语参见 per ¹ for- prefix indicating rejection or prohibition ⇒ forbear ⇒ forbid indicating falsity or wrongness ⇒ forswear used to give intensive force ⇒ forgive ⇒ forlorn Origin Old English for-; related to German ver-, Latin per-, Greek peri-* Example Sentences `Miss Annersley, thanks a lot for- for saying all that to me - about bringing children up, I mean. Brent-Dyer, Elinor Adrienne and the Chalet School for- prefix usually meaning "away, opposite, completely," from Old English for-, indicating loss or destruction, but in other cases completion, and used as well with intensive or pejorative force, from Proto-Germanic fur "before, in" (cognates: Old Norse for-, Swedish för-, Dutch ver-, Old High German fir-, German ver-); from PIE pr-, from root per- (1) "forward, through" (see per). In verbs the prefix denotes (a) intensive or completive action or process, or (b) action that miscarries, turns out for the worse, results in failure, or produces adverse or opposite results. In many verbs the prefix exhibits both meanings, and the verbs frequently have secondary and figurative meanings or are synonymous with the simplex. [Middle English Dictionary] Probably originally in Germanic with a sense of "forward, forth," but it spun out complex sense developments in the historical languages. Disused in Modern English. Ultimately from the same root as fore, adv.. From its use in participles it came to be an intensive prefix of adjectives in Middle English (for example Chaucer's forblak "exceedingly black"), but all these now seem to be obsolete. 1. prefix¹ \| 2. prefix² \| 3. prefix³ 1 for- /fɔ:, unstressed fə/ prefix¹ (no longer productive). OE. ORIGIN: Old English for-, fær- = Old Frisian for-, fir-, Old Saxon for-, Old High German fir-, far- (Dutch, German ver-), Gothic fair-, faur-, corresp. to Greek peri-, para-, Latin per-, por-, Sanskrit pari, parā, from Indo-European prefix with variation of form and meaning esp. (i) rejection, exclusion, prohibition, (ii) destruction, (iii) exhaustion. I Forming verbs. 1.Forming verbs from verbs, with intensive privative sense ‘away, off’, as forthrow^†. 2.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘prohibit or exclude by —’, as forbid. 3.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘abstain, neglect, renounce’, as forbear, forgo, forgive, forget, forsake, forswear. 4.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘— wrongly or pervertedly’, as forworship^†. 5.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘with destructive or painful effect’, as fordo, forhunger, or ‘asunder, in pieces’, as forburst^†.b. Forming verbs from nouns, used only in pa. pple, with the sense ‘overpowered or troubled by’, as forstormed^†. 6.Forming verbs from verbs, with the sense ‘excessively, so as to overwhelm’, chiefly in pa. pple as forfrighted^†, forpampered^†, or ‘so as to exhaust (oneself) by —’, as forwander. 7.Forming trans. verbs from intrans. or trans. verbs, with the sense ‘all over, extensively, thoroughly’, as forbruise^†. 8.Forming verbs from verbs, with intensive force, as fordread^†. 9.Forming trans. verbs from adjectives or nouns, with the sense ‘make or give —’, as forfeeble^†, forlength^†. II Forming adjectives. 10.Forming adjectives from adjectives with intensive force, as forblack^†, forlorn, forweary^†. 2 for- /fɔ:, unstressed fə/ prefix² (not productive). ORIGIN: Repr. Old French for-, fors-, identical with fors adverb (mod. hors) from Latin foris, foras outside. In words adopted from French, as forfeit etc. 3 for- prefix³ see fore-. ☞ for for-* prefix Etymology: Middle English, from Old English; akin to Old High German fir-, far-, fur- for-, Old Saxon for-, Gothic fra-, fair- for-, faur- for-, fore-, Old English for 1. : so as to involve prohibition, exclusion, omission, failure, or refusal — almost exclusively in words coined before 1600 < forsay > < forheed > 2. : destructively or detrimentally — almost exclusively in words coined before 1600 < forhang > < forstorm > 3. : completely : excessively : to exhaustion : to pieces — almost exclusively in words coined before 1600 < forbruise > < forweary > < forspent > for- (stressed) IPA: /fɔː/ (unstressed) IPA: /fə/ Prefix no longer productive Meaning "far", "away"; "from", "out" e.g. forbid, forget, forsay; forbear, fordeem. no longer productive Meaning "completely", "to the fullest extent" e.g. forbreak; superseded by combinations with "up" in senses where no upward movement is involved, e.g. forgive = give up (one's offenses), forgather = "gather up", forbeat = "beat up", etc. dialectal Very; excessively. forolded (“very old”) fornigh (“very near”) Etymology From Middle English for-, vor-, from Old English for-, fer-, fær-, fyr- (“far, away, completely”, prefix), from the merger of Proto-Germanic fra- ("away, away from"; see fro, from) and fur-, far- (“through, completely, fully”), from Proto-Indo-European pro-, per-, pr-. Cognate with Scots for-, West Frisian fer-, for-, Dutch ver-, German ver-, Swedish för-, Danish for-, Norwegian for-, Latin per-. More at for. Derived terms ► English words prefixed with for- See also fore-
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prefix

Origin

Example Sentences

for-

Prefix

Etymology

Derived terms

See also