| 词汇 | public |
| 词根词缀 | 词源： public (adj.) 1436, "pertaining to the people," from O.Fr. public (1311), from L. publicus, altered (by influence of L. pubes "adult population, adult") from Old L. poplicus "pertaining to the people," from populus "people." Meaning "open to all in the community" is from 1542. The noun meaning "the community" is attested from 1611. Public enemy is attested from 1756. Public relations first recorded 1913 (after an isolated use by Thomas Jefferson in 1807); abbreviation P.R. is from 1942. Public school is from 1580, originally, in Britain, a grammar school endowed for the benefit of the public, but most have evolved into boarding-schools for the well-to-do. The main modern meaning in U.S., "school (usually free) provided at public expense and run by local authorities," is attested from 1644. For public house, see pub. 词根记忆： a. 公共的,公用的;公开的,公然的n.公众,民众One of my relatives, a late translator, translated a book relating to public relations.我的一位亲戚,一个已故翻译,翻译了一本有关公共关系的书. a. 公开的,公众的(publ[=popul]+ic)[popul,publ=people,表示"人民"] 词根词缀： public publicize v 宣传(public公开的) -ise (1) 表动词后缀,和-ize相同,是-ize的变体,”…化” memorise v 记住(memor记忆) criticise v 批评(ctitic批评家) advertise v 做广告(advert注意到,ad+vert转+ise) authorise v 授权(anthor权力,参考authority权威) fertilise v 施肥,授精(fert肥沃…fertile 肥沃的) revitalise v 使复活(re再+vital活的) 注:由-ize构成的一些动词 publicize v 宣传(public公开的) exorcize v 驱除(坏事) (ex出+orc巫术,邪魔+ize) aggrandize v 扩张(ag+grand大+ize) jeopardize v 危害(jeopard危害+ize) materialize v 赋予…形体(material物质+ize) neutralize v 使中和(neutral中间的,中和的+ize) sterilize v 杀菌,使不育(steril无菌的+ize) homogenize v 使一致(homo相同+gen产生+ize) lionize v 崇拜(lion狮子+ize…把人当狮子看…崇拜) temporize v 拖延时间(tempor时间+ize) industrialize v 工业化(industrial工业的+ize) popularize v 推广,普及(popular流行的+ize) (2) 表名词,”物品,状态” merchandise n 商品(merchant商人+ise) turquoise n 绿松石(turquo=turkish;因绿松石来自土耳其面得名) mortise n 榫眼(mort死+ise…木头敲进榫眼使…不再动摇) treatise n 论文(treat 治疗,研究+ise) exercise n 练习,锻炼(ex出+erc力量+ise) public a 公开的,公众的(publ[=popul]+ic) popul,publ=people,表示”人民” population n 人口(popul+ation) populous a 人口稠密的(popul+ous) popular a 流行的(popul+ar…的) popularize v 大众化,推广(popular流行的+ize 化) popularity n 大众性,流行(popular流行+ity) depopulate v 减少人口(de去掉+popul+ate=去掉人口) public a 公开的,公众的(publ[=popul]+ic) publish v 出版,公开(publ+ish=进入人民中=出版) publication n 出版(public公众的+ation) publicity n 公开,宣传(public+ity) |
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