| 词汇 | shell |
| 词根词缀 | 词源： 1. shell (n.) O.E. sciell, scill, Anglian scell "seashell, eggshell," related to O.E. scealu "shell, husk," from P.Gmc. *skaljo "divide, separate" (cf. W.Fris. skyl "peel, rind," M.L.G. schelle "pod, rind, egg shell," Goth. skalja "tile"), with the notion of "covering that splits off," from PIE base *(s)kel- "to cut, cleave" (cf. O.C.S. skolika "shell," Rus. skala "bark"). Sense of "mere exterior" is from 1652; that of "hollow framework" is from 1791. Meaning "structure for a band or orchestra" is attested from 1938. Military use (1644) was first of hand grenades, in ref. to the metal case in which the gunpowder and shot were mixed; shell shock first recorded 1915. Shell game "a swindle" is from 1890, from a version of three-card monte played with a pea and walnut shells. Shellfish is from O.E. scylfiscas (pl.). 2. shell (v.) 1562, "to remove (a nut, etc.) from a shell," from shell (v.). The meaning "to bombard with shells is first attested 1856. To shell out "disburse" (1801) is a fig. use from the image of extracting nuts. 词根记忆： n. 壳,贝壳;炮弹The spy is shy of taking shelter on the shelf of the shell-like shed.间谍怕在壳子一样的棚里的架子上栖身. |
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