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词汇 -id
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-id
suff.（后缀）
  1. Body; particle:
    物体；颗粒：
    chromatid.
    子染色体

语源
  1. Latin -is -id- [feminine patronymic suff.]
    拉丁语 -is -id- [表示源于母名的后缀]
  2. from Greek
    源自 希腊语

-id1

suffix forming nouns

indicating the names of meteor showers that appear to radiate from a specified constellation
⇒ Orionids (from Orion)
indicating a particle, body, or structure of a specified kind
⇒ energid

Origin

from Latin -id-, -is, from Greek, feminine suffix of origin

-id2

suffix forming adjectives, suffix forming nouns

indicating members of a zoological family
⇒ cyprinid
indicating members of a dynasty
⇒ Seleucid
⇒ Fatimid

Origin

from New Latin -idae or -ida, from Greek -idēs suffix indicating offspring

-id3

suffix forming nouns

a variant of -ide

-ide or -id

suffix forming nouns

(added to the combining form of the nonmetallic or electronegative elements) indicating a binary compound
⇒ sodium chloride
indicating an organic compound derived from another
⇒ acetanilide
indicating one of a class of compounds or elements
⇒ peptide
⇒ lanthanide

Origin

from German -id, from French oxide oxide, based on the suffix of acide acid

-id1

Word Origin
1
a suffix of nouns that have the general sense “offspring of, descendant of,” occurring originally in loanwords from Greek (Atreid; Nereid), and productive in English on the Greek model, especially in names of dynasties, with the dynasty's founder as the base noun (Abbasid; Attalid), and in names of periodic meteor showers, with the base noun usually denoting the constellation or other celestial object in which the shower appears (Perseid).
Origin
< Latin -id-, stem of -is < Greek: feminine patronymic suffix; or < Latin -idēs < Greek: masculine patronymic suffix

-id2

1
a suffix occurring in English derivatives of modern Latin taxonomic names, especially zoological families and classes; such derivatives are usually nouns denoting a single member of the taxon or adjectives with the sense “pertaining to” the taxon: arachnid; canid.
Origin
< Greek -idēs -id1, as singular of New Latin -ida -ida or -idae -idae

-id3

1
variant of -ide: lipid.

-id4

1
a suffix occurring in descriptive adjectives borrowed from Latin, often corresponding to nouns ending in -or1, : fetid; humid; pallid.
Origin
< Latin -idus

-ide

or -id

1
a suffix used in the names of chemical compounds:
bromide.
Origin
extracted from oxide
-idI.
1. a noun suffix meaning 'daughter of', as in Nereid, and used also in astronomy to form names of meteors appearing to radiate in showers from particular constellations, etc., as in Andromedid.
2. a suffix used in naming epics, as in Aeneid.
[Latin -id- (nominative -is), feminine patronymic suffix, from Greek]
II.
a suffix of nouns and adjectives indicating members of a zoological family, as in cichlid, or of some other group or division, as in acarid, arachnid.
[New Latin -idae, in zoological family names plural of Latin -idēs (masculine patronymic suffix), from Greek; sometimes from New Latin -ida, in group names, taken as neuter plural of Latin -idēs. Compare French -ide]
III.
variant of -ide, as in parotid.
IV.
a quasi-suffix common in adjectives, especially of states which appeal to the senses, as in torrid, acid.
[Latin -idus]
-id
I
noun suffix
 ETYMOLOGY  in sense 1, from Latin -ides, masculine patronymic suffix, from Greek -idēs; in sense 2, from Italian -ide, from Latin -id-, -is, feminine patronymic suffix, from Greek
1. one belonging to a (specified) dynastic line
    Abbasid
2. meteor associated with or radiating from a (specified) constellation or comet
    Perseid

II
noun suffix
 ETYMOLOGY  probably from Latin -id-, -is, feminine patronymic suffix, from Greek
: body : particle
    chromatid
-id2
/ɪd/  
suffix
1.
forming nouns such as chrysalid, pyramid
构成名词（如chrysalid, pyramid）。
2.
Biology forming names of structural constituents
【生】［构成组织成分名称］：

plastid.

