| 词汇 | patriot |
| 词根词缀 | 词源： 1590s, "compatriot," from M.Fr. patriote (15c.), from L.L. patriota "fellow-countryman" (6c.), from Gk. patriotes "fellow countryman," from patrios "of one's fathers," patris "fatherland," from pater (gen. patros) "father," with -otes, suffix expressing state or condition. Meaning "loyal and disinterested supporter of one's country" is attested from c.1600, but became an ironic term of ridicule or abuse from mid-18c. in England, so that Johnson, who at first defined it as "one whose ruling passion is the love of his country," in his fourth edition added, "It is sometimes used for a factious disturber of the government.""The name of patriot had become [c.1744] a by-word of derision. Horace Walpole scarcely exaggerated when he said that ... the most popular declaration which a candidate could make on the hustings was that he had never been and never would be a patriot." [Macaulay, "Horace Walpole," 1833]Somewhat revived in reference to resistance movements in overrun countries in WWII, it has usually had a positive sense in Amer.Eng., where the phony and rascally variety has been consigned to the word patrioteer (1928). Oriana Fallaci ["The Rage and the Pride," 2002] marvels that Americans, so fond of patriotic, patriot, and patriotism, lack the root noun and are content to express the idea of patria by cumbersome compounds such as homeland. (Joyce, Shaw, and H.G. Wells all used patria as an English word early 20c., but it failed to stick.) 词根记忆： [patri祖→祖国,-ot名词字尾,表示人]爱祖国者,爱国主义者[patr(i);part(o);pater父,祖] n. 爱国者(祖国比喻成父亲)[patr(I)=father,表示"父亲"] n. 爱国者(patri父亲)[-ot表名词,"…人"] 词根词缀： patriot patriot n 爱国者(祖国比喻成父亲) patr(i) =father,表示”父亲” patriarch n 家长,大主教(patri+arch统治) patriarchy n 父权政治(patri+archy) patron n 帮助人,恩人(像父亲一样的人) patronize v 赞助,光顾(patron+ize) patrimony n 家传,遗产(patri+mony状态或物质=父亲留下的物品=遗产) patriot n 爱国者(祖国比喻成父亲) patriotism n 爱国主义(patriot爱国者+ism) expatriate v 把…逐出国外(ex出+patri父亲,祖国+ate=(逐) 出祖国) repatriate v 把…遣返回国(re重新+patri祖国+ate=重进祖国) patriot n 爱国者(patri父亲) -ot表名词,”…人” bigot n 顽固而心胸狭窄的人(中世纪英语bigod=by god的变体) idiot n 白痴(idio愚蠢) zealot n 热心者(zeal热情) polyglot n 通晓多种语言的人(poly多+glot舌头,语言) patriot n 爱国者(patri父亲) pilot n “飞行员,领航员(意大利语piloto”划浆”的变体) ”compatriot n 同胞(com共同+patri父亲) patriot[patri祖=祖国,-ot名词字尾,表示人]爱祖国者,爱国主义者di-① 表示”两个,双”dichromatic两色的(di+chrom颜色+atic=两色的) dioxide二氧化物(di+ox氧+ide=二氧化物) dilemma进退两难(di+lemma争论=二种争论=进退两难) dichotomize分成二,对分(dicho=di+tom切割+ize=切成二分) ② 表示”使…变成,分开,离开”dilate膨胀,扩大(di+late放=分开放=扩大) dilute冲淡,稀释(di+lute冲洗=冲洗开=冲淡) digest消化,文摘(di+gest带=带下去=消化=经过消化后的精华=文摘) diminish减少,消失(di+mini小+ish=变小,减少) digress离题(di+gress走=走开=离题) divide分开(di+vide分开=分开) divorce离婚(di+vorce=vert转=从(丈夫身边) 转开=离婚,参考:divert转开) 父,祖-patr(i) ; part(o) ; paterpatriarch[patri父,祖arch首脑,长]家长,族长patriarchal[见上,-al…的]家长的,族长的,家长似的patriot[patri祖=祖国,-ot名词字尾,表示人]爱祖国者,爱国主义者patriotic(见上,-otic形容词字尾,…的) 爱国的patriotism[见上,-ism主义]爱国主义,爱国心unpatriotic(un-不,见上) 不爱国的patenal(pater父,-n-,-al…的) 父亲的,父系的paternalism[见上,-ism表示行为,现象]家长式统治,家长作风 母-matr(i) ; mater; metromatriarch[matri母=女性,arch首脑,长]女族长,女家长matrimony[matri母=婚姻,-mony名词字尾]婚姻,结婚matrimonial(见上,-al…的) 婚姻的,结婚的matron(mart母,-on表示人) 主妇,老妇matronage[见上,-age名词字尾]主妇的身份或职责maternal[matr母,-n-,-al…的]母亲的,母性的maternity[见上,-ity名词字尾]母性的,母性的metropolis[metro母,polis城市,”母城” =首城,最大的城]大城市,主要城市,大都会,首府 |
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