| 词汇 | board |
| 词根词缀 | 词源： 1. board (1) O.E. bord "a plank, flat surface," from P.Gmc. *burdam (cf. O.N. borð "plank," Du. bord "board," Goth. fotu-baurd "foot-stool," Ger. Brett "plank"), from PIE *bhrdh- "board," from base *bherdh- "to cut." See also board (2), with which this is so confused as practically to form one word (if in fact they were not the same word all along). A board is thinner than a plank, and generally less than 2.5 inches thick. The transfered meaning "food" (late 14c.) is an extension of the late O.E. sense of "table" (cf. boarder, boarding); hence, also, above board "honest, open" (1610s). A further extension is to "table where council is held" (1570s), then transfered to "leadership council, council (that meets at a table)," 1610s. 2. board (2) "side of ship," O.E. bord "border, rim, ship's side," from P.Gmc. *bordaz (cf. O.S. bord, Du. boord, Ger. Bord, O.H.G. bart, O.N. barð), perhaps from PIE *bhrtos "raised, made projecting." Connected to border. See also starboard. Under this theory, etymologically not related to board (1), but the two forms represented in English by these words were more or less confused at an early date in most Germanic languages, a situation made worse in English because this Germanic root also was adopted as M.L. bordus (cf. It. and Sp. bordo). It also entered O.Fr. as bort "beam, board, plank; side of a ship" (12c., Mod.Fr. bord), either from M.L. or Frankish, and from thence it came over with the Normans to mingle with its native cousins. By now the senses are inextricably tangled. Some etymology dictionaries treat them as having been the same word all along. 词根记忆： n. 板,木板;全体委员;夥食v.上船(车,飞机)The dull bull fully fulfilled pulling the bulletproof bulletin board.迟钝的公牛充分履行了拖防弹公告牌(的职责). |
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