3.
Botany forming names of plants belonging to a family with a name ending in -idaceae
【植】［构成所属科名结尾为-idaceae的植物名称］：

orchid.

词源
from or suggested by French -ide, via Latin -idis from Greek -is, -id-.
-id3
/ɪd/  
suffix
forming nouns 构成名词：
1.
Zoology denoting an animal belonging to a family with a name ending in -idae or to a class with a name ending in -ida
【动】表示所属科名结尾为idae （或所属纲名结尾为-ida）的动物：

carabid

arachnid.

2.
denoting a member of a specified dynasty or family
表示属于指明的“…朝代”或“…家族”。
3.
Astronomy denoting a meteor in a shower radiating from a specified constellation
【天文】表示“…座流星雨”：

Geminids.

■  denoting a star of a class like one in a specified constellation
表示“（星）…类某星座星”：

cepheid.

词源
from or suggested by Latin -ides （plural -idae, -ida）, from Greek.
-id1
/ɪd/  
suffix
forming adjectives such as putrid, torrid
［构成形容词, 如putrid, torrid］。
词源
from French -ide from Latin -idus.
▪ I.-id, suffix1repr. F. -ide, L. -id-us, used to form adjectives, chiefly from verbs with e-stems, as acidus acid, f. acē-re to be sour, āridus arid, fervidus fervid, frīgidus frigid, liquidus liquid, placidus placid, splendidus splendid, stupidus stupid, etc., etc.; but also from a few verbs with i- or consonant stems, as fluidus fluid, f. fluĕre to flow, vīvidus vivid, f. vīvĕre to live; and occas. from substantives, as fūmidus fumid, f. fūmus smoke, morbidus morbid, f. morbus disease, solidus solid, f. solum ground, etc. The earlier Eng. words in -id came through Fr.; on the analogy of these, others have been taken from Latin direct; the suffix is not a living formative in Eng.▪ II.-id, suffix2corresp. to F. -ide, in ns. derived from Latin ns. in -is, -id-em, adopted from Greek ns. in -ις, -ιδ-α. Such are carotid (ad. Gr. pl. καρωτίδ-ες), chrysalid, hydatid, parotid, pyramid (cf. F. pyramide). This formative occurs in certain botanical terms, as amaryllid, epacrid, orchid: etymologically these should denote the plants amaryllis, epacris, and orchis respectively, but they are actually used to denote a member of the order of which these are the typical genera (Amaryllid-eæ, Epacrid-aceæ, Orchid-aceæ).b. Astr. Added to the name of a constellation to form the name of a meteor in a shower having its radiant point in that constellation, as Andromedid, Leonid, Lyraid, Perseid; also more widely used (cf. Bielid).c. Used as a terminal element in the names of epic poems, as æneid, Heracleid, Thebaïd.▪ III.-id, suffix3in zoological appellatives, n. and adj.: (a) formed from Latin names of Families in -id-æ, pl. of -idēs, repr. Gr. -ίδης, patronymic suffix = ‘son of’: as Araneid, a member of the Family Araneidæ. (b) formed from Latin names of Classes, etc., in -id-a, taken as neut. pl. of -idēs = Gr. -ίδης: as Arachnid, a member of the Class Arachnida. Some of the terms have come through Fr. forms in -ide. See -idan.▪ IV.-id, suffix4an early spelling of the chemical suffix -ide, still retained by some, esp. in U.S.▪ V.-id, suffix5in the nomenclature of mammalian teeth, used to indicate a structure forming part of a tooth in the lower jaw. Cf. hypoconid, hypoconulid.1897H. F. Osborn in Amer. Naturalist XXXI. 1006 The suffix -id is employed arbitrarily to distinguish the elements of the lower molars from those of the upper.1949A. S. Romer Vertebr. Body x. 304 The names of specific cones are formed by adding..prefixes..and, where necessary, by suffixes: -ul(e) indicates a minor cusp, and -id a lower jaw element.
-id
word-forming element meaning "belonging to, connected with, member of a group or class" (plural -idae), from French -ide and directly from Latin -ides, masculine patronymic, from Greek -ides. In astronomy, of meteor showers, it represents Latin -idis, Greek -idos, the genitive of the feminine patronymic suffix.
1. suffix1 | 2. suffix2 | 3. suffix3 | 4. suffix4 | 5. suffix5
 1 
-id /ɪd/ suffix1 (not productive).Repr. French -ide, Latin -idus, forming adjectives chiefly from verbs with e- stems, as acidus acid adjective from acere be sour; occas. from verbs with i- or consonant stems, and from nouns, as fluidus fluid adjective from fluere flow, morbidus morbid from morbus disease.
 2 
-id /ɪd/ suffix2.Corresp. to French -ide, forming nouns derived from Latin nouns in -id, -is, adopted from Greek nouns in -ida, -is, as carotid, chrysalid, pyramid; in Biology forming names of structural constituents, as plastid; in Botany forming nouns denoting plants belonging to the family typified by a certain genus, as amaryllid from Amaryllis (family Amaryllidaceae).
 3 
-id /ɪd/ suffix3.Corresp. to French -ide, repr. Latin -ides (pl. -idae, -ida), from Greek patronymic suffix -idēs. Forming nouns and corresp. adjectives with the senses ‘member of a specified family or dynasty,’ as Seleucid, Sassanid; in Zoology, ‘member of a specified family (in -idae) or class (in -ida),' as canid, arachnid; in Astronomy, ‘meteor in a group with its radiant in a specified constellation,’ as Leonid, or ‘star of a class like one in a specified constellation’, as cepheid.
 4 
-id /ɪd/ suffix4.
ORIGIN: Arbitrary.
Used in nomenclature of mammalian teeth, to form names of structures in the teeth of the lower jaw, as hypoconid.
 5 
-id†suffix5 see -ide.
☞ id
-id
I. \əd, (ˌ)id\ noun suffix
(-s)
Etymology: in sense 1, from Latin -ides, masculine patronymic suffix, from Greek -idēs; in sense 2, from Italian -ide, from Latin -id-, -is, feminine patronymic suffix, from Greek; in sense 3, from French -ide, from Latin -id-, -is, feminine patronymic suffix
1.
 a. : one belonging to a (specified) natural group or line of descent
  < Melanesid >
  < Australid >
 b. : one belonging to a (specified) dynastic line
  < Fatimid >
2.
 a. : meteor associated with or radiating from a (specified) constellation or comet
  < Perseid >
 b. : variable star of a (specified) source or type
  < Cepheid >
3. also -ide \ˌīd, _əd, (ˌ)id\ : skin rash caused by (something specified)
 < bacterid >
 < syphilid >
II. adjective suffix
: of, relating to, or characteristic of a (specified) natural group or line of descent
 < pre-Mongolid artifacts >
III.
— see -ide
IV. noun suffix
(-s)
Etymology: probably from Latin -id-, -is, formative element of some nouns, from Greek
1. : structural element of a lower molar or premolar
 < protoconid >
2. : structure, body, or particle of a (specified) kind
 < chromatid >

