| 词汇 | have |
| 词根词缀 | 词源： O.E. habban "to own, possess," from P.Gmc. *khaf- (cf. O.N. hafa, O.S. hebbjan, O.Fris. habba, Ger. haben, Goth. haban "to have"), from PIE *kap- "to grasp" (see capable). Not related to L. habere, despite similarity in form and sense; the L. cognate is capere "seize." O.E. second person singular present hæfst, third person singular present hæfð became M.E. hast, hath, while O.E. -bb- became -v- in have. The pp. had developed from O.E. gehæfd. Sense of "possess, have at one's disposal" (I have a book) is a shift from older languages, where the thing possessed was made the subject and the possessor took the dative case (e.g. L. est mihi liber "I have a book," lit. "there is to me a book"). Used as an auxiliary in O.E., too (esp. to form present perfect tense); the word has taken on more functions over time; Mod.Eng. he had better would have been O.E. him (dat.) wære betere. To have to for "must" (1570s) is from sense of "possess as a duty or thing to be done" (O.E.). Have-not "poor person" first recorded 1836. Phrase have a nice day first attested 1971. You never had it so good (1946) was said to be the stock answer to any complaints about U.S. Army life. Phrase have (noun), will (verb) is from 1954, originally from comedian Bob Hope, in the form Have tux, will travel; Hope described it as typical of vaudevillians' ads in "Variety," indicating a willingness to perform anywhere, any time. 词根记忆： v. 有,具有;体会,经受;从事;使;吃,喝I had a terrible dream last night.咋晚我做了一个恶梦. v. 有[hau=possess,表示"拥有"] 词根词缀： have have v 有hau=possess,表示”拥有” have v 有haven 避难所(hav+en表示场所=有[全部]的场所) behave v 举动,举止(be表示动作+have=[一个人]拥有的动作=举动) behavior n 举止行为(behave的名词) |
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