-id 1

Suffix

  1. not productive except in zoology of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin.

Etymology

Variant of -oid.

Derived terms

  • Europe → Europid
  • negro → negrid

    • Synonyms

  • -al
  • -an
  • -ar
  • -ese
  • -ic
  • -ish
  • -like
  • -oid
  • -ory
  • -ous
  • -y

    • -id 2

    Suffix

    1. chiefly botany, astronomy Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources, the names of meteors (e.g. Perseid), and the names of certain dynasties (e.g. Solomonid).
    2. biology Forming common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae.

    Etymology

    From Middle French -ide, French -ide, and their sources, Latin -id-, -is and Ancient Greek -ιδ-, -ις (-id-, -is).

    后缀：-id [形容词后缀]

    表示具有...性质的、如...的、含有...的

    florid 如花的

    splendid 逃煌的，华丽的

    fervid 热烈的

    lucid 透明的，明亮的

    fluid 流动的

    stupid 笨的

    liquid 液体的，流动的

    vivid 活泼的

    timid 胆小的

    placid 恬静的

    词根词缀：-id

    【来源及含义】Latin: a suffix; meaning, state, condition; having, being, pertaining to, tending to, inclinded to

    【同源单词】avid, florid, frigidness
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    更新时间：2025/1/10 9:31:04